Natural occurrence of the mycotoxin viomellein in barley and the associated quinone-producing penicillia.

Abstract:

:In a batch of barley associated with field cases of mycotoxic porcine nephropathy and containing ochratoxin A and citrinin, the mycoflora were isolated by parallel incubation at 10 and 25 degrees C. Subsequently, the isolated cultures were checked for production of nephrotoxins (xanthomegnin, viomellein, ochratoxin, and citrinin). The nephrotoxin producers, all isolated by incubation at 10 degrees C, were comprised of one culture of Penicillium viridicatum, five cultures of Penicillium cyclopium, and one culture of Penicillium crustosum, all producing xanthomegnin and viomellein. One culture of P. cyclopium produced citrinin. Viomellein was detected in the barley at a concentration of approximately 1 mg/kg. The method of analysis for xanthomegnin and viomellein included extraction with chloroform, partitioning in hexane-acetone, and thin-layer chromatographic separation and identification. The identity of the xanthomegnin and viomellein produced by the isolated fungi and of viomellein detected in the barley was supported by infrared spectroscopy. This is the first report of viomellein as a natural contaminant of foodstuffs.

journal_name

Appl Environ Microbiol

authors

Hald B,Christensen DH,Krogh P

doi

10.1128/AEM.46.6.1311-1317.1983

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1983-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1311-7

issue

6

eissn

0099-2240

issn

1098-5336

journal_volume

46

pub_type

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