Abstract:
:The spectrum of cellular targets in the autoimmune diseases is both large and varied and includes among the nuclear components the so-called Sm and RNP antigens associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. The use of immunoaffinity chromatography with dual specificity for the Sm and RNP antigens has allowed for their substantial purification from rabbit thymus in parallel and in quantity. In lieu of a functional assay, the use of a counterimmunoelectrophoresis assay provided a sensitive and rapid means of monitoring the distribution of the two antigens during purification and ensured the isolation of complexes containing the components required for antigenicity. The resulting purified complex consisted of nine polypeptides having molecular weights of approximately 9000 to 44,000 and two small RNAs of similar size. However, limited proteolysis of the isolated complex suggested that most of these polypeptides were not actually required for antigenic activity. Unlike Sm in crude thymus extracts, purified Sm was RNase sensitive. Thus, one of the major diagnostic criteria used to distinguish Sm and RNP antigens in crude extracts was shown to be invalid for purified material, suggesting that both antigens from rabbit thymus are actually ribonucleoprotein complexes.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
White PJ,Gardner WD,Hoch SOdoi
10.1073/pnas.78.1.626subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-01-01 00:00:00pages
626-30issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Recent findings suggest that neurons can efficiently repair oxidatively damaged DNA, and that both DNA damage and repair are enhanced by activation of excitatory glutamate receptors. However, in pathological conditions such as ischemic stroke, excessive DNA damage can trigger the death of neurons. Oxidative DNA damage...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1204156109
更新日期:2012-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Exposures to ambient and household fine-particulate matter (PM2.5) together are among the largest single causes of premature mortality in India according to the Global Burden of Disease Studies (GBD). Several recent investigations have estimated that household emissions are the largest contributor to ambient PM2.5 exp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1900888116
更新日期:2019-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Proteolytic removal of the pre-segment from growing nascent chains of pre-human placental lactogen (hPL) occurred during in vitro translation of placental mRNA if crude membranes derived from ascites lysates, dog pancreas, or rat liver rough endoplasmic reticulum were added to the translation mixtures. The cotranslati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.9.4225
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current structural genomics projects are yielding structures for proteins whose functions are unknown. Accordingly, there is a pressing requirement for computational methods for function prediction. Here we present PHUNCTIONER, an automatic method for structure-based function prediction using automatically extracted f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0404569101
更新日期:2004-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::How much free energy is irreversibly lost during a thermodynamic process? For deterministic protocols, lower bounds on energy dissipation arise from the thermodynamic friction associated with pushing a system out of equilibrium in finite time. Recent work has also bounded the cost of precisely moving a single degree o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1915676117
更新日期:2020-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Prior studies have identified a subset of dendritic cells in human blood, as well as their stimulatory function for T-cell-mediated immune responses. However research has been limited by difficulties in isolation, since dendritic cells make up only 0.1-1% of blood mononuclear cells. We present a protocol that reliably...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.19.7698
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinniol [1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)benzene], a toxin produced by fungi of the Alternaria group, causes symptoms in plants that resemble those induced by the fungi. The phytotoxin binds to carrot protoplasts and isolated membranes in a saturable and reversible manner. Receptor o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.16.5932
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiviral drugs targeting viral proteins often result in prompt selection for resistance. Moreover, the number of viral targets is limited. Novel antiviral targets are therefore needed. The unique characteristics of fusion between virion envelopes and cell membranes may provide such targets. Like all fusing bilayers, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1010026107
更新日期:2010-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes regulate synaptic transmission through controlling neurotransmitter concentrations around synapses. Little is known, however, about their roles in neural circuit development. Here we report that Bergmann glia (BG), specialized cerebellar astrocytes that thoroughly enwrap Purkinje cells (PCs), are essential ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1617330114
更新日期:2017-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Recent functional imaging studies have revealed coactivation in a distributed network of cortical regions that characterizes the resting state, or default mode, of the human brain. Among the brain regions implicated in this network, several, including the posterior cingulate cortex and inferior parietal lobes, have al...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0308627101
更新日期:2004-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::GTP hydrolysis by elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), a translational GTPase that delivers aminoacyl-tRNAs to the ribosome, plays a crucial role in decoding and translational fidelity. The basic reaction mechanism and the way the ribosome contributes to catalysis are a matter of debate. Here we use mutational analysis in co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1412676111
更新日期:2014-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::The dnaZX gene of Escherichia coli directs the synthesis of two proteins, DnaZ and DnaX. These products are confirmed as the gamma and tau subunits of DNA polymerase III because antibody to a synthetic peptide present in both the DnaZ and DnaX proteins reacts also with the gamma and tau subunits of holoenzyme. To char...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.9.2713
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myoglobin-mediated oxygen delivery to intracellular mitochondria is demonstrated in cardiac myocytes isolated from the hearts of mature rats. Myocytes are held at high ambient oxygen pressure, 40-340 torr (5-45 kPa); sarcoplasmic myoglobin is fully oxygenated. In this condition oxygen availability does not limit respi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7503
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite decades of declining crime rates, longstanding tensions between police and the public continue to frustrate the formation of cooperative relationships necessary for the function of the police and the provision of public safety. In response, policy makers continue to promote community-oriented policing (COP) an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1073/pnas.1910157116
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article discusses some of the similarities between work being done by economists and by physicists seeking to contribute to economics. We also mention some of the differences in the approaches taken and seek to justify these different approaches by developing the argument that by approaching the same problem from...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.022582899
更新日期:2002-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Promoters whose temporal activity can be directly manipulated in transgenic animals provide a tool for the study of gene functions in vivo. We have evaluated a tetracycline-responsive binary system for its ability to temporally control gene expression in transgenic mice. In this system, a tetracycline-controlled trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.20.9302
更新日期:1994-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Up-regulation of the folding machinery of the heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperone protein is crucial for cancer progression. The two Hsp90 isoforms (α and β) play different roles in response to chemotherapy. To identify isoform-selective inhibitors of Hsp90(α/β)/cochaperone p23 interactions, we developed a dual-lu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1205459109
更新日期:2012-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Complete sequences for the intergenic regions of the genome of human respiratory syncytial virus were obtained by dideoxynucleotide sequencing using synthetic oligonucleotides. These experiments established that the 10 respiratory syncytial viral genes are arranged, without additional intervening genes, in the order 3...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.13.4594
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related hearing loss and noise-induced hearing loss are major causes of human morbidity. Here we used genetics and functional studies to show that a shared cause of these disorders may be loss of function of the ATP-gated P2X(2) receptor (ligand-gated ion channel, purinergic receptor 2) that is expressed in sensor...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1222285110
更新日期:2013-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of a photosensitive blocking group for the carboxyl function of neurotransmitters, in this case glycine, is reported. The compound, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl glycine ester (caged glycine), is photolyzed by a laser pulse at 308 or 337 nm within 3 microseconds and with a product quantum yield of 0.2. The com...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.23.11074
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retrieval of recently acquired declarative memories depends on the hippocampus, but with time, retrieval is increasingly sustainable by neocortical representations alone. This process has been conceptualized as system-level consolidation. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we assessed over the course of thre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0507774103
更新日期:2006-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::The human cerebral cortex contains many cell types that likely underwent independent functional changes during evolution. However, cell-type-specific regulatory landscapes in the cortex remain largely unexplored. Here we report epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of the two main cortical neuronal subtypes, glutamat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2011884117
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::We argue that folding of the compact domains of proteins can occur with adequate rapidity in the absence of a unique directed mechanism, provided that native-like local structure dominates the folding process. We further suggest that the evolution of amino acid sequences should favor multiple paths to the folded state...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.12.4028
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The shape of a plant is largely determined by regulation of lateral branching. Branching architecture can vary widely in response to both genotype and environment, suggesting regulation by a complex interaction of autonomous genetic factors and external signals. Tillers, branches initiated at the base of grass plants,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1102819108
更新日期:2011-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Taz1 is a hybrid signal-transducing membrane receptor between Tar, an aspartate chemoreceptor, and EnvZ, an osmosensor of Escherichia coli that is able to induce ompC expression by phosphorylating OmpR (a transcriptional activator) in response to aspartate. When the Taz1 His-277, the proposed autophosphorylation site ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.24.11057
更新日期:1991-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) have been proposed to transport hydrophobic chemicals from air to olfactory or taste receptors. They have been isolated from several sensory organs of a wide range of insect species. The x-ray structure of CSPMbraA6, a 112-aa antennal protein from the moth Mamestra brassicae (Mbra), was sh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0836654100
更新日期:2003-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Fetal cells, potentially usable for prenatal diagnosis, were sorted from maternal blood samples taken as early as 15 weeks of gestation. Immunogenetic and cytogenic criteria established the fetal origin of the observed cells: Y-chromatin-containing (male) cells were detected in the sorted sample if and only if the new...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.3.1453
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To date, numerous inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease have been reported, but few have been studied extensively in humans, primarily as a consequence of poor oral bioavailability in animal models. L-735,524 represents a class of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors, termed...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.9.4096
更新日期:1994-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::C-1027 is an enediyne antitumor antibiotic composed of four distinct moieties: an enediyne core, a deoxy aminosugar, a beta-amino acid, and a benzoxazolinate moiety. We now show that the benzoxazolinate moiety is derived from chorismate by the sequential action of two enzymes-SgcD, a 2-amino-2-deoxyisochorismate (ADIC...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0708750105
更新日期:2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence suggests cancer cells exhibit a dependency on metabolic pathways regulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Nevertheless, how the regulation of this metabolic cofactor interfaces with signal transduction networks remains poorly understood in glioblastoma. Here, we report nicotinamide ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1610921114
更新日期:2016-12-20 00:00:00