Abstract:
:We have developed a cell-free system to study bacteriophage lambda DNA replication. Maximal DNA synthesis in vitro requires the four deoxynucleoside triphosphates, ATP, and exogenous lambda DNA. DNA synthesis requires the products of the phage O and P genes but is not inhibited by lambda repressor. The kinetics of synthesis is linear for 10-15 min; however, the product of synthesis amounts to only 0.5-1% of the added template DNA. As judged by isopycnic analysis, extensive regions of the template are copied. Sedimentation analysis indicates that all of the product consists of short (11S) DNA chains. Fractions partially purified from lambdaO(+)P(+)-infected cell extracts will complement extracts prepared from lambdaO(-) or lambdaP(-)-infected cells.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Shizuya H,Richardson CCdoi
10.1073/pnas.71.5.1758subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1974-05-01 00:00:00pages
1758-62issue
5eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract::TGF-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a critical signaling hub responsible for translating antigen binding signals to immune receptors for the activation of the AP-1 and NF-κB master transcriptional programs. Despite its importance, known substrates of TAK1 are limited to kinases of the MAPK and IKK families and include ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1608355113
更新日期:2016-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Fumarase C was strongly induced by paraquat in a parental strain of Escherichia coli but was not induced in a strain lacking the soxRS response. Moreover, a strain that constitutively expresses the soxRS regulon contained more fumarase C than did the parental strain. The Mn-containing superoxide dismutase and glucose-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.13.5892
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concepts of source and quantum action principle are used to produce the phonon Green's function appropriate for an initial phonon vacuum state. An application to the Mossbauer effect is presented. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.15.6537
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-mediated G(1) arrest previously has been shown to specifically target inactivation of cyclin D:cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 4/6 complexes. We report here that TGF-beta-treated human HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells arrest in G(1), but retain continued cyclin D:Cdk4/6 act...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.14961
更新日期:1999-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::3T3 cells that have undergone adipose differentiation in vitro secrete into the culture medium a potent growth stimulatory activity for bovine aortic endothelial cells. When medium containing 2% fetal calf serum, which does not support significant endothelial cell growth, is conditioned by 3T3-F442A adipocytes, the en...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.10.6007
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have applied a molecular biology approach to the identification of human monoclonal antibodies. Human peripheral blood lymphocyte mRNA was converted to cDNA and a select subset was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. These products, containing coding sequences for numerous immunoglobulin heavy- and kappa li...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.20.8095
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phycobilisomes isolated from eight different species of cyanobacteria contain in addition to the light-harvesting phycobiliproteins, a small number of colorless polypeptides with molecular weights higher than those of the chromopolypeptide subunits of the phycobiliproteins. In the phycobilisomes of the species examin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.4.1635
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The c-ras family is a set of c-onc genes that are highly conserved in vertebrates. The genes in this family are homologous to the transforming genes of Harvey and Kirsten murine sarcoma viruses (v-Ha-ras and v-Ki-ras, respectively). Using an in situ molecular hybridization method, we detected three sites on the human ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.15.4794
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Notch signaling pathway is essential for many aspects of development, cell fate determination, and tissue homeostasis. Notch signaling can be modulated by posttranslational modifications to the Notch receptor, which are known to alter both ligand binding and receptor activation. We have modified the ligand-binding...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1319683111
更新日期:2014-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of RNA secondary structure on rho-independent and rho-dependent termination of transcription of T3 DNA by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase has been studied by incorporating, into nascent transcripts, base analogs that lead to altered base-pairing properties. A guanine --> hypoxanthine substitution, with atte...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.4.1613
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the effect of the cholinergic agonist carbachol on the spontaneous release of glutamate in cultured rat hippocampal cells. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) through glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type channels were recorded by means of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.22.12224
更新日期:1997-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::The polypeptide chain initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) binds phospholipid (PL) and becomes a potent inhibitor of translation in hemin-supplemented reticulocyte lysates. This binding is markedly reduced by prior treatment of eIF-2 with N-ethylmaleimide. Although PL is probably bound by all three eIF-2 subunits, our results ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.18.6711
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1950, John Nash contributed a remarkable one-page PNAS article that defined and characterized a notion of equilibrium for n- person games. This notion, now called the "Nash equilibrium," has been widely applied and adapted in economics and other behavioral sciences. Indeed, game theory, with the Nash equilibrium as...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0308738101
更新日期:2004-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we demonstrate that fluid shear stress (FSS)-induced actin cytoskeletal reorganization and junctional formation in renal epithelial cells are nearly completely opposite the corresponding changes in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) [Thi MM et al. (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:16483-16488]. Mouse prox...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804954105
更新日期:2008-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::The reversible binding of the haptens 2,4-dinitrophenyllysine (DNP-lysine) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyllysine (TNP-lysine) to either the nitrophenyl-binding myeloma protein MOPC-315 or to pooled mouse anti-DNP or anti-TNP antibodies produces large and characteristic extrinsic Cotton effects (in the circular dichroic spect...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.10.2477
更新日期:1971-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::By exploiting the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect a variety of vertebrate and nonvertebrate hosts, we have developed model systems that use plants and nematodes as adjuncts to mammalian models to help elucidate the molecular basis of P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. Our studies reveal a remarkable degree of con...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.16.8815
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancing immune responses with immune-modulatory monoclonal antibodies directed to inhibitory immune receptors is a promising modality in cancer therapy. Clinical efficacy has been demonstrated with antibodies blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or PD-1/...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1417320112
更新日期:2015-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) and activated oncogenes on the growth and morphology of primary baby mouse kidney (BMK) cells has been studied. Early region DNA from HPV types 16, 18, 31, and 33, but not type 6, under the transcriptional control of a heterologous, retroviral promoter cooperated with EJ-ras to...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.8820
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orchids employing sexual deceit attract males of their pollinator species through specific volatile signals that mimic female-released sex pheromones. One of these signals proved to be 2-ethyl-5-propylcyclohexan-1,3-dione (chiloglottone1), a new natural product that was shown to be most important in the relations betw...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0900646106
更新日期:2009-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::The abundances of (92)Nb and (146)Sm in the early solar system are determined from meteoritic analysis, and their stellar production is attributed to the p process. We investigate if their origin from thermonuclear supernovae deriving from the explosion of white dwarfs with mass above the Chandrasekhar limit is in agr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1519344113
更新日期:2016-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::Strongylocentrotus intermedius (A. Agassiz, 1863) is an economically important sea urchin inhabiting the northwest Pacific region of Asia. The northern Primorye (Sea of Japan) populations of S. intermedius consist of two sympatric morphological forms, "usual" (U) and "gray" (G). The two forms are significantly differe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0807860105
更新日期:2008-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Double fertilization is a key innovation for the evolutionary success of angiosperms by which the two fertilized female gametes, the egg cell and central cell, generate the embryo and endosperm, respectively. The female gametophyte (embryo sac) enclosed in the sporophyte is derived from a one-celled haploid cell linea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1909465117
更新日期:2020-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::The status of the Archaea as one of the three primary Domains emphasizes the importance of understanding their molecular fundamentals. Basic transcription in the Archaea resembles eucaryal transcription. However, little is known about transcriptional regulation. We have taken an in vivo approach, using genetics to add...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.4.1316
更新日期:1997-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::The exo isomer of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) 8,9-epoxide appears to be the only product of AFB1 involved in reaction with DNA and reacts with the N7 atom of guanine via an SN2 reaction from an intercalated state. Although the epoxide hydrolyzes rapidly in H2O (0.6 s-1 at 25 degrees C), very high yields of DNA adduct result. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.12.6121
更新日期:1997-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleus accumbens (NAc) regulates motivated behavior by, in part, processing excitatory synaptic projections from several brain regions. Among these regions, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basolateral amygdala, convey executive control and affective states, respectively. Whereas glutamatergic synaptic transmissio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1206287110
更新日期:2013-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The caspases are cysteine proteases that have been implicated in the execution of programmed cell death in organisms ranging from nematodes to humans. Many members of the Bcl-2 family, including Bcl-XL, are potent inhibitors of programmed cell death and inhibit activation of caspases in cells. Here, we report a direct...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.2.554
更新日期:1998-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Non-human primates (NHP) provide crucial research models. Their strong similarities to humans make them particularly valuable for understanding complex behavioral traits and brain structure and function. We report here the genetic mapping of an NHP nervous system biologic trait, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0707640104
更新日期:2007-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR T cells) have shown impressive therapeutic efficacy against leukemias and lymphomas. However, they have not been as effective against solid tumors because they become hyporesponsive ("exhausted" or "dysfunctional") within the tumor microenvironment, with decreased cyt...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1905675116
更新日期:2019-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system has evolved to annul pathogens, but its improper regulation is linked with diseases. Efficient regulation of the system is primarily provided by a family of proteins termed regulators of complement activation (RCA). The knowledge of precise structural determinants of RCA proteins critical for imp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1506449112
更新日期:2015-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::The amino-acid sequence of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein of bovine bone is presented. The sequence of 43 of the 49 residues was determined automatically on the intact protein and on a tryptic peptide. The remainder was determined by conventional procedures on tryptic and chymotrytic peptides. Resid...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.10.3374
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00