Attachment of smooth muscle cells to collagen and their migration toward platelet-derived growth factor.

abstract：:Serine is the only amino acid that is encoded by two disjoint codon sets so that a tandem substitution of two nucleotides is required to switch between the two sets. Previously published evidence suggests that, for the most evolutionarily conserved serines, the codon set switch occurs by simultaneous substitution of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rogozin IB,Belinky F,Pavlenko V,Shabalina SA,Kristensen DM,Koonin EV

更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been reported that an insulin 2 gene knockout, when bred onto nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, accelerates diabetes. We produced insulin 1 gene knockout congenic NOD mice. In contrast to insulin 2, diabetes and insulitis were markedly reduced in insulin 1 knockout mice, with decreased and delayed diabetes in heter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moriyama H,Abiru N,Paronen J,Sikora K,Liu E,Miao D,Devendra D,Beilke J,Gianani R,Gill RG,Eisenbarth GS

更新日期：2003-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Facilitation of social attraction and bonding by the evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide oxytocin is well-established in female mammals. However, accumulating behavioral evidence suggests that oxytocin may have evolved sex-specific functional roles in the domain of human social cognition. A critical question is how ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao S,Becker B,Luo L,Geng Y,Zhao W,Yin Y,Hu J,Gao Z,Gong Q,Hurlemann R,Yao D,Kendrick KM

更新日期：2016-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Sufficient conditions are found for a biinvariant operator on a compact Lie group to be bounded on L(p), 1 < p < infinity. The proof uses properties of g-functions on such a group, and an analog to the familiar relationship between differentiation and multiplication under the Fourier transform. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weiss NJ

更新日期：1971-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tetrodotoxin binding component of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel from Electrophorus electricus electroplax was purified by using a monoclonal antibody. An impure preparation of tetrodotoxin binding component was mixed with the pure monoclonal antibody, and the immune complex so formed was isolated by affinit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakayama H,Withy RM,Raftery MA

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crosses between closely related animal species often result in male hybrids that are sterile, and the molecular and functional basis of genetic factors for hybrid male sterility is of great interest. Here, we report a molecular and functional analysis of HMS1, a region of 9.2 kb in chromosome 3 of Drosophila mauritian...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liénard MA,Araripe LO,Hartl DL

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Do negative feelings in general trigger addictive behavior, or do specific emotions play a stronger role? Testing these alternative accounts of emotion and decision making, we drew on the Appraisal Tendency Framework to predict that sadness, specifically, rather than negative mood, generally, would 1) increase craving...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dorison CA,Wang K,Rees VW,Kawachi I,Ericson KMM,Lerner JS

更新日期：2020-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The origins of the five groups of living seed plants, including the single relictual species Ginkgo biloba, are poorly understood, in large part because of very imperfect knowledge of extinct seed plant diversity. Here we describe well-preserved material from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia of the previously enigmati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Herrera F,Shi G,Ichinnorov N,Takahashi M,Bugdaeva EV,Herendeen PS,Crane PR

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A critical step in the induction of apoptosis is the activation of the apoptotic initiator caspase 9. We show that at its normal physiological concentration, caspase 9 is primarily an inactive monomer (zymogen), and that activity is associated with a dimeric species. At the high concentrations used for crystal formati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Renatus M,Stennicke HR,Scott FL,Liddington RC,Salvesen GS

更新日期：2001-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Life-long protection from disease through immunization can be accomplished through individual or community protection. Individual protection is the goal for vaccination against diseases that have inanimate or animal reservoirs or that pose risks for certain populations. Community protection is the goal for vaccination...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dowdle WR,Orenstein WA

更新日期：1994-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:We have devised a class of isothermal reactions for amplifying DNA. These homogeneous reactions rapidly synthesize short oligonucleotides (8-16 bases) specified by the sequence of an amplification template. Versions of the reactions can proceed in either a linear or an exponential amplification mode. Both of these rea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Ness J,Van Ness LK,Galas DJ

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanism of tolerance to opiate drugs is poorly understood. We have used single-channel patch-clamp recordings to study opiate receptor effects on dissociated neurons from rat amygdala, a limbic region implicated in addiction processes. A 130-pS inwardly rectifying K(+)-preferring cation channel was act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen X,Marrero HG,Murphy R,Lin YJ,Freedman JE

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Dentinal repair in the postnatal organism occurs through the activity of specialized cells, odontoblasts, that are thought to be maintained by an as yet undefined precursor population associated with pulp tissue. In this study, we isolated a clonogenic, rapidly proliferative population of cells from adult human dental...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gronthos S,Mankani M,Brahim J,Robey PG,Shi S

更新日期：2000-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Myosins play countless critical roles in the cell, each requiring it to be activated at a specific location and time. To control myosin VI with this specificity, we created an optogenetic tool for activating myosin VI by fusing the light-sensitive Avena sativa phototropin1 LOV2 domain to a peptide from Dab2 (LOVDab), ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： French AR,Sosnick TR,Rock RS

更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Pre-mRNA splicing requires the function of a number of RNA-dependent ATPases/helicases, yet no three-dimensional structure of any spliceosomal ATPases/helicases is known. The highly conserved DECD-box protein UAP56/Sub2 is an essential splicing factor that is also important for mRNA export. The expected ATPase/helicas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shi H,Cordin O,Minder CM,Linder P,Xu RM

更新日期：2004-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster Polo kinase physically interacts with, and is repressed by, the Matrimony (Mtrm) protein during oogenesis. Females heterozygous for a deletion of the mtrm gene display defects in chromosome segregation at meiosis I. However, a complete absence of Mtrm results in both meiotic catastrophe and fem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonner AM,Hughes SE,Chisholm JA,Smith SK,Slaughter BD,Unruh JR,Collins KA,Friederichs JM,Florens L,Swanson SK,Pelot MC,Miller DE,Washburn MP,Jaspersen SL,Hawley RS

更新日期：2013-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The small heat-shock protein (sHSP) from Methanococcus jannaschii (Mj HSP16.5) forms a homomeric complex of 24 subunits and has an overall structure of a multiwindowed hollow sphere with an external diameter of approximately 120 A and an internal diameter of approximately 65 A with six square "windows" of approximatel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim R,Lai L,Lee HH,Cheong GW,Kim KK,Wu Z,Yokota H,Marqusee S,Kim SH

更新日期：2003-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the basis for the template specificities of the bacteriophage T3 and T7 RNA polymerases (EC 2.7.7.6), we determined the nucleotide sequences of six promoters recognized by the T3 RNA polymerase and compared them with the previously determined promoter sequences recognized by the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymer...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bailey JN,Klement JF,McAllister WT

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were raised after weaning on a vitamin D-deficient diet which used whole wheat and casein as the major protein source. For at least the first year of life, plasma calcium concentrations of these rats were the same as those of vitamin D-replete rats, and the rate of growth was normal for at least 6 months. The fol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lester GE,VanderWiel CJ,Gray TK,Talmage RV

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The species-area relationship (SAR) gives a quantitative description of the increasing number of species in a community with increasing area of habitat. In conservation, SARs have been used to predict the number of extinctions when the area of habitat is reduced. Such predictions are most needed for landscapes rather ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hanski I,Zurita GA,Bellocq MI,Rybicki J

更新日期：2013-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Two types of benzodiazepine receptors have been demonstrated in mammalian tissues, one which is localized on neuronal elements in brain and the other, on glial cells and in peripheral tissues such as kidney. In vivo administration of 3H-labeled PK 11195 [1-(2-chlorophenyl-N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline car...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Starosta-Rubinstein S,Ciliax BJ,Penney JB,McKeever P,Young AB

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblasts cultured from the skin of a patient with metachromatic leukodystrophy have been found to manifest the biochemical defect of this inborn error of metabolism, a deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Diseased cells had less than five per cent of normal arylsulfatase-A activity, while activities of other lysosomal en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter MT,Fluharty AL,Kihara H

更新日期：1969-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used a membrane-leak mass spectrometer to follow the time courses of H2 evolution and substrate reduction by nitrogenase [reduced ferredoxin:dinitrogen oxidoreductase (ATP-hydrolyzing), EC 1.18.6.1]. In the absence of added substrates, dinitrogenase passes all of its electrons to protons to form H2, but when a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liang J,Burris RH

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In feeding, aphids inject saliva into plant tissues, gaining access to phloem sap and eliciting (and sometimes overcoming) plant responses. We are examining the involvement, in this aphid-plant interaction, of individual aphid proteins and enzymes, as identified in a salivary gland cDNA library. Here, we focus on a sa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mutti NS,Louis J,Pappan LK,Pappan K,Begum K,Chen MS,Park Y,Dittmer N,Marshall J,Reese JC,Reeck GR

更新日期：2008-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:P2X receptors for ATP have a wide range of physiological roles and comprise a structurally distinct family of ligand-gated trimeric ion channels. The crystal structure of a P2X4 receptor, in combination with mutagenesis studies, has provided a model of the intersubunit ATP-binding sites and identified an extracellular...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roberts JA,Allsopp RC,El Ajouz S,Vial C,Schmid R,Young MT,Evans RJ

更新日期：2012-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Seizure activity regulates gene expression for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin (NRTN), and their receptor components, the transmembrane c-Ret tyrosine kinase and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored GDNF family receptor (GFR) alpha 1 and alpha 2 in limbic structures. We demonstrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nanobashvili A,Airaksinen MS,Kokaia M,Rossi J,Asztély F,Olofsdotter K,Mohapel P,Saarma M,Lindvall O,Kokaia Z

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A modified differential screening procedure was applied to analyze cDNA libraries of cloned helper T lymphocytes (Th) and cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). Negative and positive differential screening and RNA blot analysis were used to identify cDNA clones that were expressed preferentially in Th or CTL. Seven clones cor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kwon BS,Kim GS,Prystowsky MB,Lancki DW,Sabath DE,Pan JL,Weissman SM

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although normal fatty acids (FAs) are degraded via β-oxidation, unusual FAs such as 2-hydroxy (2-OH) FAs and 3-methyl-branched FAs are degraded via α-oxidation. Phytosphingosine (PHS) is one of the long-chain bases (the sphingolipid components) and exists in specific tissues, including the epidermis and small intestin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kitamura T,Seki N,Kihara A

更新日期：2017-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological diversity reflects an underlying molecular diversity. The molecules found in nature may be regarded as solutions to challenges that have been confronted and overcome during molecular evolution. As our understanding of these solutions deepens, the efficiency with which we can discover and/or design new treat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caporale LH

更新日期：1995-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The p53 protein is an attractive target for immunotherapy, because mutations in the p53 gene are the most common genetic alterations found in human tumors. These mutations result in high levels of p53 protein in the tumor cell, whereas the expression level of wild-type p53 in nonmalignant tissue is usually much lower....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roth J,Dittmer D,Rea D,Tartaglia J,Paoletti E,Levine AJ

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00