Abstract：
:One pathway by which tryptophan is metabolized in the brain as well as in the periphery is through cleavage of the indole ring to formylkynurenine and then kynurenine. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, the enzyme that catalyzes this cleavage, and kynurenine are distributed all across the different anatomic regions of brain. Approximately 40% of the kynurenine in brain is synthesized there, the remainder having come from plasma. Tryptophan loading, which has been used both experimentally and therapeutically as a means of increasing tryptophan conversion to serotonin, also increases kynurenine formation in the brain and in the periphery. Because of the formation of kynurenine, which competes for cerebral transport and cellular uptake of L-tryptophan, and because of substrate inhibition on tryptophan hydroxylase, excessively high doses of tryptophan may actually decrease the production of cerebral serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Gál EM,Sherman ADdoi
10.1007/BF00964611subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-03-01 00:00:00pages
223-39issue
3eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In a study of the role of taurine in the genesis of epilepsy the effects of metrazol-induced convulsions on the uptake and distribution of taurine in the brain were measured. In vivo we found no significant uptake of taurine in the mouse brain; in rabbit brain in most areas significant taurine uptake was found. The ph...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964640
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the main pathological symptoms of early diabetic retinal neuropathy is retina neuronal apoptosis. In the present work we investigated the effects of indoleamine hormone melatonin, a powerful free radical scavenger, on streptozotocin-induced retina neuronal cell apoptosis in high blood glucose rat. After melaton...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0966-z
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro model of anoxia-induced brain damage was utilized to help elucidate the biochemical basis of cell damage due to reduced oxygen availability. Previous studies suggest that anoxia-induced damage may vary presynaptically, post-synaptically or in the cell body. Thus, the consequences of an anoxic treatment inc...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00972482
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the expression patterns of glial cells and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in the rat spinal cord after a surgical incision, which is closely related with clinical postoperative pain. Microglia and astrocytes became activated in the spinal cord following incision. Real-time polymerase chain...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-005-9032-4
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(E)-2-(1-hydroxyl-4-oxocyclohexyl) ethyl caffeine (HOEC), a naturally caffeic ester isolated from Incarvillea mairei, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity by targeting 5-lipoxygenase. However, its other potential activities have yet to be explored. In this study, we measured antioxidant activity of ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-014-1498-5
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Detergents Triton X-100, sodium deoxycholate, and octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and proteinase papain proved to be excellent agents solubilizing the gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) from human brain cortex microvessels. Ficin also solubilized gamma-GT but to a lesser extent than papain. The relative molecular mass...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964524
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid and specific method for assaying 4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase was developed. The method was based on the selectivity of ion exchange resin and the speed of vacuum filtration. With this new method, the aminotransferase activity in various tissues has been determined as follows: brain, 10.2; s...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964061
更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The significant increase of free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was found in rat cerebral cortex synaptosomes and hippocampal crude synaptosomal fraction after their exposure to glutamate. But no change of [Ca2+]i was revealed in cerebellar synaptosomes, the slight increase of [Ca2+]i in striatal synaptosomes was not...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020752101736
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DYT1 dystonia is caused by a glutamic acid deletion (ΔE) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein torsinA. Previous studies suggest that torsinA modulates the aggregation of cytosolic misfolded proteins and ER stress responses, although the mechanisms underlying those effects remain unclear. In order to investigate t...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-010-0363-4
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) inhibits carbachol-stimulated phosphoinositide breakdown in rat brain cortical slices but not in isolated membranes (1). To gain insight into the mechanisms, we examined the effects of NMDA on carbachol-stimulated [3H]inositol phosphate and intermediates of phosphatidylinositol cycle accumu...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022426204583
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Fatty Acid method was used to determine whether incorporation of plasma radiolabeled arachidonic acid into brain phospholipids is controlled by phospholipase A2. Awake rats received an i.v. injection of a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, manoalide (10 mg/kg), and then were infused i.v. with [1-(14)C]arachidonate or [3H...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020788031720
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress is one of the major hallmark reasons underlying brain dysfunction. In the present manuscript, we have used CoCl2-induced hypoxic mice to investigate alterations in the activities of chief antioxidative stress enzymes- superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and expression of thei...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-014-1388-x
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that 5-methyltetrahydrofolate influences neuro-secretion. The present study more precisely characterises the processes involved and considers one probable site of action. Focusing on the tyrosine-noradrenalin axis in cerebellum we showed 5-methyltetrahydrofolate causes a significant reduction ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01705542
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of isoproterenol, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin on the accumulation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) was studied in homogeneous neuronal cultures from 8-day chick embryo hemispheres. Among the catecholamines, isoproterenol had a more pronounced effect on the accumulation of cAMP. Norepineph...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00966167
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of astrocytic K(+) uptake for extracellular K(+) ([K(+)](e)) clearance during neuronal stimulation or pathophysiological conditions is increasingly acknowledged. It occurs by preferential stimulation of the astrocytic Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, which has higher K(m) and V(max) values than its neuronal counterpa...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0938-3
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Social isolation is one of the most potent stressors in the prepubertal period and may influence disease susceptibility or resilience in adulthood. The glucocorticoid response and, consequently, the adaptive response to stress involve important changes in mitochondrial functions and apoptotic signaling. Previous studi...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0915-x
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic brain injury continues to be of major concern in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery for congenital heart disease. Striatum and hippocampus are particularly vulnerable to injury during these processes. Our hypothesis is that the neuronal injury resulting from CPB and the associated circul...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-014-1399-7
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) plays a pivotal role in neuronal migration and differentiation, and in axonal elongation. Although many studies have been conducted to analyze neuronal functions of Cdk5, its kinase activity has also been reported during oligodendrocyte differentiation, which suggests Cdk5 may play an ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-010-0391-0
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of oxidative stress, induced by Fe(2+)-EDTA system, on Na+,K(+)-ATPase, Na+/CA2+ exchanger and membrane fluidity of synaptosomes was investigated. Synaptosomes isolated from gerbil whole forebrain were incubated in the presence of 200 microM FeSO4-EDTA per mg of protein at 37 degrees C for 30 min. The oxida...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021918931780
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) is an irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase and a surrogate of the organophosphorus (OP) nerve agent sarin. The neurotoxicity of DFP was assessed as a reduction of population spike (PS) area elicited by synaptic stimulation in acute hippocampal slices. Two classical antidote...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-015-1729-4
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cortical cup model with continuous perfusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (containing 134 mM NaCl) was used to investigate the effects of anion channel blockers on the hyposmotically-induced release of amino acids from the in vivo rat cerebral cortex. The hyposmotic stimulus (25 mM NaCl) evoked a release of tau...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020902104056
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study examined (a) whether there is sex difference in spinal cord and plasma oxidative stress profiles in Dark Agouti rats immunised for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the principal experimental model of multiple sclerosis, and (b) whether there is correlation between the oxidative stress in spin...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-016-2094-7
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human formyl peptide receptor like 1 (FPRL-1) is a variant of the Gi-coupled formyl-peptide receptor. Functional FPRL-1 is endogenously expressed in the U87 astrocytoma cell line and there is accumulating evidence to suggest that FPRL-1 may be involved in neuroinflammation associated with the pathogenesis of Alzhe...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-007-9425-7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic thiamine deprivation in the rat leads to ataxia, loss of righting reflex and neuropathological damage to lateral vestibular nucleus. Before onset of neurological symptoms, transketolase (TK) activities were found to be selectively reduced by 25% in lateral vestibular nucleus and surrounding pons. Further progr...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00972141
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of cholinergic muscarinic receptors results in an increased turnover of membrane inositol phospholipids. In rat cerebral cortex slices, carbachol- and acetylcholine-induced inositol phosphates ([3H]InsPs) accumulation is maximal in 7 day-old rats and lowest in adults, while the density of muscarinic binding...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00969181
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We observed that AP-3, an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors, reduced carbachol-induced hydrolysis of phospholipids in hippocampal slices. This inhibition could be explained in different ways, e.g.: 1) AP-3 acts also as antagonist of muscarinic receptors mediating the hydrolysis of phospholipids induced by...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022423415238
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood-brain barrier formed by brain capillary endothelial cells, being in contact with astrocytes endfeet and pericytes, separates extracellular fluid from plasma. Supply of necessary nutrients and removal of certain metabolites takes place due to the activity of transporting proteins from ABC (ATP binding cassette) a...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11064-016-2030-x
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c) as well as its effect on glutamate secretion in rat hippocampal astrocytes have been the aim of the present research. Our results show that 100 microM H2O2 induces an increase in [Ca2+]c, that remains at an elevated level while th...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-006-9078-y
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kv1.3 is a voltage gated potassium channel that has been implicated in pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study we investigated temporal and cellular expression pattern of this channel in the lumbar part of spinal cords of animals with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal mod...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-018-2509-8
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gangliosides, the acidic glycosphingolipids (GSLs) containing N-acetylgalactosamine and sialic acid are ubiquitous in the central nervous system. At least six DSL-glycosyltransferase activities (GLTs Gangliosides, the acidic glycosphingolipids (GSLs) containing N-acetylgalactosamine and sialic acid (or NAc-Neuraminic ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0762-9
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
