Abstract:
:Demonstration of intrathecal IgG production is employed in the diagnosis of various neurological disorders. This pathological IgG fraction in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be visualized directly as oligoclonal bands by electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing or can be calculated as "excess" or "synthesized" IgG according to different formulae. A comparison of the results obtained with isoelectric focusing and with five formulae showed that even though three of the formulae discriminated well between a reference population and patients with multiple sclerosis, all five gave wrong and misleading results in the presence of blood-brain barrier damage, as defined by an abnormally raised CSF/serum albumin ratio. A mathematical and statistical evaluation of the different formulae showed only those based on covariance between CSF/serum IgG and CSF/serum albumin to be valid, and these only when values of CSF/serum albumin were normal. Among the five formulae the IgG index (equal to CSF/serum IgG:CSF/serum albumin) is unique in having a comparatively small and constant maximal relative error resulting from the variation coefficients of the IgG and albumin assays. In the case of blood-brain barrier damage, there exists currently no valid procedure to calculate intrathecally produced IgG; in such instances sensitive electrophoretic or isoelectric focusing methods demonstrating oligoclonal IgG bands are most appropriate to demonstrate intrathecal IgG production.
journal_name
Ann Neuroljournal_title
Annals of neurologyauthors
Lefvert AK,Link Hdoi
10.1002/ana.410170105subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
13-20issue
1eissn
0364-5134issn
1531-8249journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Averaged electroencephalographic activity related to rhythmic jerking movements was recorded in a patient with a complex neurological symptomatology. The diagnosis of a functional disorder was strongly suggested by his clinical course, inconsistent findings from physical examination, and negative workup. His abnormal ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410200614
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is currently no effective pharmacological treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Because evidence suggests that multiple pathways may contribute to ALS pathogenesis, we tested in a mouse model of ALS (SOD1(G37R) mice) a combination approach consisting of three drugs for distinct targets in the comple...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.10500
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using placebo data from 3 randomized multiple sclerosis (MS) trials with uniform inclusion criteria, we investigated heterogeneity of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression by geographical areas. Our analysis revealed a significantly lower EDSS progression in Eastern European countries (10.8%) compared wi...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/ana.25323
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective study of 162 patients with adult-onset chronic epilepsy revealed 4 in whom computed tomographic scanning was the only diagnostic test that detected the presence of a surgically correctable cerebral lesion. These patients had suffered from seizures for 1 to 14 years and at the time of operation demonstrat...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410070411
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present the clinicopathological features of two siblings from a consanguineous marriage who presented with respiratory hypoventilation and died 10 days and 4 years later, respectively. This disorder showed extensive tau neuropathology, and both had a novel homozygous S352L tau gene mutation. This is the first descr...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.10747
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult GM2 gangliosidosis is a rare disorder that often presents with both neurological and psychiatric syndromes. Effective treatment of the psychotic and affective symptoms associated with this disorder has been complicated by poor treatment response and the concern that many psychotropic agents may worsen the underl...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.410310320
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-acetylaspartate (NAA) contributes to the most prominent signal in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the adult human brain. We report the absence of NAA in the brain of a 3-year-old child with neurodevelopmental retardation and moderately delayed myelination. Since normal concentration of NAA in body...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study was undertaken to determine whether normobaric hypoxia causes elevated brain volume and intracranial pressure in individuals with symptoms consistent with acute mountain sickness (AMS). METHODS:Thirteen males age = (26 (sd 6)) years were exposed to normobaric hypoxia (12% O2 ) and normoxia (21% O2 ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.24171
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenotype of severe congenital hydrocephalus secondary to neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM) gene mutations includes the distinct finding of brainstem corticospinal tract hypoplasia. Using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), we failed to demonstrate anisotropy in the corticospinal tracts of the basis pontis in...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in endoneurial fluid pressure (EFP) and morphology were studied in rat sciatic nerves frozen for 60 seconds with a cryoprobe designed for human cryoanalgesia. The onset of increased EFP was rapid, and a peak of 23 cm H2O was reached within 90 minutes after injury. EFP levels returned to normal 32 days after fr...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410100512
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the clinical, radiological, and neuropathological features of selective brainstem injury in an asphyxiated term infant. Disproportionate injury to thalamus, basal ganglia, and brainstem with relative sparing of cortex and subcortical white matter is observed occasionally after acute total asphyxia. Although ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410230115
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous imaging studies using 11C-flumazenil in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and neocortical partial seizure disorders have found focal decreases in gamma-aminobutyric acid type A/benzodiazepine receptor binding. These studies used subjective visual assessment and a region of interest approach to quant...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410400210
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the relationship between cerebral activity (measured with positron emission tomography) and word rate in normal subjects and aphasic patients listening to monosyllabic words at rates up to those encountered in normal speech. By measuring the slope of the regression of the individual activity-word rate ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.10181
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Splice-site and missense mutations have been identified in tau associated with frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. In this study we assessed the genetic contribution of tau mutations to three patient series with non-Alzheimer's (non-AD) degenerative dementia. The groups included (1) a co...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1531-8249(199908)46:2<243::aid-ana14>3.0.c
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to investigate the role of CD8+ CD25+ FoxP3+ cells during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS:Peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CD8+ T-cell clones (TCCs) recognizing autoreactive CD4+ T cells were isolated from 20 MS patients during exacerbations, 15 pa...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.21944
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is the most frequently inherited ataxia. To test the hypothesis that iron is increased in the cerebellum of patients with FA, we developed a multigradient echo magnetic resonance sequence for the three-dimensional imaging of brain iron-induced contrast. Relaxation rate (R2*) values in the unaf...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1531-8249(199907)46:1<123::aid-ana19>3.0.c
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intranuclear inclusions are one of the ultrastructural hallmarks of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD), a disorder caused by small polyalanine (GCG) expansions in the gene that codes for a ubiquitous nuclear protein called poly(A) binding protein 2 (PABP2). We studied OPMD skeletal muscle and found that 1.0 to ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the prognostic implications of epilepsy duration and age at surgery for seizure outcomes after frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) surgery. METHODS:We reviewed 158 patients who underwent FLE surgery from 1995 to 2010. The primary outcome was seizure freedom at last follow-up (Engel class IA). Analyses emp...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.23862
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggregated tau proteins constitute the basic matrix of neuronal inclusions specific to numerous neurodegenerative disorders. Monodimensional and two-dimensional Western blot analyses performed on cortical brain homogenates allowed discrimination between disease-specific tau protein profiles. These observations raised ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410430209
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six patients with Parkinson's disease were followed for 10 to 72 months after human embryonic mesencephalic tissue from four to seven donors was grafted unilaterally into the putamen (4 patients) or putamen plus caudate (2 patients). After 8 to 12 months, positron emission tomography showed a 68% increase of 6-L-[18F]...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410420115
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Case series with (11)C-PK11195 and positron emission tomography (PET) in stroke patients suggest that activated microglia may be detected in remote brain regions with fiber tract connections to the lesion site as an indicator of poststroke neuroinflammation. However, the specificity of these imaging findings ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.21796
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common idiopathic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The distinction between MS and other benign or fulminant inflammatory demyelinating disorders is based on quantitative, rather than qualitative, differences in chronicity and severity. Primary progressive MS may d...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.410360704
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Pituitary dysfunction is a recognized consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that causes cognitive, psychological, and metabolic impairment. Hormone replacement offers a therapeutic opportunity. Blast TBI (bTBI) from improvised explosive devices is commonly seen in soldiers returning from recent conflict...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.23958
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The titer of the scrapie agent was determined by measurements of time intervals from inoculation to onset of illness and from inoculation to death. Both intervals were found to be inversely proportional to the size of the dose injected intracerebrally into random-bred weanling Syrian hamsters. The logarithms of the ti...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410110406
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::B cells have long played an enigmatic role in the scenario of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of B-cell trafficking, survival, and differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). We propose four possible routes of intrathecal immunoglobulin-producing ce...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.20890
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated neuropathy, in which leukocytes and humoral components of the immune system proposedly initiate localized inflammation. An important pathogenic role for anti-GM1 ganglioside antibodies has been suggested. Therefore, we evaluated anti-GM1 IgG antibody-induced leukocyt...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.10503
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A chronic remitting-relapsing form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been produced in monkeys sensitized to homologous myelin basic protein in Freund's complete adjuvants by the technique of suboptimal treatment after the onset of disease. Not only does the clinical course resemble that of human mul...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410240608
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We identified two new mutations in 2 white patients with muscle lactate dehydrogenase deficiency. Both patients had exercise intolerance, cramps, and recurrent myoglobinuria. One patient was homozygous for a 2-bp deletion in exon 5, resulting in a frameshift with premature termination of translation. The second patien...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410360418
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the first molecular defect in an NADH-dehydrogenase gene presenting as isolated myopathy. The proband had lifelong exercise intolerance but no weakness. A muscle biopsy showed cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-positive ragged-red fibers (RRFs), and analysis of the mitochondrial enzymes revealed complex I deficiency...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1531-8249(199906)45:6<820::aid-ana22>3.0.c
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunohistochemical examination of 20 Down's syndrome brains, using antibodies to alpha-, beta-, and gamma-synuclein, demonstrated many alpha-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies and dystrophic neurites in 50% of amygdala samples from Down's syndrome brains with Alzheimer's disease. Similar lesions were less common in other...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1531-8249(199903)45:3<353::aid-ana11>3.0.c
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00