Abstract：
:Quisqualate (Quis) and other excitotoxins such as ibotenate and N-methyl aspartate, have been used to destroy neurons in the area of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) in order to study the relationship between loss of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and various behavioral deficits, including learning and memory impairments. The results of several studies suggest that although Quis NBM lesions may produce greater depletions in cortical choline acetyltransferase levels than ibotenate lesions, the learning/memory deficits tend to be milder following Quis lesions. In these studies, it was often assumed that the lesions induced by Quis were restricted to the local vicinity of the injection. However, in the present study, we found that an injection of Quis into the NBM/substantia inominata (SI) region often induces limbic seizures and disseminated brain damage. Specifically, we found that an injection of Quis into the NBM/SI area of female rats at a dose (120 nmol) used by others in previous behavioral studies produced massive damage in areas distant from the lesion site, particularly in the amygdala and piriform cortex. This disseminated damage occurred in 50% of the rats treated with Quis, was typically more severe than damage at the injection site, and was often accompanied by equally severe "mirror" lesions in the contralateral amygdala and piriform cortex. Injecting rats with MK-801 (1 mg/kg) 30 min before the Quis injection protected against the disseminated damage. These data underscore the need for careful histological evaluation of excitotoxic lesions and for caution in interpreting the relationship between altered transmitter markers and learning/memory impairment seen following these lesions.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Wozniak DF,Huss J,Olney JWdoi
10.1006/exnr.1994.1046subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
101-11issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(84)71046-6journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Neuron loss in layer III of the entorhinal cortex (EC) occurs in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and in several animal models of the disease and may play a role in the development of spontaneously recurring seizures. This damage can be reproduced in rats by a focal microinjection of the indirect excitotoxin amino...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1998.6908
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infants born very preterm are at high risk for neurological deficits including cerebral palsy. In this study we assessed the neuroprotective effects of umbilical cord blood cells (UCBCs) and optimal administration timing in a fetal sheep model of preterm brain injury. 50 million allogeneic UCBCs were intravenously adm...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.017
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is often accompanied by granule cell dispersion (GCD), a migration defect of granule cells in the dentate gyrus. We have previously shown that a decrease in the expression of reelin, an extracellular matrix protein important for neuronal positioning, is associated with the development of G...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.12.029
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of the rodent striatum to quinolinic acid (QA, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist) induces immediate early gene (IEG; c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, zif/268) expression that may extend 12-24 h after injection. In order to determine the specificity of the prolonged IEG response to the QA injection, the temporal patte...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1997.6427
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of central noradrenergic neurons in kindled seizures was assessed by comparison of alpha 2- and beta-adrenoceptor binding in the cerebral cortex from kindled and control rats. To minimize handling, which may modify kindling-induced changes in binding, the kindling protocol involved stimulation of the amygdala...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(85)90044-5
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood brain barrier (BBB) hyperpermeability and brain edema contribute to increased seizure susceptibility and brain injury in status epilepticus (SE). The endothelial glycocalyx is the coating on luminal side of the endothelium and can be considered as the first barrier of BBB. Currently, little is known about the ef...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113320
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The loss or injury of neurons associated with oxidative and nitrosative redox stress plays an important role in the onset of various neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, nitric oxide (NO), can affect neuronal survival through a process called S-nitrosylation, by which the NO group undergoes a redox reaction with ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.06.032
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study uses the saphenous nerve crush model in Thy1-YFP mice and serial transcutaneous imaging to evaluate the rate of nerve regeneration under various FK-506 (tacrolimus) dosing regimens and in the presence of transgenic overexpression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Thy1-YFP transgenic mic...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.013
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral nerve regeneration following injury occurs spontaneously, but many of the processes require metabolic energy. The mechanism of energy supply to axons has not previously been determined. In the central nervous system, monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), expressed in oligodendroglia, is critical for supplyi...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.10.018
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK) pathway, regulated by phosphorylation on specific amino acids, is emerging as an important signaling cascade in neurones, transducing sensory input into cellular responses. In the mammalian nervous system, the ERK pathway has been found to mediate plasticity even...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.01.016
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ibuprofen is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory analgesic drug, although it is not amongst the first-line treatments for neuropathic pain. Its main effects are mediated by non-specific inhibition of COX enzymes, but it also exerts some COX-independent effects, such as the inhibition of RhoA signaling and the modula...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.11.008
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sciatic cryoneurolysis (SCN) is an experimental rat mononeuropathy model that produces neuropathic behavioral sequelae distinct from other neuropathy models. Following SCN, there is limited autotomy peaking in severity and incidence at 7-14 days and delayed but sustained allodynia appearing at about 21 days, with no e...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1995.1028
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new procedure was developed for ablating the mammillary nuclei in nonhuman primates via direct visual exposure. Using this technique, monkeys receiving lesions of the mammillary nuclei were compared to control animals after surgery to assess the retention of preoperatively acquired visuospatial discriminations and s...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90160-7
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraoxonase-2 regulates reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria. Stimulating its expression has therapeutic potential for diseases where oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathology. Evidence suggests that the anti-diabetic drug pioglitazone may provide neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease, ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113234
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The longitudinal distributions of both phrenic and medial gastrocnemius motoneurons were quantitatively studied in the cat spinal cord. Both populations of motoneurons were retrogradely labeled by applying horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the cut central ends of the appropriate peripheral nerves. The longitudinal posit...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(84)90089-x
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Downregulation in the astroglial glutamate transporter EAAT2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and mutant SOD1 mouse models of ALS is believed to contribute to the death of motor neurons by excitotoxicity. We previously reported that caspase-3 cleaves EAAT2 at a unique cleavage consensus site located in ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.03.014
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive synaptogenesis and terminal proliferation are known to occur in the dentate gyrus of the rat hippocampus following removal of specific afferents. In the present study we have examined the relation of synaptophysin immunoreactivity to the immunohistochemical staining pattern of GAP-43, a putative marker of neu...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(91)90169-d
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to early life stress (ELS), such as childhood abuse and neglect is a well established major risk factor for developing psychiatric and behavioral disorders later in life. Both prenatal and postnatal stressors have been shown to have a long-lasting impact on adult pathological states where the type and timing ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.001
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After injury of their axons, damaged neurons shift their metabolic activity into a reparative mode aimed at survival and regeneration or, alternatively, they undergo degeneration and die. Previous reports have shown that at the initial stages of the response to axonal injury, polyamines are essential for neuronal surv...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(86)90307-9
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among endogenous adaptive systems to hypoxia, neuroglobin, a recently discovered heme protein, was suggested as a novel oxygen-dependent neuroprotectant. We aimed to characterize i) maturational age-related regulation of neuroglobin in the developing mouse brain under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and ii) the role ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.04.006
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammals adopt a limited number of postures during their day-to-day activities. These stereotyped skeletal configurations are functionally adequate and limit the number of degrees of freedom to be controlled by the central nervous system. The temporal pattern of emergence of these configurations in altricial mammals is...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.05.018
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogens and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors regulate multiple aspects of morphological and functional plasticity in young animals. For example, estrogens increase spine density in the hippocampus, and NMDA antagonists block these effects. Few studies have examined the effects of age, postovariectomy interval, ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7716
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the spinal dorsal horn has been shown to be essential for the initiation of central sensitization and the hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons in chronic pain. However, whether the spinal NR2B-containing NMDA (NMDA-2B) receptors are involved still remains larg...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.10.018
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological data demonstrate that while women report lower rates of drug use than men, the number of current drug users and abusers who are women continues to increase. In addition women progress through the phases of addiction differently than men; women transition from casual drug use to addiction faster, are mo...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.01.022
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five subjects matched the force of a sustained isometric contraction with a contraction of the contralateral muscle. Estimates of the sustained constant forces increased with time despite the direction to disregard the increased effort associated with the fatiguing contraction. These instructions did not produce a not...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90278-9
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiments focused on the morphological interaction between serotonergic (5-HT) and noradrenergic (NA) axons during regeneration following partial axonal denervation in the cerebral cortex in adult rats. The denervation paradigm used employed two neurotoxins, one for 5-HT and one for NA axons, infused tog...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00221-8
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major neutral and acidic cerebellar lipids were studied in audiogenic seizure (AGS)-resistant C57BL/6 (B6) and AGS-susceptible DBA/2J (D2) mice. These cerebellar lipids were also studied in the D2.B6- Iasb congenic mice and in the B6D2F1 hybrids that are mostly AGS resistant. Except for the Iasb gene, which inhibi...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(84)90206-1
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker (ARB) has been reported to modify hypertensive cerebrovascular changes; however, it is not clear whether its protective effects are independent of blood pressure. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of AT1R-mediated signals in cerebral circulation by the chronic ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.11.028
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to elucidate whether oligodendrocytes die in fiber tracts that are spared by a spinal cord injury but are in close vicinity of inflammatory cells. Adult rat spinal cords were studied histologically 1 day to 2 weeks after a contusion lesion that left the ventral white matter largely intact. Ma...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2000.7379
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Medial forebrain bundle (MFB) deep brain stimulation (DBS) has anti-depressant effects clinically and in depression models. Currently, therapeutic mechanisms of MFB DBS or how stimulation parameters acutely impact neurotransmitter release, particularly dopamine, are unknown. Experimentally, MFB DBS has been ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113224
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
