Progesterone and estrogens in rat brain: modulation of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptor activity.

abstract：:The release of endogenous aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was investigated in synaptosomes prepared from various regions of the rat brain. The basal release of Asp, Glu and GABA from various regions was 12-35, 24-107 and 15-43 pmol/min per mg protein, respectively. Exposure ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kamisaki Y,Hamahashi T,Hamada T,Maeda K,Itoh T

更新日期：1992-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrical stimulation produced a contraction in the isolated guinea-pig vas deferens. This response was blocked by tetrodotoxin, guanethidine and bretylium but not by atropine. The magnitude of the contractile response to electrical stimulation depended on the concentration of the external calcium. Sulfur-containing ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Morishita H,Sugiyama M,Furukawa T

更新日期：1983-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Levcromakalim was more potent at relaxing rat small mesenteric arteries with endothelium (EC50, 84+/-10 nM) than denuded vessels (EC50, 779+/-101 nM). The cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR 141716A (N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-me thyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide hydrochloride; 1 microM...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： White R,Hiley CR

更新日期：1997-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Barbiturates and the related depressant drugs, etazolate and etomidate, inhibited both the binding of [3H]bicuculline methochloride (BMC) to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor sites and the binding of [3H] beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester (beta CCM) to benzodiazepine receptor sites in mammalian brain...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Wong EH,Snowman AM,Leeb-Lundberg LM,Olsen RW

更新日期：1984-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Phasic release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum occurs in all mammalian cardiac preparations when the intracellular calcium concentration is sufficiently high. The phasic calcium release is often sufficient to trigger electrophysiological responses and aftercontractions. These can be detrimental to normal ca...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Briggs GM,Morgan JP,Gwathmey JK

更新日期：1989-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient outward K+ current, Ito, contributes to cardiac action potential generation and is primarily carried by Kv4.3 (KCND3) channels. Two Kv4.3 isoforms are expressed in human ventricle and show differential remodeling in heart failure (HF). Lidocaine and mexiletine may be applied in selected patients to suppress ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Rahm AK,Müller ME,Gramlich D,Lugenbiel P,Uludag E,Rivinius R,Ullrich ND,Schmack B,Ruhparwar A,Heimberger T,Weis T,Karck M,Katus HA,Thomas D

更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study has examined the effects and the possible mechanisms of a single dose of simvastatin on the severity of arrhythmias resulting from a 25min occlusion and reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in anaesthetized (chloralose and urethane) dogs. The control animals (n=16) were given t...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kisvári G,Kovács M,Gardi J,Seprényi G,Kaszaki J,Végh Á

更新日期：2014-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Transporter-mediated release of dopamine and the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) was examined in COS cells, a cell line derived from monkey kidney, expressing the rat dopamine transporter. The release of preloaded [3H]MPP+ but not [3H]dopamine was dose-dependently inhibited by cocai...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kitayama S,Morita K,Dohi T

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (NMPTP) on central monoamine neurons in mice was investigated using histo- and biochemical techniques. NMPTP (2 X 10 mg/kg i.v.) produced a rapid and long-lasting reduction (-30%) of striatal dopamine, while the dopamine levels were only transiently reduced in...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Hallman H,Olson L,Jonsson G

更新日期：1984-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are important enzymes involved in ulcer healing but interactions between them have not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selective or non-selective inhibition of NOS on the expression and activity of COX-2 during heal...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Guo JS,Cho CH,Wang JY,Koo MW

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the elevated zero-maze model of anxiety was used to investigate CCK receptor antagonist effects on the behaviour of male Lister-hooded rats and to demonstrate, by administering antagonists in the presence or absence of selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) re-uptake inhibitors, the involvement of 5-HT in...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Bickerdike MJ,Marsden CA,Dourish CT,Fletcher A

更新日期：1994-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated protein kinase C participation in the contractile response to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and in the interaction between 5-HT and endothelin-1, in aortas from control and diabetic rats. Diabetic rats display attenuated reactivity to 5-HT (i.e., approximately 47% of control maximum). The protein kinase ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： James GM,Hodgson WC

更新日期：1997-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment with soterenol (0.3-300 mug/kg, i.v.) increased the mean arterial blood pressure and decreased heart rate in rabbits. Soterenol caused a dose-dependent contraction of rabbit aorta and portal vein, guinea-pig vas deferens and cat nicitating membrane which was inhibited by phentolamine. Other beta-agonists suc...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kitagawa H,Yamauchi A,Shibata S

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat anococcygeus muscles were isolated 4 h after treatment with either E. coli endotoxin (20 mg kg-1 i.p.) or saline. The contractile responses of the muscle to electrical field stimulation, and to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist cirazoline were impaired by endotoxin treatment. Inhibition of the L-arginine pathway wi...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Guc MO,Furman BL,Parratt JR

更新日期：1991-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:PK20M (Dmt-D-Lys-Phe-Phe-OH) is a novel modified endomorphin-2 (EM-2) peptide producing strong dose- and time-dependent antinociceptive activity. Yet its prototype, endogenous EM-2, has been reported to trigger respiratory and vascular effects such as apnea and hypotension. The purpose of this study was to investigate...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Wojciechowski P,Kleczkowska P,Mollica A,Stefanucci A,Kaczyńska K

更新日期：2020-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of pharmacological manipulations which mimic or enhance histaminergic neuronal transmission were determined on the activity of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons projecting to the hypothalamus of male rats. Intracerebroventricular administration of histamine decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and increased 5-hy...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Fleckenstein AE,Lookingland KJ,Moore KE

更新日期：1994-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether there is a common site of action for intravenous anaesthetics at the glycine receptor, the effects of binary combinations of thiopentone, pentobarbitone, methohexitone, and propofol have been tested on human alpha(1) glycine receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes using two-electrode voltage-clam...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Hadipour-Jahromy M,Daniels S

更新日期：2003-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The actions of iontophoretically applied quipazine (QPZ) and 6-chloro-2-[1-piperazinyl]-pyrazine (CPP) were compared with those of serotonin (5-HT) on rat spinal motoneurones. QPZ and CPP qualitatively resembled 5-HT in that both facilitated single unit activity evoked by glutamate. Like 5-HT, the facilitation they pr...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Neuman RS,White SR

更新日期：1982-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying the contractile effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in relation to those of noradrenaline (NA) on small human blood vessels were studied in vitro. NPY caused contractions of mesenteric veins, renal and skeletal muscle arteries but not of mesenteric arteries. NPY was about 5- to 10-fold more poten...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Pernow J,Svenberg T,Lundberg JM

更新日期：1987-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The protective potency of ischemic preconditioning decreases with increasing age. A key step in ischemic preconditioning is the opening of mitochondrial Ca(2+) sensitive K(+) (mK(Ca)) channels, which causes mild uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration. We hypothesized that aging reduces the effects of mK(Ca) channel o...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Heinen A,Winning A,Schlack W,Hollmann MW,Preckel B,Frässdorf J,Weber NC

更新日期：2008-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Statins are some of the most widely used drugs worldwide, but one of their major side effects is myotoxicity. Using mouse myoblast (C2C12) and human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines (RH30) in both 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture, we investigated the mechanisms of simvastatin's myotoxicity. W...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Emami A,Shojaei S,da Silva Rosa SC,Aghaei M,Samiei E,Vosoughi AR,Kalantari F,Kawalec P,Thliveris J,Sharma P,Zeki AA,Akbari M,Gordon JW,Ghavami S

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) are a major risk factor for antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) in solid organ transplantation, and ABMR remains a medical challenge. Therefore, effective anti-ABMR therapies are needed to improve overall graft survival. Cathepsin S (Cat S) is an essential protease for antigen peptide lo...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kubo K,Kawato Y,Nakamura K,Nakajima Y,Nakagawa TY,Hanaoka K,Oshima S,Fukahori H,Inami M,Morokata T,Higashi Y

更新日期：2018-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study describes the effects of halothane on morphine activity in the isolated left atria of the rat. Concentration-response curves were obtained for the negative inotropic effects of morphine on electrically stimulated left atria. Morphine significantly decreased the contractile force, with an inhibitory c...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Laorden ML,Hernandez J,Carceles MD,Miralles FS,Puig MM

更新日期：1990-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Geniposide (GE) can effectively inhibit diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its mechanism is unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the antidiabetic nephropathy effects of GE both in high fat diet/streptozotocin-induced DN mice and in high glucose-induced podocyte model. Renal function in DN mice was evaluated...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Li F,Chen Y,Li Y,Huang M,Zhao W

更新日期：2020-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors WY-50,295 tromethamine, A-64,077, L-663,536 and ICI-207,968 were compared in a reverse passive Arthus reaction-induced pleurisy model of eicosanoid biosynthesis in the rat. When a 1 h pretreatment schedule was employed, all four inhibitors equivalently blocked leukotriene B4 (LTB4) produc...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Berkenkopf JW,Weichman BM

更新日期：1991-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel anti-ischemic compound, BMS-204352 ((3S)-(+)-(5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-indol-2-one)), strongly activates the voltage-gated K+ channel KCNQ5 in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 2.4 microM. At 10 microM, BMS-204352 increased the steady state current ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Dupuis DS,Schrøder RL,Jespersen T,Christensen JK,Christophersen P,Jensen BS,Olesen SP

更新日期：2002-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) and glutamatergic neurotransmission are associated with the pathophysiology of disorders such as anxiety, depression or chronic pain. Human and rat mGlu5 receptors have been cloned and characterized previously. We now describe the cloning of the mouse mGlu5b recept...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Salisbury BG,Mukhopadhyay G,Kostich M,Laz TM,Norris ED

更新日期：2008-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The tachykinins substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B are involved in many pathophysiological processes. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to analyse the expression of TAC1 and TAC3, the genes that encode substance P/neurokinin A and neurokinin B, respectively, and the gene...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Pinto FM,Almeida TA,Hernandez M,Devillier P,Advenier C,Candenas ML

更新日期：2004-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The potentiation of the toxic and lethal effects of cocaine by the selective delta-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole was explored in unrestrained, unanesthetized rats that received a continuous intravenous infusion of cocaine until death. The lethal dose of cocaine was lowered dose dependently in animals administ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Patterson AB,Gordon FJ,Holtzman SG

更新日期：1997-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), a metabolite of arachidonic acid by 15-lipoxygenase, causes pulmonary vasoconstriction via increasing the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i). However, the multiple sources of Ca(2+) that contribute to Ca(2+) elevation during and af...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Zheng X,Li Q,Tang X,Liang S,Chen L,Zhang S,Wang Z,Guo L,Zhang R,Zhu D

更新日期：2008-12-28 00:00:00