Codon recognition rules in yeast mitochondria.

abstract：:Scientific cinematography using ultrafast optical imaging is a common tool to study motion. In opaque organisms or structures, X-ray radiography captures sequences of 2D projections to visualize morphological dynamics, but for many applications full four-dimensional (4D) spatiotemporal information is highly desirable....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： dos Santos Rolo T,Ershov A,van de Kamp T,Baumbach T

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Residues important in the interaction between the 23-residue transmembrane (TM) domains of the integrin alpha(IIb)- and beta(3)-subunits were identified by mutating each non-Leu residue to Leu. Leu substitutions of alpha(IIb) at G972, G976, and T981, and of beta(3) at I693 and G708, increased ligand binding. Substitut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luo BH,Carman CV,Takagi J,Springer TA

更新日期：2005-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Intergroup conflict is a persistent feature of many human societies yet little is known about why individuals participate when doing so imposes a mortality risk. To evaluate whether participation in warfare is associated with reproductive benefits, we present data on participation in small-scale livestock raids among ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Glowacki L,Wrangham R

更新日期：2015-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The self-association of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein (TIR) domains has been implicated in signaling in plant and animal immunity receptors. Structure-based studies identified different TIR-domain dimerization interfaces required for signaling of the plant nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-lik...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang X,Bernoux M,Bentham AR,Newman TE,Ve T,Casey LW,Raaymakers TM,Hu J,Croll TI,Schreiber KJ,Staskawicz BJ,Anderson PA,Sohn KH,Williams SJ,Dodds PN,Kobe B

更新日期：2017-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a heritable disorder that predisposes to sudden cardiac death. LQTS is caused by mutations in ion channel genes including HERG and KCNE1, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. To clarify this situation we injected adenoviral vectors expressing wild-type or LQT mutants of HERG and KC...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoppe UC,Marbán E,Johns DC

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Cold-water conditions have excluded durophagous (skeleton-breaking) predators from the Antarctic seafloor for millions of years. Rapidly warming seas off the western Antarctic Peninsula could now facilitate their return to the continental shelf, with profound consequences for the endemic fauna. Among the likely first ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aronson RB,Smith KE,Vos SC,McClintock JB,Amsler MO,Moksnes PO,Ellis DS,Kaeli J,Singh H,Bailey JW,Schiferl JC,van Woesik R,Martin MA,Steffel BV,Deal ME,Lazarus SM,Havenhand JN,Swalethorp R,Kjellerup S,Thatje S

更新日期：2015-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscle adapts to different patterns of motor nerve activity by alterations in gene expression that match specialized properties of contraction, metabolism, and muscle mass to changing work demands (muscle plasticity). Calcineurin, a calcium/calmodulin-dependent, serine-threonine protein phosphatase, has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rosenberg P,Hawkins A,Stiber J,Shelton JM,Hutcheson K,Bassel-Duby R,Shin DM,Yan Z,Williams RS

更新日期：2004-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Leaflets of Samanea saman open and close rhythmically, driven by an endogenous circadian clock. Light has a rapid, direct effect on the movements and also rephases the rhythm. We investigated whether light signals might be mediated by increased inositolphospholipid turnover, a mechanism for signal transduction that is...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morse MJ,Crain RC,Satter RL

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interest in cell-associated collagens led others to isolate A and B collagen chains, also known as type V collagen, from many tissues, but only after pepsin cleavage. Soluble precursors of these chains are synthesized in vitro by crop, a chicken embryo muscle tissue, and are converted by at least two processing steps ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumamoto CA,Fessler JH

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo electroporation is a powerful technique for the introduction of genes into organisms. Temporal and spatial regulation of expression of introduced genes, or of RNAi, would further enhance the utility of this method. Here we demonstrate conditional regulation of gene expression from electroporated plasmids in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsuda T,Cepko CL

更新日期：2007-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypothalamic malonyl-CoA has been shown to function in global energy homeostasis by modulating food intake and energy expenditure. Little is known, however, about the regulation of malonyl-CoA concentration in the central nervous system. To address this issue we investigated the response of putative intermediates in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolfgang MJ,Cha SH,Sidhaye A,Chohnan S,Cline G,Shulman GI,Lane MD

更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether a 30S ribosomal subunitformylmethionyl-tRNA-mRNA complex is an obligatory intermediate in protein synthesis, 70S ribosomes from Escherichia coli were crosslinked with the bifunctional imidoester, dimethylsuberimidate. Crosslinked ribosomes contained covelently joined 30S and 50S subunits, as judged by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Slobin LI

更新日期：1972-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:β-Phosphoglucomutase (βPGM) catalyzes isomerization of β-D-glucose 1-phosphate (βG1P) into D-glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) via sequential phosphoryl transfer steps using a β-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate (βG16BP) intermediate. Synthetic fluoromethylenephosphonate and methylenephosphonate analogs of βG1P deliver novel step 1 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jin Y,Bhattasali D,Pellegrini E,Forget SM,Baxter NJ,Cliff MJ,Bowler MW,Jakeman DL,Blackburn GM,Waltho JP

更新日期：2014-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of heterozygosity affecting chromosome 17p has been detected at high frequencies in a variety of human tumors, including cancers of the colon, breast, lung, and brain. One presumed target of these losses is p53, a tumor suppressor gene located on 17p. To our knowledge, loss of heterozygosity has not yet been repo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meltzer SJ,Yin J,Huang Y,McDaniel TK,Newkirk C,Iseri O,Vogelstein B,Resau JH

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta plays a pivotal role in regulation of progression of cancer through effects on tumor microenvironment as well as on cancer cells. TGF-beta inhibitors have recently been shown to prevent the growth and metastasis of certain cancers. However, there may be adverse effects caused by T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kano MR,Bae Y,Iwata C,Morishita Y,Yashiro M,Oka M,Fujii T,Komuro A,Kiyono K,Kaminishi M,Hirakawa K,Ouchi Y,Nishiyama N,Kataoka K,Miyazono K

更新日期：2007-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:A pH-dependent transition between delocalized and trapped mixed valence states of an engineered CuA center in azurin has been investigated by UV-visible absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. At pH 7.0, the CuA azurin displays a typical delocalized mixed valence dinuclear [Cu(1.5).......

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hwang HJ,Lu Y

更新日期：2004-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern practice for training classification deepnets involves a terminal phase of training (TPT), which begins at the epoch where training error first vanishes. During TPT, the training error stays effectively zero, while training loss is pushed toward zero. Direct measurements of TPT, for three prototypical deepnet a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papyan V,Han XY,Donoho DL

更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Thebaine, an intermediate of morphine biosynthesis in the poppy plant, Papaver somniferum, was transformed to oripavine, codeine, and morphine by rat liver, kidney, and brain microsomes in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. The formation of morphine, codeine, and oripavine was identified by a specific RIA, HP...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kodaira H,Spector S

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study has been made of Cauchy's problem for a class of abstract parabolic differential equations. Our study is based upon a transformation that maps solutions of second-order abstract Cauchy problems into solutions of first-order. This is a preliminary report on some of the results obtained. These results include (1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donaldson JA

更新日期：1971-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fusiform face area (FFA) is a region of human cortex that responds selectively to faces, but whether it supports a more general function relevant for perceptual expertise is debated. Although both faces and objects of expertise engage many brain areas, the FFA remains the focus of the strongest modular claims and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McGugin RW,Gatenby JC,Gore JC,Gauthier I

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Rabbit chondrocyte cultures on plastic dishes are capable of depositing a cartilaginous matrix, although the matrix does not calcify unless high levels of phosphate are added to the medium. In the present study, we cultivated a pelleted mass of rabbit growth-plate chondrocytes in the presence of Eagle's minimum essent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kato Y,Iwamoto M,Koike T,Suzuki F,Takano Y

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superoxide dismutases (SODs; superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) play a key role in protection against oxygen radicals, and SOD gene expression is highly induced during environmental stress. To determine the conditions of SOD induction, the promoter of the cytosolic copper/zinc SOD (Cu/ZnSODcyt) gene w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hérouart D,Van Montagu M,Inzé D

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electrophysiological basis for higher brain activity during rest and internally directed cognition within the human default mode network (DMN) remains largely unknown. Here we use intracranial recordings in the human posteromedial cortex (PMC), a core node within the DMN, during conditions of cued rest, autobiogra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dastjerdi M,Foster BL,Nasrullah S,Rauschecker AM,Dougherty RF,Townsend JD,Chang C,Greicius MD,Menon V,Kennedy DP,Parvizi J

更新日期：2011-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the core features of human speech is that words cause listeners to retrieve corresponding visual mental images. However, whether vocalizations similarly evoke mental images in animal communication systems is surprisingly unknown. Japanese tits (Parus minor) produce specific alarm calls when and only when encoun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suzuki TN

更新日期：2018-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The total sequence of 365 amino acid residues in bovine prochymosin is presented. Alignment with the amino acid sequence of porcine pepsinogen shows that 204 amino acid residues are common to the two zymogens. Further comparison and alignment with the amino acid sequence of penicillopepsin shows that 66 residues are l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Foltmann B,Pedersen VB,Jacobsen H,Kauffman D,Wybrandt G

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both ghrelin and somatostatin (SST) inhibit glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic β-cells, but how these independent actions are regulated has been unclear. The mechanism must accommodate noncanonical ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a)-G-protein coupling to Gα(i/o) instead of Gα(q11) and dependence on en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park S,Jiang H,Zhang H,Smith RG

更新日期：2012-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:There is great interest in developing selective protein kinase inhibitors by targeting allosteric sites, but these sites often involve protein-protein or protein-peptide interfaces that are very challenging to target with small molecules. Here we present a systematic approach to targeting a functionally conserved allo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rettenmaier TJ,Sadowsky JD,Thomsen ND,Chen SC,Doak AK,Arkin MR,Wells JA

更新日期：2014-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:High molecular weight RNA (35S) isolated from avian myeloblastosis virus directs the cell-free synthesis of two prominent polypeptides of 180,000 and 76,000 molecular weight. The latter polypeptide has previously been identified as the precursor to the group-specific antigens of the virus ("gag" proteins) [Vogt, V. M....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paterson BM,Marciani DJ,Papas TS

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A decade ago it was discovered that mature birds are able to regenerate hair cells, the receptors for auditory perception. This surprising finding generated hope in the field of auditory neuroscience that new hair cells someday may be coaxed to form in another class of warm-blooded vertebrates, mammals. We have made c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stone JS,Rubel EW

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome packaging is an essential step in virus replication and a potential drug target. Single-stranded RNA viruses have been thought to encapsidate their genomes by gradual co-assembly with capsid subunits. In contrast, using a single molecule fluorescence assay to monitor RNA conformation and virus assembly in real ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borodavka A,Tuma R,Stockley PG

更新日期：2012-09-25 00:00:00