Description of the properties of unattached 218Po and 212Pb particles by means of the classical theory of cluster formation.

abstract：:Determining the consumption of milk contaminated with 131I, resulting from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site, by the United States population during the 1950s constitutes one part of the methodology used by the National Cancer Institute to assess radiation exposures to Americans. In o...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dreicer M,Bouville A,Wachholz BW

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neyman-Pearson principles are briefly discussed and 95% confidence intervals of the form [0, ##.##] are presented. Use is made of the fact that the probability of the difference of two random variables, each with a Poisson distribution, can be expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions of integral order and eleme...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Potter WE

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information on the 240Pu/239Pu isotope ratios in human tissues for people living around the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS) was deduced from 9 sets of soft tissues and bones, and 23 other bone samples obtained by autopsy. Plutonium was radiochemically separated and purified, and plutonium isotopes (239Pu and 24...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Yamamoto M,Oikawa S,Sakaguchi A,Tomita J,Hoshi M,Apsalikov KN

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amount of 131I necessary for successful ablation in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is still subject to debate. This study investigates the relationship of the absorbed dose of radiation to the blood while administering 131I activity with several other parameters in DTC patients. This prospective...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fatholahi L,Tabeie F,Pashazadeh AM,Javadi H,Assadi M,Asli IN

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Throughout 53 years of operations, an estimated 29,300 TBq of tritium were released to the atmosphere at the Livermore site of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); about 75% of this was released as tritium gas primarily in two accidental releases. A tritium dose reconstruction was undertaken to chronicle bot...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Peterson SR

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dose reconstruction of populations potentially affected by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011 is of great importance. However, it has been difficult to assess internal thyroid doses to Fukushima residents (mainly from their intake of I) due to the lack of direct measurements. F...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kim E,Yajima K,Hashimoto S,Tani K,Igarashi Y,Iimoto T,Ishigure N,Tatsuzaki H,Akashi M,Kurihara O

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight of the most severe cases of acute radiation disease (ARS) known to have occurred in humans (as the result of criticality accidents) had survival times less than 120 h (herein defined as "early death"). These accidents were analyzed and are discussed with respect to the specific accident scenarios and the resulti...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Barabanova T,Wiley AL,Bushmanov A

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 50 years several radiation accidents occurred in which industrial radiographers and others suffered severe radiation injuries from inadvertent contact with radiation sources. Such accidents involving acute localized injuries are characterized by a severe initial reaction progressing through erythema to ski...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lefaix JL,Daburon F

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tests were conducted to characterize the uniformity of velocity and tracer gas profiles in a square and a rectangular duct with respect to defining the suitability of locations for single point sampling of gaseous contaminants. Several configurations, such as a straight duct with unidirectional flow at the entrance se...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Seo Y,McFarland AR,Ortiz CA,O'Neal DL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As part of the UK Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food Directorate of Fisheries Research (MAFF/DFR) post-Chernobyl monitoring program, a detailed study was carried out of the change over time in dissolved-phase 137Cs concentrations in a number of lakes in Cumbria, UK. These measurements have been combined with p...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Smith JT,Leonard DR,Hilton J,Appleby PG

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-evacuation by a private vehicle is one of the most commonly used methods of public evacuation in the case of a nuclear accident. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the dose-reduction effects of vehicles. To achieve this aim, a model for calculating the dose reduction factor was developed based on the actual sha...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Takahara S,Watanabe M,Hirouchi J,Iijima M,Munakata M

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PATHWAY model results were used, in conjunction with a hypothetical major nuclear attack on the U.S., to arrive at the ratio of internal to external dose for humans from early (48 h) fallout. Considered were the four nuclides (137Cs, 89Sr, 90Sr, 131I) that account for most of the reconstructed whole-body committed...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Peterson KR,Shapiro CS

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In situ and laboratory gamma spectroscopy were used to characterize natural background levels of radiation in the soil at eight sites around the Yucca Mountain Range. The purpose of this practical field analysis was to determine if published empirical in situ calibration factors would yield accurate quantitative speci...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Benke RR,Kearfott KJ

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper provides a review and reanalysis of data relating to gastrointestinal (GI) uptake of uranium in humans. Estimates of GI uptake of uranium in adult humans have been derived from results of three controlled experimental studies involving short-term oral intake of an elevated quantity of uranium in fluids, fro...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Leggett RW,Harrison JD

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Facing the challenge from terrorism, separatism, and extremism, China spared no effort to be prepared for every possible threat in order to host a safe Olympic Games. According to its statutory role, the Ministry of Health (MOH) is in charge of medical preparedness and response for radiological and nuclear emergencies...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Liu Y,Lei C,Qin B,Chen H,Su X

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields will induce electric fields and currents within the body, but these are almost always much lower than those that can stimulate peripheral nerve tissue. Guidance on exposure to such fields has been published by NRPB and ICNIRP, which is based on the avoid...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Saunders RD,Jefferys JG

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents an analysis of the implications of some recent studies performed to characterize uranium products from modern uranium recovery facilities important for worker protection. Assumptions about the solubility (related to the molecular species being produced) of these materials in humans are critical to ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brown SH,Chambers DB

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a series of daily measurements of 125I in the drinking water of North Surrey, England, from November 1988 through May 1990, the accumulated activities in the thyroids of adults drinking such water were calculated on the assumption that the fraction of ingested iodine taken up by the thyroid was f = 0.3 and the t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bowlt C,Howe JR

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Regulatory Guide 8.39, "Release of Patients Administered Radioactive Materials," permits licensees to authorize the release of patients treated with 131I [(T 1/2)p = 8.04 d] if the total dose equivalent to another individual from the released individual is not likely to exceed 5 mil...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： DeSantis DM,Chabot GE

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was done to provide data useful for predicting the deposition, retention and radiation dose patterns for humans who might be exposed to an aerosol containing 106RuO4 and respirable particles. Ruthenium-106 tetroxide was introduced into air containing inert particles. The inert particles were monodisperse. 0...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Snipes MB,Kanapilly GM

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study three methods for the determination of the radon (222Rn) exhalation rate of building materials are compared. All three are so-called purge-and-trap methods in which the sample is enclosed in a container from which the exhaled radon is continuously purged by a constant flow of nitrogen gas. The outflowing...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： de Jong P,van Dijk W,de Vries W,van der Graaf ER,Roelofs LM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of epithermal neutron beam in clinical trials of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for patients with malignant brain tumors had been carried out for half a decade at the Brookhaven's Medical Reactor. The decision to permanently close this reactor in 2000 cut short the efforts to implement a new conceptual design t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hu JP,Reciniello RN,Holden NE

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This document was prepared as a review of the current knowledge of tritium metabolism and dosimetry. The physical, chemical, and metabolic characteristics of various forms of tritium are presented as they pertain to performing dose assessments for occupational workers and for the general public. For occupational worke...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hill RL,Johnson JR

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reconstructed meteorological data are often used in some form of long-term wind trajectory models for estimating the historical impacts of atmospheric emissions. Meteorological data for the straight-line Gaussian plume model are put into a joint frequency distribution, a three-dimensional array describing atmospheric ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hamby DM

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 193 cases autopsied between 1945 and 1980, all persons who had been intravascularly injected with Thorotrast in life, the authors found 131 malignant hepatic tumors, 20 liver cirrhoses, 6 myeloid leukemias, 4 erythroleukemias, 5 aplastic anemias, 4 lung cancers, 1 mesothelioma and 1 osteosarcoma. The causes of deat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Mori T,Kato Y,Aoki N,Hatakeyama S

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 150 data sets giving time-dependent concentrations of 131I and 137Cs in feed and milk of cows after the Chernobyl accident are evaluated using a minimal compartmental modeling approach. Transfer of cesium via the grass-cow-milk pathway is adequately described by a three-compartmental model. No unique model r...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kirchner G

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics with which tritiated thymidine is eliminated from birds and the concentration of radioactivity remaining in the carcass after 350-430 h were measured. Birds injected with tritiated thymidine eliminated 98% of the radioactivity injected within 28 h. Ninety-eight percent was identified in the excreta, and l...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Party E,Barnea A,Linins I,Gershey EL

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case of plutonium deposition in man within the range of 190 Bq by inhalation from about 12 yr ago is reported. An estimate of systemic burden was made based on analyses of urine and faeces and the models of Langham, Beach/Dolphin, and Durbin while the individual was alive. This estimate was compared with autopsy fin...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ohlenschlaeger L,Schieferdecker H,Schmidt-Martin W

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The movement through the environment and the toxicity to plants of 99Tc have been studied. However, information is scanty on 99Tc toxicity to mammals even though this is the decisive criterion for assessing the consequences of releases of Tc. A critical tissue could be the thyroid because of its preferential accumulat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gerber GB,Hegela M,Vankerkom J,Kirchmann R,Maisin JR,Lambiet-Collier M

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simultaneous detection of gross alpha and beta radioactivity was studied using gas proportional counting. This measurement is a part of a method mandated by US Environmental Protection Agency to screen for alpha and beta radioactivity in drinking water. Responses of a gas proportional detector to alpha and beta part...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Semkow TM,Parekh PP

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00