Abstract:
:An aminopeptidase purified to homogeneity from cytosol of rat brain cleaved dynorphins having 5-17 residues and selected proenkephalins at the Tyr-Gly bond only to release Tyr and the desTyr fragments. The enzyme protein consisted of a single polypeptide chain of Mr 103,000 and was inhibited by puromycin, bestatin, and chelating reagents to yield Ki in the micromolar range. Hydrolysis of Leu-2-naphthylamide was inhibited by Dyn 1-5 competitively (Ki, 18 microM); the Km for Dyn 1-5, the best substrate of the series, was 63.8 microM (Kcat/Km ratio 580 mM-1 min-1). Rates of N-tyrosyl release decreased with peptide size; the presence of Arg in position 6 led to 50% loss for Dyn 1-6, and the C-terminal extensions of Dyn 1-13 or 1-17 to a 98% loss in activity as compared to the pentapeptide. Rapid degradation of small peptides is consistent with a paracrine (neurotransmitter) role as compared to the postulated precursor or exocrine roles for the dynorphins with 13 residues or more.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Berg MJ,Marks Ndoi
10.1002/jnr.490110311subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-01-01 00:00:00pages
313-21issue
3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Microtubule-associated protein (MAP)1B-heterozygous (MAP1B+/-) mice are deficient in the expression of MAP1B in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and olfactory cortex. Although MAP1B+/- mice showed half the normal levels of MAP1B protein, they had no measurable amounts of phosphorylated MAP1B. High-frequency theta burst st...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20624
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In searching for possible differences in the composition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) forms in dystrophic brain, the distribution of various enzyme molecules in normal (NB) and dystrophic (DB) 129B6F1/J mouse brain has been investigated. The tissue was sequentially extracted with sa...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960115)43:2<224::AID-JNR
更新日期:1996-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolite levels in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Parkinson disease or Huntington chorea were compared with the levels in healthy controls using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. No significant differences were found for any metabolite measured in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Parkinson diseas...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4547(20000615)60:6<779::AID-JNR10>3.0
更新日期:2000-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we showed that in rat cortical neurons, chronic donepezil treatment (10 microM, 4 days) up-regulates nicotinic receptors (nAChR) and makes neurons more sensitive to the neuroprotective effect of donepezil. Here we examined the mechanism of donepezil-induced neuroprotection in neurons chronically treated wi...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21798
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and has been implicated in inter- and intracellular communication in the nervous system. The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and hydroxylamine (HOA), NO donors, on a dopamine (DA)-induced K+ current...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19971101)50:3<450::AID-JNR
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-cadherin and beta-catenin are involved in cell adhesion and cell cycle in tumor cells and neural crest. Both are expressed at key stages of Schwann cell (SC) development, but little is known about their function in the SC lineage. We studied the role of these molecules in adult rat derived SC-embryonic dorsal root g...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21528
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activation of cellular inflammatory response is tightly linked to induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), which in turn have been identified as important regulators of cellular iron metabolism. In the present study, we have used the microglia cell line BV-2 and the neuroblastoma ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21005
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed at determining, based on independent predictors of taste intensity and emotional response, whether individual personality traits could affect prediction models of overall liking and preference rank toward basic taste solutions. Sixty-seven participants rated taste intensities (TI) of four basic-taste ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24321
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotrophins may have a neuroprotective role and are probably involved in the control of axonal sprouting and synaptic plasticity. An antibody raised against a pro-sequence of nerve growth factor (NGF) was tested. In control undisturbed rats, a strong immunoreactivity was detected in scattered cells in and around the...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490350409
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macroautophagy is an evolutionally conserved membrane trafficking pathway that delivers intracellular materials to lysosomes for degradation and recycling. Rab7, as a member of the Rab GTPase superfamily, has a unique role in the regulation of macroautophagy, especially in modulating autophagy flux. The functional sta...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.24034
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody-producing hybridoma cells specifically bind to microgram quantities of antigen molecules adsorbed onto the surface of plastic microtiter plates. The binding of hybridoma cells to nonantigen is optimally below 5%, similar binding of non-antibody-producing cells is 4-7%, compared to the binding of the hybridoma...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490150312
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycolysis was blocked in the hippocampus of the otherwise unaffected rabbit by perfusion of a previously implanted thin dialysis tube with a medium containing 0.1 mM iodoacetate. The perfusate from the dialysis tube was analyzed for free amino acids with liquid chromatographic separation of ortophthaldialdehyde deriv...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490130403
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used a modified pial vessel disruption (PVD) protocol with adult male Wistar rats to mimic small-vessel stroke in the cerebral cortex. Within 3 weeks, this lesion develops into a single lacuna-like cavity, which is fluid-filled and encapsulated by reactive astrocytes. Minocycline treatment that commences 1 hr after...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23223
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prenatal and early postnatal stages represent a critical time window for human brain development. Interestingly, this window partly overlaps with the maturation of the intestinal flora (microbiota) that play a critical role in the bidirectional communication between the central and the enteric nervous systems (mic...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.24616
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the nematocyst venom of the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum on depolarization-activated currents were studies in opener crayfish muscle fibers and in cultured bovine chromaffin cells. The venom selectively and reversibly blocked the Ca(2+)-dependent K+ current (IK(Ca)) present in crayfish muscle in a do...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490420412
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus is an important brain region involved in memory and learning. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), and phospho-p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) are known to contribute to hippocampal memory/learning. The present study aimed to clarify the effects o...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24216
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the best-characterized neurotrophic substance and has recently been shown to influence cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Hippocampus and neocortex, the primary targets for these central neurons, have further been found to contain high levels of NGF. Using enzyme immunoassay and a...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490180404
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enriched populations of human microglial cells were isolated from mixed cell cultures prepared from embryonic human telencephalon tissues. Human microglial cells exhibited cell type-specific antigens for macrophage-microglia lineage cells including CD11b (Mac-1), CD68, B7-2 (CD86), HLA-ABC, HLA-DR and ricinus communis...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10253
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in executive function are at the root of most cognitive problems associated with Parkinson's disease. Because dopaminergic treatment does not necessarily alleviate deficits in executive function, it has been hypothesized that dysfunction of neurotransmitters/systems other than dopamine (DA) may be associated w...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23638
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and related catecholaminergic neurological disorders is closely associated with changes in the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Therefore, investigation of the regulation of the TH gene system should assist in understanding the pathomechanisms involved in these neurological diso...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23085
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of treatment with a high dose of nandrolone or testosterone on nerve growth factor (NGF) levels and NGF low-affinity receptor (p75-NGFr) distribution in the brain were analyzed. Nandrolone, subcutaneously injected in rats for several weeks, caused an increase of NGF levels in the hippocampus and septum and...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19970115)47:2<198::aid-jnr
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the biological differences in neural phenotype between malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) and neuroblastoma cell lines, we examined the expression of solube N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex proteins in MRT cell lines under differentiation induction with 12-...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10330
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in cell death in many neurodegenerative diseases. Diminished activity of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC), a key and arguably rate-limiting enzyme of the Krebs cycle, occurs in these disorders and may underlie decreased brain metabolism. The present st...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10756
更新日期:2003-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Reference genes are often used to normalize expression of data from real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and only a validation of their stability during a given experimental paradigm leads to reliable interpretations. The present study was thus designed to validate potentia...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22282
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been postulated that the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, provides models of PD both in vivo and in vitro. We investigated the neuroprotective effect of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (bHB), a ketone body, against r...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21021
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages play critical roles in both degenerative and regenerative processes following peripheral nerve injury. These include phagocytosis of debris, stimulation of Schwann cell dedifferentiation and proliferation, and salvage of myelin lipids for reutilization during regeneration. To better define the role of macr...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490400111
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This essay discusses the directional movements of metazoan tissue cells generally, with special emphasis on neurons, in an attempt to show that the directional movements of all share fundamental similarities. ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.490130102
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phencyclidine (PCP) is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Several studies have demonstrated that chronic NMDA receptor antagonist treatment in humans and animals can cause long-term behavioral changes that are reminiscent of negative and cognitive schizophrenia-like symptoms. The muscari...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21247
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although increased neurogenesis has been described in rodent models of focal traumatic brain injury (TBI), the neurogenic response occurring after diffuse TBI uncomplicated by focal injury has not been examined to date, despite the pervasiveness of this distinct type of brain injury in the TBI patient population. Here...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22635
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell death in outer hair cells of the mammalian inner ear induced by aminoglycoside antibiotics is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can be prevented by antioxidants. The current study investigates the role of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB pathway in cell death or survival in adult CBA mice. Kanamycin (70...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20392
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00