Abstract:
:Using individual subject data from 10 case-control studies, comprising over 3000 cases and almost 4000 controls, we have estimated the relative risk of melanoma associated with aspects of complexion, namely, hair, eye and skin colour and freckling in adulthood, and have examined the relationships between these factors and naevus count in terms of melanoma risk. Compared with individuals with black or dark brown hair, the relative risks for developing melanoma in those with light brown, blonde and red hair were 1.49 (95% CI 1.31, 1.70), 1.84 (95% CI 1.54, 2.21) and 2.38 (95% CI 1.90, 2.97), respectively. Individuals with blue eyes had a risk 1.55 (95% CI 1.35, 1.78) times that for those with brown eyes, or 1.15 (95% CI 0.94, 1.40) after adjusting for hair colour and freckling in adulthood. The relative risks associated with hair and eye colour were independent of those for naevus count and skin colour. Light skin colour and high freckle density were also highly significant risk factors, independent of each other and of naevus count and hair and eye colour. The risks associated with these factors, while individually modest, are largely independent, and thus pigmentation characteristics and freckling tendency should be useful in identifying high risk groups to be targeted for prevention.
journal_name
Int J Cancerjournal_title
International journal of cancerauthors
Bliss JM,Ford D,Swerdlow AJ,Armstrong BK,Cristofolini M,Elwood JM,Green A,Holly EA,Mack T,MacKie RMdoi
10.1002/ijc.2910620402subject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1995-08-09 00:00:00pages
367-76issue
4eissn
0020-7136issn
1097-0215journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Interest has increased in the potential role of circulating tumour cells in cancer management. Most cell-based studies have been designed to determine the number of circulating tumour cells in a given volume of blood. Ability to understand the biology of the cancer cells would increase the clinical potential. The purp...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.29680
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a series of consecutive 51chromium (51Cr) assays, 21 melanoma and 14 colo-rectal carcinoma patients were tested for their in vitro cell-mediated immune reactions to melanoma, rectal adenocarcinoma, and normal fibroblast target cells. Blood lymphocytes (BL) from four individuals were included in each experiment. In ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.2910170106
更新日期:1976-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::While the association between fruit consumption and bladder cancer risk has been extensively reported, studies have had inadequate statistical power to investigate associations between types of fruit and bladder cancer risk satisfactorily. Fruit consumption in relation to bladder cancer risk was investigated by poolin...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.33008
更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The amplification of the q21 band of chromosome 8 (8q21) occurs in a large percentage of breast cancers. WWP1, an HECT domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase located in the 8q21 region, negatively regulates the TGF-beta tumor suppressor pathway. To characterize the role of WWP1 in breast cancer, we analyzed WWP1 gene d...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.22653
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Down-regulation of E-cadherin function is characteristic of cancer cells and might involve the small G-protein Rho family, including Rac1 and Cdc42. IQGAP1 has been reported to be one of the target proteins of Rac1 and Cdc42. To elucidate the role of IQGAP1 in cancer-cell adhesion, its expression was investigated in 4...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1121>3
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to obtain cell lines from the different components found in primary breast cancers, we used a low-calcium medium to culture epithelial cells of mixed phenotype and a recombinant T antigen containing retrovirus to immortalize cells found in these cultures. In each case, the histology of the sample used fo...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.2910510417
更新日期:1992-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disorder with unique pathological and genetic changes. Although several studies have reported the clinical features and mutational changes of PMP that originates from the appendix, few studies on PMP originating from the ovary have been reported due to its extreme rarity. In orde...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.33460
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a tumour classification that is defined by oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 receptor negativity. TNBCs share a similar gene expression profile to BRCA-mutated tumours, have been shown to carry a high proportion of BRCA mutati...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.28361
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Smoking is indisputably linked to lung cancer, yet only a small fraction of smokers develops this disease. Although previously tobacco-derived carcinogens and enzyme polymorphisms have been identified to increase the risk for smokers, recent epidemiological data suggest even sex-specificity as a new and additional fac...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ijc.32716
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Withaferin A (WFA) is purified from the plant Withania somnifera and inhibits the vimentin cytoskeleton. Vimentin overexpression in cancer correlates with metastatic disease, induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition and reduced patient survival. As vimentin functions in cell motility, we wanted to test the hy...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.25938
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Little is known about its molecular pathogenesis and the relevance of DNA methylation for disease initiation and progression. Nevertheless, promoter methylation of some genes has been implicated as potential marker for HCC. Thirty-four HCC, 34...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.23433
更新日期:2008-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Paraffin sections (n = 168, 27 benign, 16 low malignant potential [LMP] and 125 malignant tumours) from epithelial ovarian tumours were evaluated immunohistochemically for expression of retinoblastoma gene product (pRB) and p53 protein, and the relationship among pRB, p53 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19970822)74:4<407::aid-ijc
更新日期:1997-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::We report the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) among HIV-infected women who did not have any colposcopic or histopathological evidence of CIN at baseline. Of the 1,023 women without any CIN at baseline, 855 (83.6%) have been followed up to a maximum of 6.4 years contributing 2,875 person years of ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.31826
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to determine the prognostic values of 39 circulating cytokines in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) and to develop a novel cytokine-based prognostic classifier (CBPC) for prognostic prediction. A total of 176 patients were divided into two cohorts based on the date of first-line chemoth...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.29017
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The selective targets for HTLV-III/LAV, the causal infectious agent of AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC), are T4 cells, apparently because the virus receptor is associated with T4 antigen determinants. This accounts for T4 cell depletion in AIDS and for a decrease of IL-2 production by AIDS peripheral blood lymphocy...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.2910380507
更新日期:1986-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the perspective of in vivo therapeutic applications, the monoclonal antibody (MAb) MOv18 was selected for its restricted reactivity with human ovarian carcinoma. Using the pH 2.8 desorption assay, we found that the antigen recognized by MOv18 had a high stability on the cell membrane and poor internalization. There...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.2910410422
更新日期:1988-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human conventional renal cell carcinoma (CCC) remains resistant to current therapies. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is upregulated in many epithelial tumors and clearly implicated in nearly all facets of cancer. However, only few reports have assessed whether FAK may be associated with renal tumorigenesis. In this study...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.29522
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We derived from blood lymphocytes of a melanoma patient a large number of cytolytic T-cell clones directed against a cell line of the autologous tumor. Three distinct groups of antigens were recognized by these CTL on the autologous melanoma cells: group A consisted of stable antigens present on all sublines, whereas ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.2910440413
更新日期:1989-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is characterized by unique features that can be utilized for selective and targeted therapy, which aids in preserving healthy tissues from deteriorating effects of traditional chemotherapeutics. In this minireview, a brief overview of ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ijc.30517
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental studies have consistently shown a protective effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) against nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC). However, little human epidemiological research has been done in this regard. We used data from the Skin Cancer Chemoprevention Study to explore the association of NS...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.21878
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although 45% of men and 39% of women will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime, it is difficult to predict which individuals will be affected. For some cancers, substantial progress in individual risk estimation has already been made. However, relatively few models have been developed to predict lung cancer risk...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ijc.22331
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A randomized clinical trial designed to compare the effectiveness of cytoxan (CTX) alone versus a combination consisting of CTX, vincristine (Oncovin) and methotrexate (COM) in the treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was carried out. Nineteen patients were selected at random to receive CTX alone while 21 received COM...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/ijc.2910170404
更新日期:1976-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) associated malignancy which is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. EBV-related antibodies have been widely used as screening markers for early nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) detection. However, due to its low positive predictive rate, it is essential to develop n...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.31642
更新日期:2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been characterized as a specific prostate marker, although recent studies have suggested the existence of PSA of nonprostatic sources. We have assessed the presence of PSA by an ultrasensitive assay in 276 serum and nonserum samples from women. Our data show the presence of PSA in 9...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19961115)68:4<424::AID-IJC
更新日期:1996-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Myf-3 is the human homologue of the murine Myo-D1 gene involved in muscle-cell differentiation. Using Southern blot analysis, we examined methylation of Myf-3 in histologically normal colonic mucosae, adenomas and carcinomas from a large series of patients with primary colorectal cancer. Hypermethylation of this gene ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990420)84:2<109::aid-ijc
更新日期:1999-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Metaphase comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) studies indicate that chromosomes 4, 5, 6, 13, 14, 15 and 18 are frequently deleted in primary ovarian cancers (OCs). Therefore we used microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT) to establish the functional effects of transferring normal copies of these chromosomes ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.24058
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are overexpressed in most prostate cancers. PSCA- and PSA-derived, HLA-A2 binding peptides are specific targets for T-cell responses in vitro. A phase I/II trial was performed to demonstrate feasibility, safety and induction of antigen-specific immu...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ijc.22097
更新日期:2006-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Combining the specificity of tumor-targeting bacteria with the sensitivity of biomarker detection would create a screening method able to detect small tumors and metastases. To create this system, we genetically modified an attenuated strain of Salmonella enterica to release a recombinant fluorescent biomarker (or flu...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
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doi:10.1002/ijc.32414
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant gliomas recur even after extensive surgery and chemo-radiotherapy. Although a relatively novel chemotherapeutic agent, temozolomide (TMZ), has demonstrated promising activity against gliomas, the effects last only a few months and drug resistance develops thereafter in many cases. It has been acknowledged th...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
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doi:10.1002/ijc.25985
更新日期:2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental and epidemiological data support a role for sex steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. The associations of pre-diagnostic blood concentrations of estradiol, estrone, testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS and SHBG with endometrial cancer risk were investigated. A case-control study was ...
journal_title:International journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/ijc.11529
更新日期:2004-01-20 00:00:00