Abstract:
:The ocular damage in young adult mice produced by purified Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A was microscopically characterized at 1 and 5 h and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days after toxin A challenge, using light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopic techniques. Similarly to previously described infection with viable organisms, toxin A killed both epithelial and endothelial cells and induced stromal cell swelling within 5 to 24 h after application onto the nonpenetrating wounded corneal surface. Other toxin-induced damage similar to the damage produced by infection with the viable bacteria was production of electron-dense particles within the corneal stroma, dispersal of undamaged collagen fibrils, and apparent loss of stromal proteoglycan ground substance. Toxin A damage differed from infection with the viable bacteria in essentially two ways. First, more purulent exudate and more polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (PMN) infiltration of the corneal stroma were produced by infection with the viable organisms than by the toxin. Additionally, PMN did not appear within the toxin-treated corneas until 3 days after treatment, whereas in corneas infected with the viable organisms, PMN were numerous by 18 h. Secondly, toxin A produced cataract of the ocular lens, whereas infection with the viable organisms did not.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Hazlett LD,Berk RS,Iglewski BHdoi
10.1128/IAI.34.3.1025-1035.1981subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-12-01 00:00:00pages
1025-35issue
3eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa can invade corneal epithelial cells and translocates multilayered corneal epithelia in vitro, but it does not penetrate the intact corneal epithelium in vivo. In healthy corneas, the epithelium is separated from the underlying stroma by a basement membrane containing extracellular matrix protein...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00111-09
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies secreted by six hybridomas and recognizing antigenic sites on glycoproteins gC, gAB, gD, gE, and gF of herpes simplex virus type 2 were examined for their ability to protect BALB/c mice from lethal infection by the virus. Administration of monoclonal antibodies to individual glycoproteins intrape...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.3.1132-1137.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized the natural immune responses to the 19-kDa domain of merozoite surface protein 1 in individuals from an area of western Kenya in which malaria is holoendemic. We used the three known natural variant forms of the yeast-expressed recombinant 19-kDa fragment that are referred to as the E-KNG, Q-KNG,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.7.2716-2723.1996
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is responsible for the majority of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) and represents the most common bacterial infection in adults. UPEC utilizes a wide range of virulence factors to colonize the host, including the novel repeat-in-toxin (RTX) protein TosA, which is spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05713-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus nitric oxide synthase (saNOS) is a major contributor to virulence, stress resistance, and physiology, yet the specific mechanism(s) by which saNOS intersects with other known regulatory circuits is largely unknown. The SrrAB two-component system, which modulates gene expression in response to the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00570-18
更新日期:2019-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis, a causative agent of whooping cough, expresses BrkA, which confers serum resistance, but the closely related human pathogen that also causes whooping cough, Bordetella parapertussis, does not. Interestingly, B. parapertussis, but not B. pertussis, produces an O antigen, a factor shown in other mo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01629-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::C57BL/6 mice were infected intravenously with 6 X 10(3) Listeria monocytogenes organisms. As early as day 3 of infection, there was a marked reduction in the number of lymphocytes recovered from the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and thymuses of infected animals. Concomitantly, there was an increase in the number of s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.2.372-377.1984
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from patients with endocarditis and bacteremia were capable of secreting high-molecular-weight soluble peptidoglycans when grown in a minimal cell wall medium containing penicillin G. Vancomycin was not able to substitute for penicillin G in triggering this secretion. Secretion r...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.3.1112-1118.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice (BALB/cJ, C3H/HeN, and C3H/HeJ) primed with actinomycin D became highly susceptible to lethal intoxication with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). The mice underwent toxicosis and toxic shock and died. Actinomycin D-primed C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice showed equal sensitivity to SEB, suggesting that bacterial lipopo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.10.4626-4631.1994
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is proposed that binding of oral streptococci to saliva-coated hydroxylapatite (SHA) surfaces is a multifactorial process involving both specific and nonspecific receptors. In this context, specific binding is described as a high-affinity, saturable interaction between the cell and binding surface. Conversely, nons...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.44.3.653-659.1984
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility that gonococcal energy might play a role in the interaction of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells was examined. Respiratory chain inhibitors including KCN and amobarbital resulted in reduction in gonococcal association with human neutrophils. Similar results were seen wi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.3.785-790.1989
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes from normal subjects produced proinflammatory cytokines in response to stimulation with Cryptococcus neoformans yeast cells. The cytokines released after stimulation of neutrophils included interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The magnitude of the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.8.2897-2903.1996
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endotoxin-treated mice exhibit a rapid rise in the level of the serum amyloid A (SAA) protein, but this effect is not observed in endotoxin-resistant C3H/HeJ mice. To evaluate the role of lymphoid cells in the production of SAA protein, C3H/HeJ mice were adoptively transfused with endotoxin-sensitive (C3H/HeN) bone ma...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.23.1.181-183.1979
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to the capillary endothelium can cause obstruction and localized tissue damage. Occlusion of vessels in falciparum malaria infection has been related to two properties of the parasite: adhesion to endothelial cells and rosette formation. Our study on P. falc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.11.4483-4490.1992
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work we immunized mice with DNA encoding full-length Tc52 or its amino- or carboxy-terminal (N- and C-term, respectively) domain carried by attenuated Salmonella as a DNA delivery system. As expected, Salmonella-mediated DNA delivery resulted in low antibody titers and a predominantly Th1 response, as shown by...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02190-14
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of a test of endotoxic potency based upon the development of histamine hypersensitivity in mice were compared with the results obtained by testing the same materials for pyrogenicity in rabbits and lethality for chicken embryos (CELD50). The results of the histamine hypersensitization test (HHT) correlated...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.18.2.352-355.1977
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biological response to endotoxin mediated through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-MD-2 receptor complex is directly related to lipid A structure or configuration. Endotoxin structure may also influence activation of the MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling pathways of TLR4. To address this possibility, human...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.5.2940-2950.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus equi is the causative agent of strangles, the most frequently diagnosed infectious disease of horses worldwide. The disease is characterized by abscessation and swelling of the lymph nodes of the head and neck, which can literally strangle the horse to death. S. equi produces four recently acquired phage...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01079-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inactivation of sortase gene srtA in Streptococcus pneumoniae strain R6 caused the release of beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase A (NanA) from the cell wall into the surrounding medium. Both of these surface proteins contain the LPXTG motif in the C-terminal domain. Complementation with plasmid-borne srtA reversed p...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.5.2758-2765.2003
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunochemical analyses of soluble antigens derived from microaerophilous stationary phase cultures of Babesia bovis demonstrated that at least three parasite antigens were released in vitro. These antigens have molecular weights within the range of 37,000 to 40,000, fast electrophoretic mobility in the albumin and al...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.31.1.358-361.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine embryo fibroblasts (MEF) were found to secrete tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in response to stimulation with endotoxin. Endotoxin-induced TNF production by MEF was inhibited by cycloheximide. However, reversal of the effect of this inhibitor on protein synthesis results in TNF being secreted in amounts equivalent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.5.1630-1635.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality associated with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains high in humans, warranting improved treatment and prevention strategies. ALI is characterized by the expression of proinflammatory mediators and extensive neutrophil influx into the lung, followed by severe lung damage. Under...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.12.7247-7256.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that animals exposed to Streptococcus pneumoniae while recovering from influenza A virus infection exhibit exacerbated disease symptoms. However, many of the current animal models exploring dual viral and bacterial synergistic exacerbations of respiratory disease have utilized mouse-...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01943-06
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies conducted with F1 and F2 progeny of crosses between strains of inbred mice that differ greatly in their capacity to make an antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide, dextran B-1355, and lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 0113 have shown that multiple genes influence the magnitude of the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.1.56-61.1984
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisera were raised in rabbits with acid-treated Re mutant bacteria from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli and tested in a passive hemolysis assay with di- and monophosphorylated free lipid A of E. coli (LipA-Ac and LipA-HCl, respectively) coated onto sheep erythrocytes. Depending on the acid used to prepare ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.48.3.776-781.1985
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virulent Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains are invasive extracellular bacteria causing septicemia and meningitis in piglets and humans. One objective of this study was to elucidate the function of complement in innate immune defense against S. suis. Experimental infection of wild-type (WT) and C3(-/-) mice demonst...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00080-14
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucins are high-molecular-weight glycoproteins and major constituents of the mucus layer which covers the airway surface. We have studied the interactions between bacteria, mucins, and epithelial cells from the human respiratory tract. Nontypeable strains of Haemophilus influenzae were found to bind to purified airway...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.7.2485-2492.1995
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A set of four monoclonal antibodies was produced against a highly purified pepsin extract of type 5 streptococcal M protein. Three of the four antibodies cross-reacted with purified M proteins from heterologous serotypes and opsonized the respective heterologous organisms. Our studies suggest that monoclonal antibodie...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.46.1.267-269.1984
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of an extract from a helminth (Ascaris suum) in zymosan-induced arthritis (ZYA) or collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Rats and mice, respectively, received 1 mg and 0.1 mg zymosan intra-articularly (i.a.). Test groups received an A. suum extract either per os (p.o.) or intraperitoneally (i.p....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01085-07
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was used to quantitate, in milligrams per milliliter, anti-colonization factor antigen/I (CFA/I) immunoglobulin G (IgG) in acute- and convalescent-phase sera of individuals who experienced diarrhea associated with CFA/I-positive enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Purified...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.27.2.525-531.1980
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00