Abstract:
:The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other retroviruses show extensive genomic variation, which is primarily due to error-prone replication by the viral reverse transcriptase (RT) enzymes. RT errors include misincorporation with subsequent extension of the mismatched terminal base, and extension of realigned primer-template duplexes. Whereas both RT-mediated mechanisms have been extensively studied in vitro, almost no in vivo experiments have been performed. In this work, we analyzed the ability of HIV-1 RT to extend a misaligned tRNA(Lys3) primer in vivo. This tRNA binds with its 3'-terminal 18 nt to a complementary sequence in the viral genome, referred to as the primer-binding site (PBS). We constructed a series of mutant viral genomes with small insertions or deletions in the PBS sequence, resulting in misalignment of the tRNA primer. Extension of the misaligned primer did occur with reasonable efficiency for some of the mutants, resulting in reversion to the wild-type viral sequence. The infectivity and reversion frequency of the PBS mutants is therefore a measure of the efficiency of extending a misaligned primer in vivo. Using virion-derived primer-template complexes, we also measured the tRNA-priming efficiency in vitro. The combined results show that HIV-1 RT can elongate a misaligned primer and that the efficiency of primer extension is determined by the extent of the mismatch.
journal_name
Nucleic Acids Resjournal_title
Nucleic acids researchauthors
Das AT,Berkhout Bdoi
10.1093/nar/23.8.1319subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-04-25 00:00:00pages
1319-26issue
8eissn
0305-1048issn
1362-4962pii
5c0009journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have previously reported that transcription from a distal promoter (promoter B) of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) gene is responsible for the increased expression of ERalpha in human breast carcinomas. This paper first characterized the promoter B region in terms of transient transfection experiments with lu...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/27.3.903
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abstract::Sug1 and Sug2 are two of six ATPases in the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome. We have shown previously that these proteins play a non-proteolytic role in the transcription of the GAL genes in yeast. In this study, we probe the requirement for these factors in stress-induced transcription in yeast. It is k...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkl012
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/9.6.1463
更新日期:1981-03-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-08-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/23.11.1928
更新日期:1995-06-11 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1991-12-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkz1018
更新日期:2020-01-24 00:00:00
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pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa936
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/19.22.6277
更新日期:1991-11-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
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更新日期:2005-02-16 00:00:00
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更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
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更新日期:2004-12-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/10.12.3745
更新日期:1982-06-25 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-06-26 00:00:00
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