Rectal sparing in antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis: a prospective study.

abstract：:Exogenous administration of substances extracted from rodent salivary glands may increase the resistance of gastric mucosal barrier to the disruptive actions of ulcerogenic agents and/or reduce acid secretory output. In the present study the influence of desalivation in the rat on acid secretory function and mucosal i...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Skinner KA,Tepperman BL

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the procoagulant activity of peripheral blood monocytes in 41 patients with severe obstructive jaundice and in 27 nonjaundiced control patients using a one-stage clotting assay. Mononuclear cells from jaundiced patients, tested immediately after isolation, expressed low levels of procoagulant activity, whic...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Semeraro N,Montemurro P,Chetta G,Altomare DF,Giordano D,Colucci M

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data seem to support a tubular defect as the mechanism of the elevated renal clearance of amylase relative to creatinine in acute pancreatitis. Glucagon has been proposed by some to be an important factor in this phenomenon. To examine the role of glucagon as this "tubular dysfunction factor", we investigated t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Tedesco FJ,Davila E,Gardner LB

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether bile acids interact with mast cells, dilute, aqueous solutions of five pure unconjugated natural bile acids and their corresponding glycine or taurine conjugates were incubated with murine PT-18 cells (a mast cell line functionally and cytochemically similar to mucosal mast cells) or with freshly isola...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Quist RG,Ton-Nu HT,Lillienau J,Hofmann AF,Barrett KE

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently demonstrated that ritanserin, a serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist void of systemic effects, caused a significant reduction of portal pressure in conscious cirrhotic dogs. The mechanism by which ritanserin lowers portal pressure is poorly defined. We investigated the splanchnic and syst...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mastai R,Giroux L,Semret M,Huet PM

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Fish is a rich source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Although consumption of fish and n-3 PUFA has been reported to protect against the development of some types of cancer, little is known ab...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Sawada N,Inoue M,Iwasaki M,Sasazuki S,Shimazu T,Yamaji T,Takachi R,Tanaka Y,Mizokami M,Tsugane S,Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study Group.

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine if changes in intestinal motility occur during pregnancy, we studied small intestinal myoelectric activity, using monopolar electrodes, in fasted pregnant rats from day 12 to day 18 of the 22-day gestation period. We also studied fasting myoelectric activity in postpartum, nonpregnant, and castrate female...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Scott LD,Lester R,Van Thiel DH,Wald A

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) acts as a superantigen binding to class II major histocompatibility complex proteins, and this complex stimulates T cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenic effects of SEB on hepatic injury and lethal shock in mice. METHODS:SEB was administered t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Nagaki M,Muto Y,Ohnishi H,Yasuda S,Sano K,Naito T,Maeda T,Yamada T,Moriwaki H

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lamins have important roles in nuclear structure and cell signaling. Several diseases are associated with mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA in humans). Patients with familial partial lipodystrophy caused by LMNA mutations develop pancreatitis, but lamin function in the pancreas and how these mutations affect pancr...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Elenbaas JS,Bragazzi Cunha J,Azuero-Dajud R,Nelson B,Oral EA,Williams JA,Stewart CL,Omary MB

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:The neuropeptide somatostatin exerts multiple functions in the gastrointestinal tract and may also play a regulatory role in inflammatory bowel disease, as several other neuropeptides do, e.g., substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide. Therefore, the expression of somatostatin receptors was evalua...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Reubi JC,Mazzucchelli L,Laissue JA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased type III collagen deposition in all layers of the intestinal tract, including the lamina propria, is a common feature of strictures in Crohn's disease. In the present study, it was found that in comparison with fibroblasts from normal or nonstrictured but inflamed intestinal lamina propria, the fibroblasts i...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Stallmach A,Schuppan D,Riese HH,Matthes H,Riecken EO

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three generations of a kindred comprising 50 individuals are described in which recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy has occurred with high frequency. A uniform expression and complete penetrance of the trait in the women of a limited "affected" portion of the kindred (6 affected of 10 women), along with th...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Holzbach RT,Sivak DA,Braun WE

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the previous decade, comprehensive genomic analyses have yielded important insights about the genetic alterations that underlie pancreatic tumorigenesis. Whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas have confirmed the critical driver genes altered in the majority of pancreatic cancer...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Wood LD,Yurgelun MB,Goggins MG

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, and inflammation and has been associated with gastric and other cancers. Villin-positive epithelial cells are a small population of quiescent gastric progenitor cells. We expressed PPARD from a villi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Zuo X,Deguchi Y,Xu W,Liu Y,Li HS,Wei D,Tian R,Chen W,Xu M,Yang Y,Gao S,Jaoude JC,Liu F,Chrieki SP,Moussalli MJ,Gagea M,Sebastian MM,Zheng X,Tan D,Broaddus R,Wang J,Ajami NJ,Swennes AG,Watowich SS,Shureiqi

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Stimulator of Fe Transport (SFT) and transferrin receptor (TfR) are proteins involved in iron transport. This study evaluated iron metabolism protein expression in duodenal biopsy specimens from controls and patients with abnormal iron metabolism. METHODS:Twelve controls, 8 patients with iron deficie...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Barisani D,Parafioriti A,Armiraglio E,Meneveri R,Conte D

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a class of transmembrane pattern recognition receptors essential for microbial recognition and control of innate immune responses. Commensal bacteria play an important role in maintaining tolerance and active stability of the intestinal epithelial barrier by suppre...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Cario E,Gerken G,Podolsky DK

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In dogs provided with Heidenhain pouch and gastric fistula, we studied the effect of near-total excision of the fundic mucosa of the main stomach on acid secretion and gastrin release. Fundic mucosal excision abolished the mean response of the gastric fistula and reduced its maximal response to pentagastrin and to his...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Soon-Shiong P,Debas HT

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is a unique episomal replicative intermediate responsible for persistent infection of hepatocytes. Technical constraints have hampered the direct study of cccDNA maintenance and clearance mechanisms in patients. The aim of this study was ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Werle-Lapostolle B,Bowden S,Locarnini S,Wursthorn K,Petersen J,Lau G,Trepo C,Marcellin P,Goodman Z,Delaney WE 4th,Xiong S,Brosgart CL,Chen SS,Gibbs CS,Zoulim F

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have prospectively evaluated 41 patients who ingested acid for location, extent, severity, and outcome of the injury to the upper gastrointestinal tract. The injury was assessed within 36 h of acid intake by endoscopy or surgery, or at autopsy. Symptoms and signs were unreliable in predicting the extent and severit...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Zargar SA,Kochhar R,Nagi B,Mehta S,Mehta SK

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Celiac disease is a complex, immune-mediated disorder of the intestinal mucosa with a strong genetic component. HLA-DQ2 is the major determinant of risk, but other minor genes, still to be identified, also are involved. METHODS:We designed a strategy that combines gene expression profiling of intesti...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Castellanos-Rubio A,Martin-Pagola A,Santín I,Hualde I,Aransay AM,Castaño L,Vitoria JC,Bilbao JR

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:It is not clear whether H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) reduce the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in aspirin users at high risk. We performed a double-blind randomized trial to compare the effects of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) vs a H2RA antagonist in preventing recurrent upper GI bleeding a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Chan FK,Kyaw M,Tanigawa T,Higuchi K,Fujimoto K,Cheong PK,Lee V,Kinoshita Y,Naito Y,Watanabe T,Ching JY,Lam K,Lo A,Chan H,Lui R,Tang RS,Sakata Y,Tse YK,Takeuchi T,Handa O,Nebiki H,Wu JC,Abe T,Mishiro T,Ng S

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a technique that permits real-time detection and quantification of changes in intestinal tissues and cells, including increases in intraepithelial lymphocytes and fluid extravasation through epithelial leaks. Using CLE analysis of patients with irritable bowel sy...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Fritscher-Ravens A,Pflaum T,Mösinger M,Ruchay Z,Röcken C,Milla PJ,Das M,Böttner M,Wedel T,Schuppan D

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of calcium channel blockers on water transport in the rat ileum and distal colon were studied in vivo using the single-pass perfusion technique. Parenteral but not intraluminal verapamil, and parenteral nifedipine increased ileal water absorption, with effects lasting at least 60 min. In contrast, i.p. ver...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Donowitz M,Levin S,Powers G,Elta G,Cohen P,Cheng H

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose on upper gastrointestinal transit, viscosity, and water flux were studied in six dogs fistulated at the proximal duodenum and/or mid-jejunum. Combinations of different grades of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were prepared as 2% or 3.3% solutions to yield input viscosities of ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Reppas C,Meyer JH,Sirois PJ,Dressman JB

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is believed to be innervated by nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory nerves, and cholinergic excitatory nerves. In idiopathic achalasia, LES relaxation is abnormal because the inhibitory nerves to the sphincter are either absent or functionally impaired. The integrity of ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Holloway RH,Dodds WJ,Helm JF,Hogan WJ,Dent J,Arndorfer RC

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:This study attempts to elucidate a part of the genetic predisposition to the sporadic invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas focusing on the genes implicated in the gene-environment interactions in carcinogenesis. METHODS:First, 227 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 46 genes were geno...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Ohnami S,Sato Y,Yoshimura K,Ohnami S,Sakamoto H,Aoki K,Ueno H,Ikeda M,Morizane C,Shimada K,Sakamoto Y,Esaki M,Saito I,Hirose H,Saito D,Sugimura H,Kosuge T,Okusaka T,Yoshida T

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly invasive and metastatic disease for which conventional treatments are of limited efficacy. A number of agents in development are potential anti-invasive and antimetastatic agents, including the Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib. The aim of this study wa...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Morton JP,Karim SA,Graham K,Timpson P,Jamieson N,Athineos D,Doyle B,McKay C,Heung MY,Oien KA,Frame MC,Evans TR,Sansom OJ,Brunton VG

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ileocecal sphincter pressure was studied in the cat, using an open-tipped perfused catheter system. Ileocecal sphincter pressure was measured under basal conditions and in response to bethanechol or direct vagal nerve electrical stimulation. The pressure was 26.1 +/- 5.0 mmHg basally, and was unaltered by section of e...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Rubin MR,Cardwell BA,Ouyang A,Snape WJ Jr,Cohen S

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Intrahepatic bile ducts express a range of lymphocyte adhesion molecules during episodes of inflammation. This may contribute to the susceptibility of biliary epithelium to immunologic damage during liver allograft rejection, graft-versus-host disease, and primary biliary cirrhosis. However, no previo...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Leon MP,Bassendine MF,Gibbs P,Thick M,Kirby JA

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aspirin was given by continuous intravenous infusion to 35 intact cats for 7 days in doses ranging from 25 to 200 mg kg-1 day-1. Gastric mucosal lesions occurred in 50 to 70% of the animals in the various dosage groups, including deep ulcers in 20%. All of the ulcers were in antral mucosa near its border with oxyntic ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Bugat R,Thompson MR,Aures D,Grossman MI

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00