Promoters regulated by the glnG (ntrC) and nifA gene products share a heptameric consensus sequence in the -15 region.

abstract：:The mechanism of proton transfer from the bulk into the membrane protein interior was studied. The light-induced reduction of a bound ubiquinone molecule Q(B) by the photosynthetic reaction center is accompanied by proton trapping. We used kinetic spectroscopy to measure (i) the electron transfer to Q(B) (at 450 nm), ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gopta OA,Cherepanov DA,Junge W,Mulkidjanian AY

更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells transformed by Friend virus in liquid suspension culture respond to low concentrations of dimethylsulfoxide by initiating hemoglobin synthesis. The kinetics of appearance of such differentiated erythroid cells is consistent with either the induction of differentiation in a uniformly susceptible population of tra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Singer D,Cooper M,Maniatis GM,Marks PA,Rifkind RA

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Linkage disequilibrium between polymorphisms in a natural population may result from various evolutionary forces, including random genetic drift due to sampling of gametes during reproduction, restricted migration between subpopulations in a subdivided population, or epistatic selection. In this report, we present evi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirby DA,Muse SV,Stephan W

更新日期：1995-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The fifth exons of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes encode a transmembrane domain (TM) that is largely responsible for class I antigen cell-surface expression usually through conventional hydrophobic amino acid-membrane interactions or, less often, through phosphatidylinositol linkage. In this repo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crew MD,Filipowsky ME,Neshat MS,Smith GS,Walford RL

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrotic diseases are not well-understood. They represent a number of different diseases that are characterized by the development of severe organ fibrosis without any obvious cause, such as the devastating diseases idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and scleroderma. These diseases have a poor prognosis comparable wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wernig G,Chen SY,Cui L,Van Neste C,Tsai JM,Kambham N,Vogel H,Natkunam Y,Gilliland DG,Nolan G,Weissman IL

更新日期：2017-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The circadian rhythms of melatonin and body temperature are set to an earlier hour in women than in men, even when the women and men maintain nearly identical and consistent bedtimes and wake times. Moreover, women tend to wake up earlier than men and exhibit a greater preference for morning activities than men. Altho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duffy JF,Cain SW,Chang AM,Phillips AJ,Münch MY,Gronfier C,Wyatt JK,Dijk DJ,Wright KP Jr,Czeisler CA

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental in vivo tumor models are essential for comprehending the dynamic process of human cancer progression, identifying therapeutic targets, and evaluating antitumor drugs. However, current rodent models are limited by high costs, long experimental duration, variability, restricted accessibility to the tumor, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hagedorn M,Javerzat S,Gilges D,Meyre A,de Lafarge B,Eichmann A,Bikfalvi A

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibody specific for the native form of Chinese hamster hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT; IMP:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.8) was used to detect the synthesis of HPRT protein in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate translation system primed with mRNA from Chinese hamster tissues and c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Melton DW,Konecki DS,Ledbetter DH,Hejtmancik JF,Caskey CT

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss the pulling force f required to extrude a lipid tube from a living cell as a function of the extrusion velocity L. The main feature is membrane friction on the cytoskeleton. As recently observed for neutrophils, the tether force exhibits a "shear thinning" response over a large range of pulling velocities, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brochard-Wyart F,Borghi N,Cuvelier D,Nassoy P

更新日期：2006-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A primary muscle cell culture derived from newborn rabbit muscle and growing on microcarriers in suspension was established. When cultured for several weeks, the myotubes in this model develop the completely adult pattern of fast myosin light and heavy chains. When Ca2+ ionophore is added to the culture medium on day ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kubis HP,Haller EA,Wetzel P,Gros G

更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Male chickens with the henny feathering trait have a female feathering pattern. In two henny-feathered breeds, the Sebright bantam and the Golden Campine, the synthesis of estrogen is increased as a consequence of increased activity of aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that converts androgen to estrogen. The activi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leshin M

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sca-1 (stem cell antigen-1) enriches for murine prostate cells capable of regenerating tubular structures containing basal and luminal cell lineages in a dissociated cell prostate regeneration system. Sca-1(+) fractions are enriched for cells at the G(0) stage of the cell cycle, and Sca-1(+) cells cluster in the proxi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xin L,Lawson DA,Witte ON

更新日期：2005-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurotrophin (NT) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in the formation of long-term potentiation (LTP). Here, we address whether this modulation by BDNF requires its continuous presence, or whether a local increase in BDNF is necessary during a specific time period of LTP initiation. U...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gärtner A,Staiger V

更新日期：2002-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Before they even speak, infants become attuned to the sounds of the language(s) they hear, processing native phonetic contrasts more easily than nonnative ones. For example, between 6 to 8 mo and 10 to 12 mo, infants learning American English get better at distinguishing English and [l], as in "rock" vs. "lock," relat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schatz T,Feldman NH,Goldwater S,Cao XN,Dupoux E

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormal H2O2 levels are closely related to many diseases, including inflammation and cancers. Herein, we simultaneously load HRP and its substrate, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), into liposomal nanoparticles, obtaining a Lipo@HRP&ABTS optical nanoprobe for in vivo H2O2-responsive chrom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen Q,Liang C,Sun X,Chen J,Yang Z,Zhao H,Feng L,Liu Z

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Improving global yields of important agricultural crops is a complex challenge. Enhancing yield and resource use by engineering improvements to photosynthetic carbon assimilation is one potential solution. During the last 40 million years C(4) photosynthesis has evolved multiple times, enabling plants to evade the cat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whitney SM,Sharwood RE,Orr D,White SJ,Alonso H,Galmés J

更新日期：2011-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription and processing of mitochondrial 21S rRNA in a petite strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been examined by electron microscopic analysis of R-loop hybrids and by hybridization of labeled mitochondrial DNA probes to RNA transferred to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper. We have shown the presence of a large...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Merten S,Synenki RM,Locker J,Christianson T,Rabinowitz M

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their relative simplicity, bacteria have complex anatomy at the subcellular level. At the cell poles of Caulobacter crescentus, a 177-amino acid (aa) protein called PopZ self-assembles into 3D polymeric superstructures. Remarkably, we find that this assemblage interacts directly with at least eight different p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holmes JA,Follett SE,Wang H,Meadows CP,Varga K,Bowman GR

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1,3-1,4-beta-glucanase from Bacillus macerans (wtGLU) and the 1, 4-beta-xylanase from Bacillus subtilis (wtXYN) are both single-domain jellyroll proteins catalyzing similar enzymatic reactions. In the fusion protein GluXyn-1, the two proteins are joined by insertion of the entire XYN domain into a surface loop of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aÿ J,Götz F,Borriss R,Heinemann U

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Activins and inhibins, members of the type beta transforming growth factor superfamily of growth regulatory proteins, are produced in multiple tissues and affect diverse physiologic processes. Using embryonic stem cell technology, we previously demonstrated that inhibin can function as a gonadal tumor suppressor. In t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matzuk MM,Finegold MJ,Mather JP,Krummen L,Lu H,Bradley A

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpesvirus extracted from a naturally occurring frog renal carcinoma (Lucké tumor) induced virus-free Lucké tumors in developing frogs. Herpesvirus recovered from an induced tumor after incubation at low temperature of tumor fragments cultured in vitro was oncogenic when injected into developing frog embryos. With th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Naegele RF,Granoff A,Darlington RW

更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenatal unilateral enucleation in mammals causes an extensive anatomical reorganization of visual pathways. The remaining eye innervates the entire extent of visual subcortical and cortical areas. Electrophysiological recordings have shown that the retino-geniculate connections are retinotopically organized and genic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bisti S,Trimarchi C

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits a remarkably robust and pantropic infectivity, mediated by its coat protein, VSV-G. Using this property, recombinant forms of VSV and VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors are being developed for gene therapy, vaccination, and viral oncolysis and are extensively used for gene transd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finkelshtein D,Werman A,Novick D,Barak S,Rubinstein M

更新日期：2013-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The detrimental effects of elevated intensities of mid-UV radiation (UVB), a result of stratospheric ozone depletion during the austral spring, on the primary producers of the Antarctic marine ecosystem have been well documented. Here we report that natural populations of Antarctic zooplankton also sustain significant...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malloy KD,Holman MA,Mitchell D,Detrich HW 3rd

更新日期：1997-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Programmed death-1 (PD-1) regulates T cell exhaustion during chronic infections. Blocking the PD-1:PD-ligand (PD-L) pathway reinvigorates exhausted CD8 T cells. Exactly how blocking PD-1:PD-L interactions improves T cell immunity, however, remains unclear. PD-1:PD-L blockade could reprogram all exhausted T cells to be...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blackburn SD,Shin H,Freeman GJ,Wherry EJ

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:As the rate and magnitude of climate change accelerate, understanding the consequences becomes increasingly important. Species distribution models (SDMs) based on current ecological niche constraints are used to project future species distributions. These models contain assumptions that add to the uncertainty in model...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wiens JA,Stralberg D,Jongsomjit D,Howell CA,Snyder MA

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Terrorist attacks often fuel online hate and increase the expression of xenophobic and antiminority messages. Previous research has focused on the impact of terrorist attacks on prejudiced attitudes toward groups linked to the perpetrators as the cause of this increase. We argue that social norms can contain the expre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Álvarez-Benjumea A,Winter F

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Some of the most important impacts of global climate change will be felt among the populations, predominantly in developing countries, referred to as "subsistence" or "smallholder" farmers. Their vulnerability to climate change comes both from being predominantly located in the tropics, and from various socioeconomic,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morton JF

更新日期：2007-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell aggregation in Dictyostelium discoideum appears to involve the production and detection of 3':5'-cyclic AMP. Two pertinent catalytic activities have been studied in concentrates from D. discoideum purified 50- to 100-fold. They are (i) adenylate cyclase and (ii) ATP pyrophosphohydrolase. ATP pyrophosphohydrolase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rossomando EF,Sussman M

更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified and isolated a presumptive leukemogenic provirus from myeloblasts of a chicken in which leukemia had been induced by avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV). Leukemic myeloblasts isolated from peripheral blood or from converted yolk sac cultures of various strains of chickens, regardless of the endogenous ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Souza LM,Komaromy MC,Baluda MA

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00