Composition and distribution of low density lipoprotein fractions in hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, normolipidemia, and familial hypercholesterolemia.

abstract：:The degradation of the plant cell wall by glycoside hydrolases is central to environmentally sustainable industries. The major polysaccharides of the plant cell wall are cellulose and xylan, a highly decorated β-1,4-xylopyranose polymer. Glycoside hydrolases displaying multiple catalytic functions may simplify the enz...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McKee LS,Peña MJ,Rogowski A,Jackson A,Lewis RJ,York WS,Krogh KB,Viksø-Nielsen A,Skjøt M,Gilbert HJ,Marles-Wright J

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:An array of photoreceptors including cryptochromes, phototropin, and phytochromes regulates various light responses in plants. Among these photoreceptors, phytochromes perceive red and far-red light by switching between two interconvertible spectral forms (Pr and Pfr). The Pfr form promotes light responses partly by d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paik I,Yang S,Choi G

更新日期：2012-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas the importance of macrophages in chronic inflammatory diseases is well recognized, there is an increasing awareness that neutrophils may also play an important role. In addition to the well-documented heterogeneity of macrophage phenotypes and functions, neutrophils also show remarkable phenotypic diversity am...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weiss M,Byrne AJ,Blazek K,Saliba DG,Pease JE,Perocheau D,Feldmann M,Udalova IA

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute and chronic injuries to the heart result in perturbation of intracellular calcium signaling, which leads to pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been implicated in the transduction of calcium signals in the heart, but the specific isoforms o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Backs J,Backs T,Neef S,Kreusser MM,Lehmann LH,Patrick DM,Grueter CE,Qi X,Richardson JA,Hill JA,Katus HA,Bassel-Duby R,Maier LS,Olson EN

更新日期：2009-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), the translocation t(11;14) is considered the cytogenetic hallmark of the disease. Recently, however, deletion of the chromosomal region 11q22-q23 has been identified as a frequent event in this type of cancer, indicating the existence of a pathogenically relevant tumor suppressor gene in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schaffner C,Idler I,Stilgenbauer S,Döhner H,Lichter P

更新日期：2000-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The reproductive activity of Trypanosoma lewisi was strikingly enhanced and sometimes prolonged for 2 days when sublethal doses of adenine were given to rats. The drug was effective when given for 5 or 7 days in the diet and/or intraperitoneally, starting one or two days before infection through two days after infecti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taliaferro WH,D'Alesandro PA

更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biconcave disk shape and deformability of mammalian RBCs rely on the membrane skeleton, a viscoelastic network of short, membrane-associated actin filaments (F-actin) cross-linked by long, flexible spectrin tetramers. Nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) motors exert force on diverse F-actin networks to control cell shapes,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith AS,Nowak RB,Zhou S,Giannetto M,Gokhin DS,Papoin J,Ghiran IC,Blanc L,Wan J,Fowler VM

更新日期：2018-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear lamins are components of the nuclear lamina, a structural scaffolding for the cell nucleus. Defects in lamins A and C cause an array of human diseases, including muscular dystrophy, lipodystrophy, and progeria, but no diseases have been linked to the loss of lamins B1 or B2. To explore the functional relevance...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coffinier C,Chang SY,Nobumori C,Tu Y,Farber EA,Toth JI,Fong LG,Young SG

更新日期：2010-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The wetting of microstructured surfaces is studied both experimentally and theoretically. Even relatively simple surface topographies such as grooves with rectangular cross section exhibit a large variety of different wetting morphologies as observed by atomic force microscopy. This polymorphism arises from liquid wed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seemann R,Brinkmann M,Kramer EJ,Lange FF,Lipowsky R

更新日期：2005-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is part of a network of interconnected cortical, hippocampal, and thalamic structures harboring spatially modulated neurons. The RSC contains head direction cells and connects to the parahippocampal region and anterior thalamus. Manipulations of the RSC can affect spatial and contextual ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Czajkowski R,Jayaprakash B,Wiltgen B,Rogerson T,Guzman-Karlsson MC,Barth AL,Trachtenberg JT,Silva AJ

更新日期：2014-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct cell-cell communication is crucial for many processes in biology, particularly embryogenesis, interactions between hematopoetic cells, and in the nervous system. This communication is often mediated by the binding of receptors to cognate ligands at a cell-cell junction. One such interaction that is very importa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qi S,Krogsgaard M,Davis MM,Chakraborty AK

更新日期：2006-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of the complex between the heme- and FMN-binding domains of bacterial cytochrome P450BM-3, a prototype for the complex between eukaryotic microsomal P450s and P450 reductase, has been determined at 2.03 A resolution. The flavodoxin-like flavin domain is positioned at the proximal face of the heme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sevrioukova IF,Li H,Zhang H,Peterson JA,Poulos TL

更新日期：1999-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that hydroxyl radicals (HO*) can be produced by H2O2 and halogenated quinones, independent of transition metal ions; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, using the electron spin resonance secondary radical spin-trapping method, we found that tetra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu BZ,Kalyanaraman B,Jiang GB

更新日期：2007-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:This study quantifies and maps the water footprint (WF) of humanity at a high spatial resolution. It reports on consumptive use of rainwater (green WF) and ground and surface water (blue WF) and volumes of water polluted (gray WF). Water footprints are estimated per nation from both a production and consumption perspe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoekstra AY,Mekonnen MM

更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Wildfire can influence climate directly and indirectly, but little is known about the relationships between wildfire and climate during the Quaternary, especially how wildfire patterns varied over glacial-interglacial cycles. Here, we present a high-resolution soot record from the Chinese Loess Plateau; this is a reco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Han Y,An Z,Marlon JR,Bradley RS,Zhan C,Arimoto R,Sun Y,Zhou W,Wu F,Wang Q,Burr GS,Cao J

更新日期：2020-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the packing efficiency at the protein-water interface by calculating the volumes of atoms on the protein surface and nearby water molecules in 22 crystal structures. We find that an atom on the protein surface occupies, on average, a volume approximately 7% larger than an atom of equivalent chemical...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gerstein M,Chothia C

更新日期：1996-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Myoglobin-mediated oxygen delivery to intracellular mitochondria is demonstrated in cardiac myocytes isolated from the hearts of mature rats. Myocytes are held at high ambient oxygen pressure, 40-340 torr (5-45 kPa); sarcoplasmic myoglobin is fully oxygenated. In this condition oxygen availability does not limit respi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wittenberg BA,Wittenberg JB

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social behavior is often shaped by the rich storehouse of biographical information that we hold for other people. In our daily life, we rapidly and flexibly retrieve a host of biographical details about individuals in our social network, which often guide our decisions as we navigate complex social interactions. Even ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Collins JA,Koski J,Nugiel T,Metoki A,Olson IR

更新日期：2017-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Integral membrane proteins that form water-filled channels through membranes often exist as aggregates of similar or identical subunits spanning the membrane. It has been suggested that the insertion into the membrane of the channel-forming domains of the subunits may impart unusual structural features to the membrane...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maher PA,Singer SJ

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In our 3D NOESY-[(1)H,(15)N,(1)H]-ZQ-TROSY experiment, the TROSY principle (transverse relaxation-optimized spectroscopy) is used in three-dimensional (3D) (15)N-resolved nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY), which enables resonance assignments by sequential nuclear Overhauser effects and the collection...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pervushin KV,Wider G,Riek R,Wüthrich K

更新日期：1999-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Competing interpretations of human origins and evolution have recently proliferated despite the accelerated pace of fossil discovery. These controversies parallel those involving other vertebrate families and result from the difficulty of studying evolution among closely related species. Recent advances in development...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hlusko LJ

更新日期：2004-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to retain in an in situ system the control mechanisms involved in synthesis of bacteriophage T4 DNA, infected cells were made permeable to nucleotides by plasmolysis with concentrated sucrose. Such preparations use exogenous deoxyribonucleotides to synthesize T4 phage DNA. As has been observed with in vivo st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wovcha MG,Tomich PK,Chiu CS,Greenberg GR

更新日期：1973-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, the multifunctional AAA ATPase p97 is part of a protein degradation complex. p97 associates via its N-terminal domain with various cofactors to recruit ubiquitinated substrates. It also interacts with alternative substrate-processing cofactors, such as Ufd2, Ufd3, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao G,Zhou X,Wang L,Li G,Schindelin H,Lennarz WJ

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA-I molecules play a central role in antigen presentation. They typically bind 9- to 12-mer peptides, and their canonical binding mode involves anchor residues at the second and last positions of their ligands. To investigate potential noncanonical binding modes, we collected in-depth and accurate HLA peptidomics da...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guillaume P,Picaud S,Baumgaertner P,Montandon N,Schmidt J,Speiser DE,Coukos G,Bassani-Sternberg M,Filippakopoulos P,Gfeller D

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the processes of autoimmune attack of tissues is important for inhibiting continued tissue destruction. In type 1 diabetes, it is not known how cytotoxic effector T cell responses evolve over time in the pancreatic islets targeted for destruction. We used two-photon microscopy of live, intact, individual isle...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Friedman RS,Lindsay RS,Lilly JK,Nguyen V,Sorensen CM,Jacobelli J,Krummel MF

更新日期：2014-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In plants, the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) transcription factor family regulates gene expression in response to auxin. In the absence of auxin, ARF transcription factors are repressed by interaction with AUXIN/INDOLE 3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) proteins. Although the C termini of ARF and Aux/IAA proteins facilitate their ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Korasick DA,Westfall CS,Lee SG,Nanao MH,Dumas R,Hagen G,Guilfoyle TJ,Jez JM,Strader LC

更新日期：2014-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptor-binding specificity of HA, the major surface glycoprotein of influenza virus, primarily determines the host ranges that the virus can infect. Influenza type B virus almost exclusively infects humans and contributes to the annual "flu" sickness. Here we report the structures of influenza B virus HA in complex ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Q,Tian X,Chen X,Ma J

更新日期：2007-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple resistance and pH adaptation (Mrp) complexes are sophisticated cation/proton exchangers found in a vast variety of alkaliphilic and/or halophilic microorganisms, and are critical for their survival in highly challenging environments. This family of antiporters is likely to represent the ancestor of cation pum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li B,Zhang K,Nie Y,Wang X,Zhao Y,Zhang XC,Wu XL

更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Fragile X syndrome, the most frequent form of hereditary mental retardation, is due to a mutation of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene on the X chromosome. Like fragile X patients, FMR1-knockout (FMR1-KO) mice lack the normal fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and show both cognitive alterations ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Restivo L,Ferrari F,Passino E,Sgobio C,Bock J,Oostra BA,Bagni C,Ammassari-Teule M

更新日期：2005-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Replication-competent viruses, such as Vaccinia virus (VACV), are powerful tools for the development of oncolytic viral therapies and elicit superior immune responses when used as vaccine and immunotherapeutic vectors. However, severe complications from uncontrolled viral replication can occur, particularly in immunoc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grigg P,Titong A,Jones LA,Yilma TD,Verardi PH

更新日期：2013-09-17 00:00:00