Seasonal changes in cyclists' performance. Part II. The British Olympic track squad.

Abstract:

:In Part II of the study, the British Olympic track (sprint) squad cyclists demonstrated reductions in body fat index, % body fat and endomorphy (p greater than .05), increased Hb and PCV % (p greater than .05), and lowered HR at rest and in warm-up exercise (p greater than .05), but no change in leg power. Repeated interval sprints of short duration, maximal exercise on an "ergowheel" ergometer, at standardised power output, showed increased anaerobic index (p greater than .05) and acceleratory power (p greater than .01) but no change in sustained power output. Compared with "non-select" riders, a case study of the single "select" rider showed anthropometric differences in terms of lower height, weight, body fat index, % body fat and endomorphy, but enhanced mesomorphy and FEV %. Furthermore, the "select" rider demonstrated temporarily latent functional performance capabilities, in that increased anaerobic index, acceleratory and sustained power indices, as well as enhanced relative power output, were not identified until late in the competitive season.

journal_name

Br J Sports Med

authors

White JA,Quinn G,Al-Dawalibi M,Mulhall J

doi

10.1136/bjsm.16.1.13

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1982-03-01 00:00:00

pages

13-21

issue

1

eissn

0306-3674

issn

1473-0480

journal_volume

16

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Higher fasting plasma glucose levels within the normoglycaemic range and rotator cuff tears.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the plasma glucose levels in non-diabetic patients with rotator cuff tear. DESIGN:Frequency-matched case-control study. SETTING:University Teaching Hospital. PARTICIPANTS:The study included 194 subjects who were operated on at our institution. Group 1 included 97 consecutive patients (36 men a...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.049320

    authors: Longo UG,Franceschi F,Ruzzini L,Spiezia F,Maffulli N,Denaro V

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Injuries in sailboard enthusiasts.

    abstract::This study was carried out to determine the rate and types of injuries experienced by boardsailors. Results derive from: (a) a review of hospital medical records for water sports injuries, and (b) a questionnaire-interview of 73 athletes windsurfing on waters in the Galveston area during a hurricane and in moderate an...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.22.3.95

    authors: McCormick DP,Davis AL

    更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00

  • Validity of conventional anthropometric techniques for predicting body composition in healthy Chinese adults.

    abstract::There is little information on the application of generalized prediction equations to ethnic groups other than Europeans and groups of European descent. The purpose of this study was to crossvalidate conventional equations on a group of 56 Chinese adults. Body density was assessed by underwater weighing and also predi...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.29.1.52

    authors: Eston RG,Fu F,Fung L

    更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of exercise training on liver function in adults who are overweight or exhibit fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Exercise training has been shown to have beneficial effects on liver function in adults overweight or with fatty liver disease. To establish which exercise programme characteristics were likely to elicit optimal improvements. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials. DATA ...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096197

    authors: Smart NA,King N,McFarlane JR,Graham PL,Dieberg G

    更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00

  • A longitudinal psycho-physiological study of active and inactive men.

    abstract::After an interval of ten years, physically active and inactive male university teachers were re-examined across four measures; predicted maximum oxygen uptake, percentage body fat, personality and attitudes towards physical activity. Both groups showed a decrease in predicted oxygen uptake and an increase in body fat ...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.20.4.174

    authors: Reid RM,McGowan I

    更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00

  • Cervical disc herniation in a football player.

    abstract::A case of cervical disc herniation occurring in close association with playing football is reported. The handling of neck injuries in football players is outlined. ...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.19.1.43

    authors: Tysvaer AT

    更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00

  • Does a population-based multifactorial lifestyle intervention increase social inequality in physical activity? The Inter99 study.

    abstract:AIM:To examine the effect of a multifactorial lifestyle intervention on 5-year change in physical activity (PA) and to explore whether length of education had an impact on the effect of the intervention. METHODS:Two random samples (high intervention group A, n=11 708; low intervention group B, n=1308) were invited for...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.064840

    authors: Aadahl M,von Huth Smith L,Toft U,Pisinger C,Jørgensen T

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Do the competition rules of synchronized swimming encourage undesirable levels of hypoxia?

    abstract::Recent anecdotal reports that some synchronized swimmers have become dizzy or disorientated towards the end of their performance, and in the worst cases fainted underwater, have caused concern. However, the rules of synchronized swimming encourage slow performance of compulsory figures, and an analysis of the competit...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.29.1.16

    authors: Davies BN,Donaldson GC,Joels N

    更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00

  • Running performance, not anthropometric factors, is associated with race success in a Triple Iron Triathlon.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the influence of anthropometric parameters on race performance in ultra-endurance triathletes. DESIGN:Descriptive field study. SETTING:The Triple Iron Triathlon Germany 2006 in Lensahn over 11.6 km swimming, 540 km cycling and 126.6 km running. SUBJECTS:17 male Caucasian triathletes (mean (...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.039602

    authors: Knechtle B,Kohler G

    更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00

  • Greater glycosaminoglycan content in human patellar tendon biopsies is associated with more pain and a lower VISA score.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:People with patellar tendinopathy experience chronic pain and activity limitation, but a pertinent biochemical marker correlated with these clinical features has not been identified. The Victoria Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) questionnaire is a condition-specific patient-rated outcome measure. Since t...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092633

    authors: Attia M,Scott A,Carpentier G,Lian O,Van Kuppevelt T,Gossard C,Papy-Garcia D,Tassoni MC,Martelly I

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Meditation: a modulator of the immune response to physical stress? A brief report.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that stress reducing techniques such as meditation alter immune responses after strenous physical stress. METHODS:The hypothesis was tested by studying six meditating and six non-meditating male runners in a concurrent, controlled design. After a period of six months with meditation fo...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.29.4.255

    authors: Solberg EE,Halvorsen R,Sundgot-Borgen J,Ingjer F,Holen A

    更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00

  • Ergometer training volume and previous injury predict back pain in rowing; strategies for injury prevention and rehabilitation.

    abstract::The most commonly reported injury site in rowers is the lower back. Research in recent years has focused on epidemiology and biomechanical analyses to try and understand mechanisms that contribute to this injury's onset. Injury surveillance mainly comprises retrospective questionnaires and reviews of medical records w...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093968

    authors: Wilson F,Gissane C,McGregor A

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • Cardiovascular fitness and thermoregulation during prolonged exercise in man.

    abstract::Nine healthy male subjects differing in their training status (VO2 max 54 +/- 7 ml.min-1.kg-1, mean +/- SD; 43-64 ml.min-1 kg-1, range) exercised on two occasions separated by one week. On each occasion, having fasted overnight, subjects exercised for 1 h on an electrically braked cycle ergometer at a workload equival...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.23.2.109

    authors: Greenhaff PL

    更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00

  • Stress injury of the lunate in tennis players: a case series and related biomechanical considerations.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical and imaging differential diagnosis and tennis stroke biomechanics potentially involved in lunate stress injury pathogenesis. METHODS:The present report describes five competitive tennis players with overuse-related dorsal wrist pain assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS:Mag...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.036806

    authors: Maquirriain J,Ghisi JP

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Reduction of exercise-induced asthma in children by short, repeated warm ups.

    abstract:AIM:To study the effect of a warm up schedule on exercise-induced asthma in asthmatic children to enable them to engage in asthmogenic activities. METHOD:In the first study, peak flows during and after three short, repeated warm up schedules (SRWU 1, 2, and 3), identical in form but differing in intensity, were compar...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.33.2.100

    authors: de Bisschop C,Guenard H,Desnot P,Vergeret J

    更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • Association of white blood cell subfraction concentration with fitness and fatness.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between fitness, BMI, and neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, and eosinophil concentrations in apparently healthy, non-smoking men. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study of 452 men from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study examining the resting concentration of white blood cell su...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.050682

    authors: Johannsen NM,Priest EL,Dixit VD,Earnest CP,Blair SN,Church TS

    更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00

  • Kinesio taping in musculoskeletal pain and disability that lasts for more than 4 weeks: is it time to peel off the tape and throw it out with the sweat? A systematic review with meta-analysis focused on pain and also methods of tape application.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:In recent years, Kinesio tape has been used to support injured muscle and joints, and relieve pain. We compared the pain and disability in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain who were treated with Kinesio taping with those using minimal or other treatment approaches. METHODS:Searches of eight ma...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-094151

    authors: Lim EC,Tay MG

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • No longer lost in translation: the art and science of sports injury prevention implementation research.

    abstract::It is now understood that sports injury interventions will not have significant public health impact if they are not widely accepted and adopted by target sports participants. Although there has been increasing recognition of the need for intervention studies conducted within the real-world context of sports delivery,...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090230

    authors: Finch CF

    更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Low-load exercise training with blood flow restriction (BFR) can increase muscle strength and may offer an effective clinical musculoskeletal (MSK) rehabilitation tool. The aim of this review was to systematically analyse the evidence regarding the effectiveness of this novel training modality ...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-097071

    authors: Hughes L,Paton B,Rosenblatt B,Gissane C,Patterson SD

    更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • High incidence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in triathletes of the Swiss national team.

    abstract:AIM:To assess the progression of bronchial reactivity (BR) and incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity (BH), exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and asthma in triathletes over 2 years. METHODS:Subjects were seven athletes from the Swiss national triathlon team (mean (SD) age 24.3 (4.8) years), who initially were...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.030569

    authors: Knöpfli BH,Luke-Zeitoun M,von Duvillard SP,Burki A,Bachlechner C,Keller H

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Anthropometry, physical performance, and ultrasound patellar tendon abnormality in elite junior basketball players: a cross-sectional study.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patellar tendinopathy has been reported to be associated with many intrinsic risk factors. Few have been fully investigated. This cross-sectional study examined the anthropometric and physical performance results of elite junior basketball players with normal or abnormal patellar tendons to see if any measure...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.004747

    authors: Cook JL,Kiss ZS,Khan KM,Purdam CR,Webster KE

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • No effects of PRP on ultrasonographic tendon structure and neovascularisation in chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess whether a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection leads to an enhanced tendon structure and neovascularisation, measured with ultrasonographic techniques, in chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy. DESIGN:Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING:Sports medical department...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.076398

    authors: de Vos RJ,Weir A,Tol JL,Verhaar JA,Weinans H,van Schie HT

    更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00

  • Biological risk indicators for recurrent non-specific low back pain in adolescents.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:A matched case-control study was carried out to evaluate biological risk indicators for recurrent non-specific low back pain in adolescents. METHODS:Adolescents with recurrent non-specific low back pain (symptomatic; n = 28; mean (SD) age 14.9 (0.7) years) and matched controls (asymptomatic; n = 28; age 14....

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.009951

    authors: Jones MA,Stratton G,Reilly T,Unnithan VB

    更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00

  • Bilateral stress fractures of the ulnae in a Kendo (Japanese fencing) player.

    abstract::A case of bilateral stress fractures of the ulnae in a Kendo (Japanese fencing) player is reported; the mechanism of the fractures, particularly the difference in the site of fracture between the right and left ulna, is discussed. ...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.32.4.340

    authors: Sujino T,Ohe T,Shinozuka M

    更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00

  • Do smartphone applications and activity trackers increase physical activity in adults? Systematic review, meta-analysis and metaregression.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effectiveness of physical activity interventions involving mobile applications (apps) or trackers with automated and continuous self-monitoring and feedback. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:PubMed and seven additional databases, from 2007 to 2020. STUDY SELECTION:R...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102892

    authors: Laranjo L,Ding D,Heleno B,Kocaballi B,Quiroz JC,Tong HL,Chahwan B,Neves AL,Gabarron E,Dao KP,Rodrigues D,Neves GC,Antunes ML,Coiera E,Bates DW

    更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00

  • Voluntary fluid intake and core temperature responses in adolescent tennis players: sports beverage versus water.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine differences in ad libitum fluid intake, comparing a 6% carbohydrate/electrolyte drink (CHO-E) and water, and associated differences in core temperature and other selected physiological and perceptual responses in adolescent athletes during tennis training in the heat. METHODS:Fourteen healthy, fit...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2005.023333

    authors: Bergeron MF,Waller JL,Marinik EL

    更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • Intravascular haemolysis in the recreational runner.

    abstract::Intravascular haemolysis has been found to result from prolonged endurance competition, rigorous military training and participation in impact sports. Haematological research involving the recreational runner is sparse. Recreational runners frequently vary their training to avoid monotony and improve endurance capacit...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.25.4.183

    authors: Deitrick RW

    更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00

  • Physiological adaptations to soccer specific endurance training in professional youth soccer players.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Improved oxygen uptake improves soccer performance as regards distance covered, involvements with the ball, and number of sprints. Large improvements in oxygen uptake have been shown using interval running. A similar physiological load arising from interval running could be obtained using the soccer ball in ...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2004.012526

    authors: McMillan K,Helgerud J,Macdonald R,Hoff J

    更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00

  • Visual or computer-based measurements: important for interpretation of athletes' ECG.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:ECG is recommended for preparticipation health examination in athletes. Owing to a lack of consensus on how to read and interpret athletes' ECGs, different criteria for abnormality are used. AIMS:To compare the prevalence of abnormal ECGs and test the correlation between visual and computer-based measuremen...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093412

    authors: Berge HM,Steine K,Andersen TE,Solberg EE,Gjesdal K

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatocellular adenomas associated with anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in bodybuilders: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.

    abstract::Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are used illicitly at high doses by bodybuilders. The misuse of these drugs is associated with serious adverse effects to the liver, including cellular adenomas and adenocarcinomas. We report two very different cases of adult male bodybuilders who developed hepatocellular adenomas fo...

    journal_title:British journal of sports medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/bjsm.2004.013599

    authors: Socas L,Zumbado M,Pérez-Luzardo O,Ramos A,Pérez C,Hernández JR,Boada LD

    更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00