Abstract:
:Lipid compositions of 40 patient isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis derived from Madras, Burma, Rangoon, and East Africa were studied, and two major populations of tubercle bacilli were distinguished. Nearly all of the strains previously designated as attenuated for the guinea pig (D. A. Mitchison) are characterized by a specific phenolic phthiocerol diester which is identified with the aglycone moieties of mycosides A and B (and probably G). This lipid (AI) was not seen in any of the more virulent strains. Thus, presence of AI may be taken as definitive for attenuation (P < 0.001). Phthiocerol dimycoserosate (DIM), a companion substance, is ubiquitous for the series of 40 strains. However, a dramatic attenuation found in a DIM-less H37Rv mutant may support a role for this substance in the virulent state. Since mycosides A, G, and B seem to be restricted to certain chromogenic and bovine species, respectively, we speculate that lysogenization or transduction of fully virulent M. tuberculosis may have provided the genetic determinants for attenuation and AI synthesis, and thus led to the two classes of tubercle bacilli.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Goren MB,Brokl O,Schaefer WBdoi
10.1128/IAI.9.1.150-158.1974subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1974-01-01 00:00:00pages
150-8issue
1eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is defined as the triad of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Enterohemorrhagic Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (EHEC), which causes a prodromal hemorrhagic enteritis, remains the most common etiology of the typical or epidemic form of HUS. Because no licens...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00027-14
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The region of DNA encoding the mannose-fucose-resistant hemagglutinin (MFRHA) of Vibrio cholerae O1 has been localized, and the nucleotide sequence has been determined. The region contains a single open reading frame encoding 230 amino acids, corresponding to a protein of 26.9 kDa. The N terminus of this protein is at...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.7.3032-3037.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new strategy for rapidly selecting and testing genetic vaccines has been developed, in which a whole genome library is cloned into a bacteriophage lambda ZAP Express vector which contains both prokaryotic (P(lac)) and eukaryotic (P(CMV)) promoters upstream of the insertion site. The phage library is plated on Escher...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.167-174.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous interleukin-12 (IL-12) mediates protection against Yersinia enterocolitica in C57BL/6 mice by triggering gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production in NK and CD4+ T cells. Administration of exogenous IL-12 confers protection against yersiniae in Yersinia-susceptible BALB/c mice but exacerbates yersiniosis in r...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.5.2213-2220.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed structural studies were undertaken on five isolates of bovine rotavirus which showed variability in the migration patterns of their genome segments on electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. The individual genome segments of each isolate were characterized by partial digestion of terminally radiolabeled RNA w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.2.492-497.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell surface proteins SspA and SspB in Streptococcus gordonii and SpaP in Streptococcus mutans are members of the antigen I/II family of polypeptides produced by oral streptococci. These proteins are adhesins and mediate species-specific binding of cells to a variety of host and bacterial receptors. Here we show that ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.12.5157-5164.1997
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites to differentiate into latent bradyzoite forms is essential for pathogenesis of clinical disease. We examined the effects of cyclic nucleotides on T. gondii bradyzoite differentiation in vitro. Differentiation of tachyzoites to bradyzoites was measured in an immunofluorescen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.1.148-153.2001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent infection with Borrelia burgdorferi in the presence of a vigorous host immune response has been demonstrated in humans and in animal models of Lyme disease. Long-term persistence of B. burgdorferi was documented recently in our studies of BALB/c and C3H mice infected with cloned and uncloned strains of B. b...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.8.3521-3527.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligately intracellular bacterial parasite of eucaryotic cells that undergoes a biphasic life cycle within a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) called an inclusion. The parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) constitutes a barrier between the replicating bacteria and the nutrient-rich environmen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.3.1088-1094.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responses in the guinea pig model are understudied because of a lack of commercial reagents. We have developed a custom-made guinea pig oligonucleotide microarray (81 spots) and have examined the gene expression profile of splenocytes restimulated in vitro from Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated and naive anima...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.2.1436-1441.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cryptococcosis is characterized as a chronic central nervous system disease, it is generally accepted that the lungs are the primary portal of entry for the etiological agent. Despite this, there is a distinct lack of evidence that viable airborne particles of Cryptococcus neoformans are small enough to reach...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.17.3.634-638.1977
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are key players in the induction and regulation of immune responses. In Plasmodium falciparum malaria, determination of which cells and pathways are activated in the network of APCs remains elusive. We therefore investigated the effects of a controlled human malaria infection in healthy...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00473-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attachment of Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 to laminin, a major basement membrane protein, and to other proteins was studied. Microdilution plates were coated with the proteins, and the attachment of T. denticola was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Compared with bovine serum albumin (BSA)...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.11.4230-4237.1991
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The virulence and fitness in vivo of the major human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus are associated with a cell-to-cell signaling mechanism known as quorum sensing (QS). QS coordinates the production of virulence factors via the production and sensing of autoinducing peptide (AIP) signal molecules by the agr locus. Her...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01216-13
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::GNA33 is a membrane-bound lipoprotein with murein hydrolase activity that is present in all Neisseria species and well conserved in different meningococcal isolates. The protein shows 33% identity to a lytic transglycolase (MltA) from Escherichia coli and has been shown to be involved in the degradation of both insolu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.4.1914-1919.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although certain helminth infections preferentially induce type 2 T-cell responses, the immunological mechanisms responsible for type 2 T-cell polarization remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of excretory-secretory (ES) antigen from the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis on cytokine pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.11.6233-6239.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis is rising in the developing world due to poor health care, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, and the low protective efficacy of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine. A new vaccination strategy that could protect adults in the developing world from tuberculosis could have a huge impact on publi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.6.3814-3816.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of the Shigella flexneri chromosomal aerobactin genes during growth of the bacterium within tissue culture cells was assayed. During intracellular growth, aerobactin promoter activity was repressed relative to the level observed in bacteria grown extracellularly, even when the bacteria had been starved ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.2.818-821.1997
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized outer membrane proteins (OMPs) from selected Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus strains by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE), using isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and by immunoblotting with immune rabbit serum. The flage...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of type 1 fimbriae in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is controlled, in part, by three proteins, FimZ, FimY, and FimW. Amino acid sequence analysis indicates that FimZ belongs to the family of bacterial response regulators of two-component systems. In these studies, we have demonstrated that int...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00795-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori mutants deficient in 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase (6PGD) were constructed. Colonization densities were lower and minimum infectious doses were higher for mutant strains than for wild-type strains. In spite of better colonization, however, wild-type strains did not displace the mutant in cocoloniz...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.5.2920-2923.2003
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial superantigens (SAgs) have been implicated in inflammatory disease, and SAg-treated mice have increased jejunal T cells. Here we show that T84 cells (a human epithelial cell line) display increased MCP-1 and RANTES mRNA expression and protein production in response to conditioned medium from Staphylococcus au...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.11.6198-6202.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial strains of Haemophilus species and Streptococcus pneumoniae were examined for synthesis of the enzyme immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) protease. Of 36 H. influenzae strains examined, 35 produced IgA1 protease; strains included all six capsular types, unencapsulated variants of types b and d, and untypable H. influen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.26.1.254-261.1979
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Klebsiella pneumoniae strains typically express both smooth lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with O antigen molecules and capsule polysaccharide (K antigen) on the surface. A single mutation in a gene that codes for a UDP galacturonate 4-epimerase (uge) renders a strain with the O-:K- phenotype (lack of capsule and LPS withou...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.1.54-61.2004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice were infected with Chlamydia trachomatis (L2/434) and at various intervals after infection their lymphoid cells were tested directly for cytotoxic activity against Chlamydia-infected L929 cells. In a modified cell-mediated lympholysis assay, splenic, lymph node, and peritoneal exudate cells did not significantly ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.39.3.1271-1274.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 is an obligate intracellular bacterium which is internalized in target epithelial cells by endocytosis and resides within a membrane-bound vesicle. Over the next several hours following entry, individual serovar L2-containing vesicles fuse with one another to form a single membrane-bou...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.4.1208-1214.1996
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structures of Campylobacter species are immunologically related to those of 11 other gram-negative organisms, we immunoblotted from polyacrylamide gels the LPS of these strains with immune rabbit serum raised against six Campylobacter jejuni strains and two Campylobacter f...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.51.1.204-208.1986
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neisseria gonorrhoeae is generally considered to be an obligate aerobe; it can, however, grow in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic respiration by using nitrite as a terminal electron acceptor. The outer membrane protein compositions of aerobically and anaerobically grown N. gonorrhoeae strains were compared by one- a...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.6.1359-1364.1987
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serum opacity factor (SOF) of Streptococcus pyogenes is a serotyping tool and pathogenesis factor. Using SOF-coated latex beads in cell adherence assays and antiserum directed against SOF in S. pyogenes-HEp-2 cell adherence inhibition experiments, we demonstrate SOF involvement in the fibronectin-mediated adherenc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.7.4302-4308.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular resistance to facultative intracellular parasites has been studied by determining the antimycobacterial activity and the amount of fatty acids in sera and in heptane extracts of freshly collected and 24-h-cultured normal and activated guinea pig alveolar macrophages and liver cells. The quantity and the antim...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.19.1.170-177.1978
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00