Abstract:
:Bending and compressive loads were applied intermittently at 0.5 Hz through implants chronically inserted into the radius and ulna of experimental sheep. The plane of bending was the same as that imposed during locomotion. The principal variables of the artificial strain regime were the peak strains and strain rates, which never exceeded the range attainable during normal locomotion. The bones were loaded artificially for one hour per day for six weeks. Post mortem, the parameters of the bones' remodelling response were assessed by measuring the change in gross geometry and the amount of new bone formation which was marked with fluorescent label given during the experimental period. The strain-related variable, which had the greatest influence on every remodelling parameter investigated, was the ratio between the maximum strain rate of the artificial regime and the maximum strain rate during walking. The variation in this ratio could be shown to account for between 68 and 81% of the variation in the measures of surface bone deposited. The strain parameter which caused the greatest additional increase in the proportion of total variation explained was most commonly the ratio between the proportion of peak strain due to axial loading in the normal and artificial situations. The effect of this axial strain was far less marked than that of strain rate, however, and only increased the percentage of the total variance which could be explained by between 6 and 12%. The direction of bending and axial loading (tension or compression) appeared to have no effect on the course of the remodelling observed. The most effective influence on the amount of intracortical secondary osteal remodelling was also the maximum strain rate ratio. Its effect on this process seemed less marked than that on surface remodelling, however, since it could only explain 43% of the variance in the total number of secondary osteons formed. The addition of other strain-related variables did not significantly increase this proportion.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
O'Connor JA,Lanyon LE,MacFie Hdoi
10.1016/0021-9290(82)90092-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
767-81issue
10eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
0021-9290(82)90092-6journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::There is a paucity of data in the literature on the restraining effects of the glenohumeral (GH) ligaments; cadaveric testing is one of the best methods for determining the function of these types of tissues. The aim of this work was to commission a custom-made six degrees of freedom (dof) joint loading apparatus and ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.03.007
更新日期:2009-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Valgus moments on the knee joint during single-leg landing have been suggested as a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The purpose of this study was to test the influence of isolated valgus moment on ACL strain during single-leg landing. Physiologic levels of valgus moments from an in vivo study ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.10.031
更新日期:2009-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can result in failure to return to pre-injury activity levels and future osteoarthritis predisposition. Single leg hop is used in late rehabilitation to evaluate recovery and inform treatment but biomechanical understanding of this activity is insufficient. This study investigat...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.046
更新日期:2014-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::The understanding of biomechanical deficits and impaired neural control of gait after stroke is crucial to prescribe effective customized treatments aimed at improving walking function. Instrumented gait analysis has been increasingly integrated into the clinical practice to enhance precision and inter-rater reliabili...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.08.006
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::A computational fluid dynamics model for the analysis of the bileaflet mechanical heart valve closure process is presented. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the ability of the numerical model to simulate the leaflet motion during the closing phase in order to investigate the closure fluid dynamics and to e...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00056-8
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A device is described for measuring strength and power outputs of dynamic vertical lifts between heights of 0.4 and 2.2 m. The device is safe, robust, and easily transportable. It consists of a water-filled tube 2 m high and 200 mm internal diameter. The subject pulls vertically on a handle which is connected with fle...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(96)00155-8
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obese children exhibit altered gait mechanics compared to healthy-weight children and have an increased prevalence of hip pain and pathology. This study sought to determine the relationships between body mass and compressive and shear hip joint contact forces during walking. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected d...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.03.033
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a total-contact insole with and without subthreshold mechanical random noise on the balance control in diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate peripheral neuropathy. Twenty diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate neuropathy was recruited to this study. A tota...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109656
更新日期:2020-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Wave speed (also called pulse wave velocity) is the speed by which disturbance travels along the medium and it depends on the mechanical and geometrical properties of the vessel and on the density of the blood. Wave speed is a parameter of clinical relevance because it is an indicator of arterial stiffness and cardiov...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.10.007
更新日期:2014-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The optimal fluid administration protocol for critically ill perioperative patients is hard to estimate due to the lack of tools to directly measure the patient fluid status. This results in the suboptimal clinical outcome of interventions. Previously developed predictive mathematical models focus on describing the fl...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.03.002
更新日期:2019-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::This study explored transient characteristics of body sway during single-leg quiet stance in young ballet dancers (n = 41) and young healthy adults (n = 58). We compared the groups in terms of center of pressure (CoP) parameters (CoP velocity and amplitude, averaged across the duration of the 30-s trial), and the tran...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110195
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::The skeleton consists of a series of elements with a variety of functions. In locations where shape or protection are of prime importance the bone's architecture is achieved during growth under direct genetic control. In locations where resistance to repetitive loading is important only the general form of the bone wi...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(87)90026-1
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of the ductility of bone tissue on whole-bone strength represents a fundamental issue of multi-scale biomechanics. To gain insight, we performed a computational study of 16 human proximal femurs and 12 T9 vertebral bodies, comparing the whole-bone strength for the two hypothetical bounding cases of fully...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.066
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that running at fixed fractions of Froude (Nfr) and Strouhal (Str) dimensionless numbers combinations induce dynamic similarity between humans of different sizes. Nineteen subjects ran in three experimental conditions, (i) constant speed, (ii) similar speed (Nfr) and (i...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.10.012
更新日期:2014-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to devise a method for the tensile testing of the organic component of demineralised bone. It was hoped that the method could be applied to determine whether an observed reduction in the strength of bone in copper-deficient rats could be attributed to a reduction in the cross-linking of c...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(93)90365-l
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are almost no published data that describe the creep behavior of trabecular bone (at the specimen level), even though the creep behavior of cortical bone has been well documented. In an effort to characterize the creep behavior of trabecular bone and to compare it with that of cortical bone, we performed uniaxia...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90006-x
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of non-habitual physical activity on bone architecture in the rat humeral shaft was examined. Two groups of rats were trained to swim for 1 h a day, for 20 weeks, at two training levels. The control group consisted of sedentary rats. Parameters of cross-sectional bone morphology (cross-section areas, princi...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(89)90068-7
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for measuring three-dimensional kinematics that incorporates the direct cross-registration of experimental kinematics with anatomic geometry from Computed Tomography (CT) data has been developed. Plexiglas registration blocks were attached to the bones of interest and the specimen was CT scanned. Computer mod...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00195-0
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In attempts to better understand the etiology of osteoarthritis, a debilitating joint disease that results in the degeneration of articular cartilage (AC) in synovial joints, researchers have focused on joint tribology, the study of joint friction, lubrication, and wear. Several different approaches have been used to ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.05.024
更新日期:2009-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback training affords patients a better sense of the different muscle activation patterns involved in the movement of the shoulder girdle. It is important to address scapular kinematics with labourers who have daily routines involving large amounts of lifting at shoulder level or higher. ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.04.036
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Flatfoot is a risk factor for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), and excessive rearfoot eversion occurring in flatfoot has been associated with the development and progression of PFPS; however, the mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate transverse shank and frontal rearfoot coordination patterns ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110119
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of the aortic root compliance in the aortic valve performance has most frequently been ignored in computational valve modeling, although it has a significant contribution to the functionality of the valve. Aortic root aneurysm or (calcific) stiffening severely affects the aortic valve behavior and, cons...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00448-7
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper defines the term coordination interval (CI), suggesting that it should replace the term electromechanical delay (EMD), if this parameter is determined in vivo for a muscle functioning in a biomechanical system with considerable mobility, but not in a kinematic pair with one degree of rotational freedom (DOF)...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90211-9
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, two different strategies of rising from a chair were compared, using integrated biomechanical and electromyographic analyses. Nine healthy subjects were instructed to rise using two different strategies: natural sit-to-stand transfer (NSTS) and a sit-to-stand transfer with full flexion of the trunk (FST...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90039-6
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Movement variability has become an important field of research and has been studied to gain a better understanding of the neuro-muscular control of human movements. In addition to studies investigating "amplitude variability" there are a growing number of studies assessing the "temporal variability" in movements by ap...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.02.008
更新日期:2012-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::The orientation of the line of pull and geometrical characteristics of rat semimembranosus lateralis muscle (SM1) were measured in a plane during isometric contractions at different muscle lengths. The orientation of the line of pull was always similar in our plane of analysis. It was always aligned with the external ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90051-5
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbits were immobilized for 3 weeks with the ankle in plantar flexion, midrange position or dorsal extension (n=15). The left leg was used as control. Sarcomere lengths were measured by laser diffraction in vivo in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Legs immobilized in the midrange position showed coherent diffractio...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.03.006
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies evaluated 3D human jaw movements using kinematic analysis systems during mouth opening, but information on the reliability of such measurements is still scarce. The purpose of this study was to analyze within- and between-session reliabilities, inter-rater reliability, standard error of measurement (S...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.09.038
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Fixation failure of glenoid components is the main cause of unsuccessful total shoulder arthroplasties. The characteristics of these failures are still not well understood, hence, attempts at improving the implant fixation are somewhat blind and the failure rate remains high. This lack of understanding is largely due ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.10.019
更新日期:2010-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::The finite element method described in this study provides an easy method to simulate the kinetics of multibody mechanisms. It is used in order to develop a musculoskeletal model of the shoulder mechanism. Each relevant morphological structure has been represented by an appropriate element. For the shoulder mechanism ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90065-5
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00