Abstract:
:Growing interest in cholinergic neuronal systems has caused a resurgence of thiocholine histochemical studies. Reports from different laboratories refer to "modified" Koelle-Friedenwald procedures for the histochemical localization of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) but the modifications are seldom specified. A glance at the literature suggests that there is considerable variability in results obtained in similar brain structures. We report a detailed thiocholine protocol and observations on several experimental factors which affect the sensitivity, consistency and the discreteness of localization of AChE in histological material. Attention to these factors and adherence to the protocol described here has yielded consistent results in several species, and in pre- and post-natal material. The value of AChE staining in conjunction with immunocytochemical localization of cholineacetyltransferase to study cholinergic neural structures is discussed.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
van Ooteghem SA,Shipley MTdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(84)90170-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-05-01 00:00:00pages
543-53issue
5eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(84)90170-9journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Parkinson's-diseased (PD) brains have been reported to contain increased quantities of iron within the zona compacta of the substantia nigra (SN). To test whether excess iron in the SN could cause a PD-like loss of dopaminergic neurons, various concentrations of iron were infused unilaterally within the SN of adult ma...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(92)90118-h
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of amygdaloid norepinephrine depletion by 6-hydroxydopamine on changes in corticotropin releasing factor-41 (CRF-41) and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone levels, following neural stimuli were investigated. In intact animals, photic or acoustic stimulation caused CRF-41 depletion ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(96)00174-8
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of the differentiation of electrical properties of motoneurons has been stimulated by the importance of these neurons for embryonic behavior and facilitated by their experimental accessibility. In this review, we examine the development of different patterns of excitability and their functions, and discu...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00388-9
更新日期:2000-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is an abundant synaptic signalling molecule that is essential for memory formation and the induction of synaptic potentiation. Additionally, CaMKII plays a prominent role in synaptic tagging and metaplasticity. These abilities are mediated by kinase activity as well as bi...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.10.009
更新日期:2011-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on the maturation of brain white-matter, as revealed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging carried out in healthy subjects. The review begins with a brief description of the nature of the MR signal and its possible biological underpinnings, and proceeds with a description of MR findings obtained in ne...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00434-2
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of dopamine-immunoreactive (DAir) populations in the central nervous system of the sea lamprey, a modern representative of the earliest vertebrates, was studied to achieve further understanding of dopaminergic systems in vertebrates. The first DAir cell groups appeared in the spinal cord, the posterior...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.05.004
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90305-u
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel cholinergic immunotoxin (conjugate of the monoclonal antibody 192IgG against the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor with the cytotoxin saporin) producing selective lesions of cholinergic neurons in rat basal forebrain was applied to study its effect on hippocampal and cerebral cortical cholinergic neuro...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(95)02002-9
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of intrinsic neurons in the hypothalamus containing the enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), was investigated by selective destruction of the local cell bodies with kainic acid (KA), a potent excitotoxin. The unilateral stereotaxic injection of 2 micrograms of KA into the lateral hypothal...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(89)90193-7
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were tested in the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety after a probe injection of chlordiazepoxide (CDP 5 mg/kg) following short-term (5 days) or long-term (20 days) pretreatment with 5 or 20 mg/kg/day. After short-term pretreatment with either dose, the probe dose had anxiolytic effects (it increased the % number...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90079-7
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and the release of [(3)H]noradrenaline ([(3)H]NA) in conditions of non-activated and activated nicotinic receptors in guinea-pig gastric fundus preincubated with [(3)H]NA was studied. Nicotinic receptor agonist, 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenyl-piperazinium iodide (DMPP) (100 microM) sig...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00264-6
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::miR-196a is located in the posterior trunk and plays a role in limb development. Here we show that miR-196a is able to induce eye anomaly in Xenopus laevis. Microinjection of synthetic miRNA precursor molecule for mammalian miR-196a into Xenopus embryo is sufficient for miR-196a overexpression during early development...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.12.009
更新日期:2009-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) promotes target DNA transcription in response to cellular stimulation in brain neurons. Phosphorylation of CREB is regulated by a variety of extracellular and intracellular signals. In this study, protein kinase C (PKC)-regulated CREB phosphorylatio...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.01.009
更新日期:2007-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Here we have investigated whether differences in levels of dopamine D1-like, D2-like receptors, dopamine D3 receptors, and dopamine transporter could be related to behaviors such as immobility response and locomotion between Wistar rats and Sprague-Dawley rats. The levels of the dopamine receptors and transporter were...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.01.009
更新日期:2005-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Single unit recordings were used to map the spatial distribution of motor (MI) cortical influences on thalamic somatosensory relay nuclei in the rat. A total of 215 microelectrode penetrations were made to record single neurons in tracks through the medial and lateral ventroposterior (VPM and VPL), ventrolateral (VL),...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(90)90213-j
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic mild stress (CMS) model has been used as an animal model of depression which induces anhedonic behavior in rodents. The present study was aimed to evaluate the behavioral and physiological effects of administration of beta-carboline harmine in rats exposed to CMS procedure. To this aim, after 40 days of ex...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.09.008
更新日期:2010-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Depression is a brain disorder and there is still only a partial understanding of its underlying pathophysiology. Antidepressant medications with a fast onset have not yet been developed. In addition to the monoaminergic systems, the brain glutaminergic system has been implicated in the etiology of depression. Animal ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.01.010
更新日期:2012-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Fenfluramine, an anorexigenic drug, lowers serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels in brain, spinal fluid, and blood, and has been used as a treatment for autism. Fenfluramine's mode of action is unknown. We present evidence from chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(84)90209-0
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke because it has few viable therapeutic options to intervene against primary or second brain injury. Recently, evidence has suggested that ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic form of cell death, is involved in ICH. In this study, we examined whether ICH-induced n...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.08.013
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms underlying shock-induced conditioned fear - a paradigm frequently used to model posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD - are usually studied shortly after shocks. Some of the brain regions relevant to conditioned fear were activated in all the c-Fos studies published so far, but the overlap between the activat...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.04.001
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic unit activity and gross movement were recorded from rats during two discrimination reversals in a classical appetitive conditioning situation. The anticipatory movement decreased in response to the former CS+ tone and increased to the previous CS- tone after each reversal. Hippocampus and motor cortex were dif...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(78)90003-5
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous pyrogen (EP), injected systemically or intracerebrally, evokes fever and certain changes in plasma trace metal and glycoprotein levels which are characteristic of the acute-phase reaction. It is generally assumed that EP enters the brain from the blood, although it has not yet been demonstrated that EP cros...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(83)90124-7
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Responder" Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that were sensitive to electroacupuncture (EA) in an acute thermal pain test (i.e. tail flick latency [TFL] test) maintained sensitivity to EA in the warm allodynia test after peripheral nerve injury. Similarly, the "non-responder" SD rats that were insensitive to EA in the TFL tes...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.07.006
更新日期:2007-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::This study tests the influence of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) on the initiation of horizontal and vertical saccades, alone or combined with a predictable divergence. A gap paradigm was used; TMS was applied 100 ms after target onset. TMS of the left PPC increased the ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.11.007
更新日期:2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::In experimental studies on peripheral nerve repair, the possibility to objectively compare original and post-operative innervation is of decisive importance for the selection of the proper nerve-reconstruction strategy. Herewith we report serious drawbacks encountered with the standard method of pre- and post-operativ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00411-1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of neurons induced from stem cells has been introduced as an effective strategy for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration (PNR). The evolution and role of native denervated Schwann cells (SCs) were often ignored when exploring the mechanisms underlying neural transplantation therapy for PNR. The aim of this ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.005
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rostral pons of the cat and rhesus monkey were examined for the presence of labeled cells following injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the lumbar spinal cord. Labeled cells were found in the ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum and in the contralateral ventrolateral pontine reticular formation. ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(76)90072-1
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regeneration of brain tissue remains one of the greatest unsolved challenges in medicine and by many is considered unfeasible. Indeed, the adult mammalian brain does not regenerate tissue, but there is ongoing endogenous neurogenesis, which is upregulated after injury and contributes to tissue repair. This endogen...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.05.013
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nagase genetically analbuminemic rats (NAR) were run to fatigue. Administration of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) before exhaustive exercise, resulted in a post-fatigue decreased tryptophan uptake (-22%, p < 0.05) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) uptake (-29%, p < 0.01) into the synaptosomes isolated from the striat...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00276-2
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simple tandem repeats represent more than 1% of the human genome: occasionally they exhibit intergenerational expansibility and are associated with neuromuscular diseases. In transgenic mice the same sequences elicit similar symptoms, but do not expand. We have searched for di-, tri-, and tetra-repeats in the publishe...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00581-0
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00