A proposed common allosteric mechanism for active transport, muscle contraction, and ribosomal translocation.

abstract：:A major question in plant physiology is how the large amount of sucrose made in leaves is transported to the rest of the plant. Although physiological, biochemical, and anatomical investigations have been performed in this field, to date there have been very few genetic studies. Using a reverse genetic screen, we have...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gottwald JR,Krysan PJ,Young JC,Evert RF,Sussman MR

更新日期：2000-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The RNA virus, hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most or second-most important cause of acute clinical hepatitis in adults throughout much of Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. In these regions it is an important cause of acute liver failure, especially in pregnant women who have a mortality rate of 20-30%. Until recentl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shukla P,Nguyen HT,Torian U,Engle RE,Faulk K,Dalton HR,Bendall RP,Keane FE,Purcell RH,Emerson SU

更新日期：2011-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) increased 7-fold in rat pineal glands incubated in the presence of l-norepinephrine. This response consisted of two components-one was stereospecific and inhibited by alpha-adrenergic antagonists while the other was not stereospecific and not readily inhibited by antagonists...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Dea RF,Zatz M

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Friction is caused by dissipative lateral forces that act between macroscopic objects. An improved understanding of friction is therefore expected from measurements of dissipative lateral forces acting between individual atoms. Here we establish atomic resolution of both conservative and dissipative forces by lateral ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giessibl FJ,Herz M,Mannhart J

更新日期：2002-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Extragalactic X-ray surveys over the past decade have dramatically improved understanding of the majority populations of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) over most of the history of the universe. Here we briefly highlight some of the exciting discoveries about AGN demography, physics, and ecology, with a focus on results...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brandt WN,Alexander DM

更新日期：2010-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The avian neuroretina (NR) is part of the central nervous system and is composed of photoreceptors, neuronal cells, and Müller (glial) cells. These cells are derived from proliferating neuroectodermal precursors that differentiate after terminal mitosis and become organized in cell strata. Genes that are specifically ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guermah M,Crisanti P,Laugier D,Dezelee P,Bidou L,Pessac B,Calothy G

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli mutS gene product is involved in mismatch correction in this organism. We have purified a biologically active form of the 97,000 Mr protein to near homogeneity from an overproducing strain. Enzymatic and chemical protection ("footprinting") experiments have demonstrated that mutS-encoded protein s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Su SS,Modrich P

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annual reproductive success and senescence patterns vary substantially among individuals in the wild. However, it is still seldom considered that senescence may not only affect an individual but also affect age-specific reproductive success in its offspring, generating transgenerational reproductive senescence. We use...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroeger SB,Blumstein DT,Armitage KB,Reid JM,Martin JGA

更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Double-positive (DP) thymocytes respond to intrathymic T-cell receptor (TCR) signals by undergoing positive selection and lineage differentiation into single-positive (SP) mature cells. Concomitant with these well-characterized events is the acquisition of a mature T-cell gene expression program characterized by the i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shi LZ,Saravia J,Zeng H,Kalupahana NS,Guy CS,Neale G,Chi H

更新日期：2017-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Group A Streptococcus (GAS) and other bacterial pathogens are known to interact with integrins as an initial step in a complex pathway of bacterial ingestion by host cells. Efficient GAS invasion depends on the interaction of bound fibronectin (Fn) with integrins and activation of integrin signaling. TGF-beta1 regulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang B,Li S,Southern PJ,Cleary PP

更新日期：2006-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:African sleeping sickness is a fatal disease that is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. Polyamine biosynthesis is an essential pathway in the parasite and is a validated drug target for treatment of the disease. S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) catalyzes a key step in polyamine biosynthe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Willert EK,Fitzpatrick R,Phillips MA

更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The human rhodopsin gene is the locus for numerous alleles linked to the neurodegenerative disease retinitis pigmentosa. To facilitate the study of retinal degeneration and to test reagents designed to alter the structure and function of this gene, we have developed strains of mice whose native rhodopsin gene has been...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chan F,Bradley A,Wensel TG,Wilson JH

更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fodrin, a protein composed of two polypeptides with molecular weights of 250,000 and 240,000, is concentrated in the cortical cytoplasm of neurons, and moves down the axons by the process of axonal transport. We have used immunofluorescence techniques to determine whether fodrin antigens also move in non-neuronal cell...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine J,Willard M

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family 3 (SLAMF3/Ly9) is a coregulatory molecule implicated in T-cell activation and differentiation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by aberrant T-cell activation and compromised IL-2 production, leading to abnormal regulatory T-cell (Treg) development/fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Comte D,Karampetsou MP,Kis-Toth K,Yoshida N,Bradley SJ,Mizui M,Kono M,Solomon JR,Kyttaris VC,Tsokos GC

更新日期：2016-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:An early and a late histone H2B gene from the sea urchin Stronglyocentrotus purpuratus were linked in a single plasmid and injected into the eggs of the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus. The levels of transcripts of injected early and late genes and of endogenous early genes were monitored during development by a ribonucl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colin AM,Catlin TL,Kidson SH,Maxson R

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play central roles in almost all physiological functions; mutations in GPCRs are responsible for more than 30 disorders. There is a great deal of information about GPCR structure but little information that directly relates structure to protein trafficking or to activation. The gona...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Janovick JA,Conn PM

更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the pathogenic processes contributing to dopaminergic neuron (DN) death in Parkinson disease (PD), evidence points to non-cell-autonomous mechanisms, particularly chronic inflammation mounted by activated microglia. Yet little is known about endogenous regulatory processes that determine microglial actions in pa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ros-Bernal F,Hunot S,Herrero MT,Parnadeau S,Corvol JC,Lu L,Alvarez-Fischer D,Carrillo-de Sauvage MA,Saurini F,Coussieu C,Kinugawa K,Prigent A,Höglinger G,Hamon M,Tronche F,Hirsch EC,Vyas S

更新日期：2011-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocean acidification represents a key threat to coral reefs by reducing the calcification rate of framework builders. In addition, acidification is likely to affect the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates and the productivity of this association. However, little is known about how acidificat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anthony KR,Kline DI,Diaz-Pulido G,Dove S,Hoegh-Guldberg O

更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Human 15-lipoxygenase (h15-LO) is present on chromosome 17p13.3 in close proximity to the tumor-suppressor gene, p53. 15-LO is implicated in antiinflammation, membrane remodeling, and cancer development/metastasis. The murine BALB/c embryo fibroblast cell line, (10)1val, expresses p53 in mutant (mt) conformation when ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelavkar UP,Badr KF

更新日期：1999-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant liquid-structure theory has been used to calculate the transport properties of the alkali metals. Unlike previous calculations, the volume and temperature dependence of the solid-like structure has been taken into consideration. Equations for the potential energy as a function of volume of the alkali metal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu CC,Eyring H

更新日期：1972-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mid-winter development of refractoriness to melatonin (Mel) triggers recrudescence of the atrophied reproductive apparatus of rodents. As a consequence, over-wintering animals become reproductively competent just before the onset of spring conditions favorable for breeding. The neural target tissues that cease to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freeman DA,Zucker I

更新日期：2001-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The product(s) of the Myxococcus xanthus spoC locus is required for two multicellular activities in fruiting body development, rippling and sporulation. Ripples, which are formed early in development, are spatially separated ridges of cells that move synchronously. Myxospores are heat-resistant resting cells that are ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shimkets LJ,Gill RE,Kaiser D

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rap phosphatases are a recently discovered family of protein aspartate phosphatases that dephosphorylate the Spo0F--P intermediate of the phosphorelay, thus preventing sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. They are regulators induced by physiological processes that are antithetical to sporulation. The RapA phosphatase is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Perego M,Hoch JA

更新日期：1996-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammalian brains, multielectrode recordings during sensory stimulation have revealed oscillations in different cortical areas that are transiently synchronous. These synchronizations have been hypothesized to support integration of sensory information or represent the operation of attentional mechanisms, but their ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prechtl JC

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The multidimensional free energy surface for a small fast folding helical protein is explored based on first-principle calculations. The model represents the 46-residue segment from fragment B of staphylococcal protein A. The relationship between collapse and tertiary structure formation, and the order of collapse and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo Z,Brooks CL 3rd,Boczko EM

更新日期：1997-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycogenin initiates the synthesis of a maltosaccharide chain covalently attached to itself on Tyr195 via a stepwise glucosylation reaction, priming glycogen synthesis. We have captured crystallographic snapshots of human glycogenin during its reaction cycle, revealing a dynamic conformational switch between ground an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chaikuad A,Froese DS,Berridge G,von Delft F,Oppermann U,Yue WW

更新日期：2011-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The transmembrane precursor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) exits the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in tubular carriers for subsequent trafficking and delivery to the cell surface; however, the molecular machinery responsible for Golgi export is unknown. We previously reported that members of the TGN golgin family ar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lieu ZZ,Lock JG,Hammond LA,La Gruta NL,Stow JL,Gleeson PA

更新日期：2008-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The prefrontal cortex continues to mature after puberty and into early adulthood, mirroring the time course of maturation of cognitive abilities. However, the way in which prefrontal activity changes during peri- and postpubertal cortical maturation is largely unknown. To address this question, we evaluated the develo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou X,Zhu D,Katsuki F,Qi XL,Lees CJ,Bennett AJ,Salinas E,Stanford TR,Constantinidis C

更新日期：2014-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:How much free energy is irreversibly lost during a thermodynamic process? For deterministic protocols, lower bounds on energy dissipation arise from the thermodynamic friction associated with pushing a system out of equilibrium in finite time. Recent work has also bounded the cost of precisely moving a single degree o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bryant SJ,Machta BB

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are highly conserved pattern-recognition molecules of the innate immune system that bind bacterial peptidoglycans (PGNs), which are polymers of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) cross-linked by short peptide stems. Human PRGPs are bactericid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cho S,Wang Q,Swaminathan CP,Hesek D,Lee M,Boons GJ,Mobashery S,Mariuzza RA

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00