Pairing of X and Y chromosomes, non-inactivation of X-linked genes, and the maleness factor.

Abstract:

:In this paper observations are summarized and speculations discussed, and it is suggested that some loci on the distal short arm of the X chromosome (Xp) are not randomly inactivated in the female, because they are within the proximal part of the pairing segment between Xp and Yp. This peculiarity of gene expression may be a remnant of the evolutionary history of the sex chromosomes, the pairing segment of which may involve at least 27% of Xp and 95% of Yp. Crossing over seems to occur mostly in the terminal third of the X/Y pairing segment. However, crossing-over inhibition control may lapse, or may be somewhat variable, within the pairing segment, so that some loci on the X and Y (e.g. Xg. H-Y, STS, and perhaps others) might cross over with a variable frequency which is proportional to their distances from the telomeres of the short arms. It is postulated that the DNA of the pairing segment is composed in a way which may also permit unequal crossing over to occur between the X and the Y, thereby giving rise to exceptions to X-or Y-linked inheritance. The peculiarities of behaviour and the position of other loci on the sex chromosomes are also discussed briefly.

journal_name

Hum Genet

journal_title

Human genetics

authors

Polani PE

doi

10.1007/BF00303003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1982-01-01 00:00:00

pages

207-11

issue

3

eissn

0340-6717

issn

1432-1203

journal_volume

60

pub_type

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