Abstract:
:To assess the humoral immunological responses at the subclass level in shigellosis, specific antibody responses against Shigella dysenteriae 1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), S. flexneri Y LPS, invasion plasmid-coded protein antigens (Ipa), and Shiga toxin were analyzed. Antibody responses of 41 patients with S. dysenteriae 1 infection (SDIP) and 15 patients with S. flexneri infection (SFIP) were compared with those of controls (n = 40). The levels of total immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, IgM, and albumin in serum and stool samples were analyzed. In addition, total IgA (t-IgA), secretory IgA (s-IgA), and antigen-specific s-IgA in fecal samples were analyzed to evaluate the specificities and magnitudes of the mucosal immune responses. By comparing the relative increases in optical density for each IgG subclass separately, it was determined that the anti-LPS (homologous) response initially increased in the order IgG2 > IgG1 > IgG3 > IgG4 and that this order changed to IgG2 > IgG3 > IgG1 > IgG4 later in the disease. The IgG subclass response against protein antigens initially showed the order IgG1 > IgG3 > IgG2 > IgG4, which changed to IgG3 > IgG1 > IgG2 > IgG4 later in the disease. A significant increase in the proportion of IgA2 among t-IgA compared with that in controls was seen in both SDIP and SFIP, while significant changes in the proportions of IgG1 and IgG2 among t-IgG compared with controls was seen only in SDIP. The anti-LPS IgA2 response was more prominent in SDIP than in SFIP. We found an early peak of antigen-specific s-IgA in fecal samples, with a shorter duration than the corresponding response in serum samples. The simultaneous increase of serum IgA, fecal t-IgA, and s-IgA in SDIP compared with those in SFIP suggests that there is a massive increase in the local IgA production, giving an increase in systemic IgA concomitant with an extensive gut mucosal inflammation leading to an increased loss of albumin, IgG, and IgA with a high ratio of t-IgA to s-IgA.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Islam D,Wretlind B,Ryd M,Lindberg AA,Christensson Bdoi
10.1128/IAI.63.5.2054-2061.1995subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-05-01 00:00:00pages
2054-61issue
5eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The ethanol-insoluble product formed from sucrose by purified enzyme encoded by the gtfA gene from Streptococcus mutans, expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli, was analyzed by 13C and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance. The product was identified as alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, and it was concluded that the GTF-A enzy...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.10.2763-2765.1988
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major problem in the study of chlamydial genital infections in animal models has been the use of varied doses of chlamydiae for infection in different laboratories. It is clearly desirable to use a dose which approximates that of natural sexual infection, but that dose to date has not been determined because of the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.11.6148-6154.2003
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD8+ T cells are essential for protection against mycobacteria, as is clearly demonstrated by the fatal outcome of experimental infection of beta-2 microglobulin knockout mice. However, the mechanisms and antigens (Ags) leading to CD8+ T-cell activation and regulation have been poorly characterized. Here we show that,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.2.676-684.1997
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenotypic and functional changes of glycolipid presented by CD1d(glycolipid/CD1d) specific Valpha14+ T cells in the liver of mice at early stages of bacterial infection were investigated. After Listeria monocytogenes infection or interleukin-12 (IL-12) treatment, alpha-galactosylceramide/CD1d tetramer-reactive (a...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00311-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae responds to environmental changes by altering the protein composition of its outer membrane. In rich medium, V. cholerae expresses almost exclusively the outer membrane porin OmpU, whereas in minimal medium, OmpT is the dominant porin. The supplementation of a minimal medium with a mixture of asparagin...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05851-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the murine model of urinary tract infections (UTI), cystitis by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) occurs through an intimate relationship with the bladder superficial umbrella cell entailing cycles of adherence, invasion, intracellular bacterial community (IBC) formation, and dispersal (fluxing) from the intrac...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.11.7657-7668.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (OMPDC) gene, encoding the final enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, was deleted using Toxoplasma gondii KU80 knockouts to develop an avirulent nonreverting pyrimidine auxotroph strain. Additionally, to functionally address the role of the pyrimidine salv...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00287-10
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show here that Helicobacter pylori broth culture supernatants disrupt the actin cytoskeleton of epithelial cell lines, leading to cell rounding and apoptosis through anoikis. We demonstrate that there are marked quantitative differences between strains and that there are different cell line sensitivities. By constr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.6.3623-3627.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Athymic nude mice (nu/nu), heterozygous litter mates (nu/+), and thymic reconstituted homozygous animals (nu/nu TxR) were infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense. A reduced parasitemia and prolonged survival were observed in the nu/nu animals after infection and cure or after immunization with irradiated organisms. Thes...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.20.3.714-720.1978
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the cytokine/chemokine secretions and alteration of protein expression from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cocultured with adult liver flukes (Opisthorchis viverrini) for 6 to 24 h. PBMC-derived proteins were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, and the cytok...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00901-13
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this communication, we examine the specificity of anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Serological studies of the two related HSV serotypes (HSV-1 and HSV-2) have revealed both type-specific and cross-reactive antigenic determinants in the viral envelope and on the surface of infected cell...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.34.3.795-803.1981
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms linking the immune response to cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis (CL and ML, respectively) lesions and the response to treatment are incompletely understood. Our aims were to prospectively assess, by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, the levels of mRNA for gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01513-08
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) autoantibodies have been postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis of NMDAR hypofunction, which contributes to the etiology of psychotic symptoms. Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogen implicated in psychiatric disorders and associated with elevation of NMDAR autoantibodies. However, it remain...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00398-18
更新日期:2018-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7 strains are shown to spontaneously lose cytolytic activity with a frequency of approximately 10(-4). The phenotypic change is associated with the loss of approximately 8.5 kbp of chromosomal DNA. A genomic fragment encoding the cytolysin and its flanking sequences was cloned ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.11.4110-4116.1991
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma penetrans adhered to cultured human cells, forming clusters that localized to specific areas of the host cell surface. Adherence and cluster formation were inhibited by anti-M. penetrans antibodies, suggesting the involvement of specific adhesin-receptor interactions. Ultrastructural studies showed that aft...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.1.197-208.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. The susceptibility to this disease depends to a great extent on the innate immune response against mycobacteria. Host defense peptides (HDP) are one of the first barriers to counteract infection. Cathelicidin (LL-37) is an HDP that has many immun...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00936-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin A (IgA) was prepared from samples of parotid saliva collected from two individuals over a 150-day period. Standardized solutions of the IgA were tested for agglutinating antibody activity against strains of streptococcus salivarius, S. sanguis, S. mitis, and S. mutans that had been isolated from a homol...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.3.603-606.1975
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chagas' disease is a chronic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and represents an important public health burden in Latin America. Frequently the disease evolves undetectable for decades, while in a significant fraction of the affected individuals it culminates in death by heart failure. Here, we describe a novel m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.4.2350-2357.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and tetanus toxin (TeNT) are the most potent toxins for humans and elicit unique pathologies due to their ability to traffic within motor neurons. BoNTs act locally within motor neurons to elicit flaccid paralysis, while retrograde TeNT traffics to inhibitory neurons within the central ne...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00477-15
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is the etiologic agent of localized aggressive periodontitis, a rapidly progressing oral disease that occurs in adolescents. A. actinomycetemcomitans can also cause systemic disease, including infective endocarditis. In early work on A. actinomycetemcomitans workers concluded that ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.4.2015-2021.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D is an important regulator of the expression of antimicrobial peptides, and vitamin D deficiency is associated with respiratory infections. Regulating expression of antimicrobial peptides, such as the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide 18 (hCAP18)/LL-37, by vitamin D in bronchial epithelial cells requir...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.06224-11
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several monoclonal antibodies directed against gonococcal pili have been used to investigate the potential contribution of anti-pilus antibodies to host defense against gonococcal infection. Included were two antibodies (SM1 and SM2) which reacted with conserved determinants present on pili from all strains tested and...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.3.621-628.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vivo induction of colony-stimulating activity (CSA) by N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine-D-isoglutamine has been demonstrated recently. In this study we increased our understanding of this property by testing muramyl peptides of several structures and activities for their capacity to induce CSA in vivo. A comparison of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.46.2.495-500.1984
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the absence of antiserum, rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) released lysosomal enzymes in response to Actinomyces viscosus (19246) but not to Streptococcus mutans (6715). Antibodies had a marked modulating influence on these reactions. PMN hydrolase release was significantly enhanced to both organisms when...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.6.1315-1321.1976
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in infection kinetics and host response between Burkholderia multivorans and Burkholderia cenocepacia were demonstrated in a pulmonary infection model in BALB/c mice. B. multivorans persisted in the lung, while B. cenocepacia was cleared. Indirect immunofluorescence and electron microscopy of B. multivoran...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.10.6142-6147.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes, there is a profound depletion of T (Thy-1+ Ig-) lymphocytes between days 1 and 4, followed by an increase in T cells to three times normal levels by day 9. The recovery of T cell numbers required cell proliferation, being sensitive to vinblastin and cyclophosph...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.2.694-698.1982
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcal enterotoxins A through D (SEA through SED) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 display superantigen properties, i.e., they stimulate a great fraction of T cells expressing certain T-cell receptor V beta sequences. Using a newly established rat model of septic Staphylococcus aureus arthritis, we have recent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.10.4185-4187.1995
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antihistoplasma activity of recombinant murine gamma interferon (rMuIFN-gamma)-treated macrophages of the RAW 264.7 cell line depends on the generation of nitric oxide (NO.) from L-arginine. Macrophages of the P388D1 cell line treated with rMuIFN-gamma do not produce NO. or inhibit the intracellular growth of Hist...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.4.1478-1479.1994
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adherence of Treponema denticola GM-1, TD-4, and MS25 to human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) was studied to serve as an introduction to investigations into the interactions of these oral bacteria with human host cells. Under both aerobic (5% CO2) and anaerobic (85% N2 plus 10% H2 plus 5% CO2) environments, the inter...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.6.1720-1729.1990
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian hosts often develop distinct immune response against the diverse parasitic helminths that have evolved for immune evasion. Interleukin-25 (IL-25), an IL-17 cytokine family member, plays a key role in initiating the protective immunity against several parasitic helminths; however, the involvement and underlyi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00646-13
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00