Abstract:
:RNA was synthesized in vitro from a T3 DNA template by T3 RNA polymerase and subsequently separated into seven discrete size classes (molecular weights ranging between 0.21 x 10(6) and 6.2 x 10(6)) by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide slab gels. RNase T1-generated 3'-terminal oligonucleotide fragments were then selectively isolated from either the unfractionated total RNA or the gel-purified specific transcripts by chromatography on columns of dihydroxyboryl-cellulose. Sequence analysis of these oligonucleotide products indicated that the unfractionated transcripts as well as all the individual major RNA species examined had a unique sequence, (Gp)UpUpUpUpUpGOH, at their 3' termini. The specificity of this sequence, as well as the total lack of any sequence heterogeneity at the ends of these transcripts, indicates a high degree of specificity of termination during transcription in this system.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Majumder HK,Maitra U,Rosenberg Mdoi
10.1073/pnas.76.10.5110subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-10-01 00:00:00pages
5110-3issue
10eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Most mammalian cell types, including endothelial cells, respond to cell swelling by activating a Cl- current termed ICl,swell, but it is not known how the physical stimulus of cell swelling is transferred to the channels underlying ICl,swell. We have investigated the precise relation between cell volume and ICl,swell ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.9.5298
更新日期:1999-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Capsaicin is a unique alkaloid of the plant kingdom restricted to the genus Capsicum. Capsaicin is the pungency factor, a bioactive molecule of food and of medicinal importance. Capsaicin is useful as a counterirritant, antiarthritic, analgesic, antioxidant, and anticancer agent. Capsaicin biosynthesis involves conden...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605805103
更新日期:2006-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::In eukaryotes, ubiquitination is an important posttranslational process achieved through a cascade of ubiquitin-activating (E1), conjugating (E2), and ligase (E3) enzymes. Many pathogenic bacteria deliver virulence factors into the host cell that function as E3 ligases. How these bacterial "Trojan horses" integrate in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1115025109
更新日期:2012-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Directionality of signaling among brain regions provides essential information about human cognition and disease states. Assessing such effective connectivity (EC) across brain states using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) alone has proven difficult, however. We propose a novel measure of EC, termed metabo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1513752113
更新日期:2016-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::A gene's expression pattern provides clues to its role in normal physiology and disease. To provide quantitative expression levels on a genome-wide scale, the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP) uses serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Over 5 million transcript tags from more than 100 human cell types have bee...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.152324199
更新日期:2002-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Conjugative DNA transfer of the self-transmissible broad-host-range plasmid RP4 is initiated by strand- and site-specific cleavage at the nick site (nic) of the transfer origin (oriT). Cleavage results in covalent attachment of the plasmid-encoded relaxase (TraI) to the 5'-terminal 2'-deoxycytidine residue at nic. We ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.7.2925
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein kinases are important mediators of much of the signal transduction that occurs in eukaryotic cells. Unfortunately, the identification of protein kinase substrates has proven to be a difficult task, and we generally know few, if any, of the physiologically relevant targets of any particular kinase. Here, we des...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501046102
更新日期:2005-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::The free energy difference between complexes of the restriction nuclease EcoRI with nonspecific DNA and with the enzyme's recognition sequence is linearly dependent on the water chemical potential of the solution, set using several very different solutes, ranging from glycine and glycerol to triethylene glycol and suc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.22.12272
更新日期:1996-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Human T lymphocytes were shown to proliferate in response to tetanus toxoid antigen only in the presence of macrophages. This response was inhibited by anti-DRw but not by anti-HLA (A and B loci) antisera added to the cultures and by pretreatment of macrophages but not of T cells with anti-DRw antisera and complement....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.8.4038
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in situ stimulation of Fe(III) oxide reduction by Geobacter bacteria leads to the concomitant precipitation of hexavalent uranium [U(VI)] from groundwater. Despite its promise for the bioremediation of uranium contaminants, the biological mechanism behind this reaction remains elusive. Because Fe(III) oxide reduct...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1108616108
更新日期:2011-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Protein framework alterations in heritable Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) mutants cause misassembly and aggregation in cells affected by the motor neuron disease ALS. However, the mechanistic relationship between superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mutations and human disease is controversial, with many hypotheses postul...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1308531111
更新日期:2014-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the mechanisms by which compounds discovered using cell-based phenotypic screening strategies might exert their effects would be highly augmented by new approaches exploring their potential interactions with the genome. For example, altered androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional programs, including castr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1404303111
更新日期:2014-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle plasminogen activators (PAs), such as urokinase-like PA and, to a lesser extent, tissue PA, increase dramatically after denervation induced by axotomy. The PA/plasmin system has also been implicated in degradation of specific components of the muscle fiber basement membrane after local activation of plasminogen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.8.2926
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of normal human cardiac excitation stems from isolated heart or intraoperative mapping studies under nonphysiological conditions. Here, we use a noninvasive imaging modality (electrocardiographic imaging) to study normal activation and repolarization in intact unanesthetized healthy adults under complete phy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0601533103
更新日期:2006-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::The Hyal-1 locus, which we have previously described and mapped to mouse chromosome 9, influences the serum levels and molecular weight forms of hyaluronidase. We have also shown that the growth of two transplantable tumors, the 3LL carcinoma and the B16F10 melanoma, is influenced by the alleles at Hyal-1, in that the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5708
更新日期:1993-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal-dominant disease characterized by the development of hundreds of adenomatous polyps of the colorectum. Approximately 80% of FAP patients can be shown to have truncating mutations of the APC gene. To determine the cause of FAP in the other 20% of patients, MAMA (mono...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2322
更新日期:1999-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cells are exposed to changes in extracellular stimulus concentration that vary as a function of rate. However, how cells integrate information conveyed from stimulation rate along with concentration remains poorly understood. Here, we examined how varying the rate of stress application alters budding yeast mitogen-act...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2004998118
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR (RGF) 1 is an important peptide hormone that regulates root growth. Upon binding to its receptor, RGFR1, RGF1 regulates the expression of two transcription factors, PLETHORA 1 and 2 (PLT1/2), to influence root meristem development. Here, we show that the ubiquitin-specific proteases UBP12 a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1714177115
更新日期:2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Intercropping, which grows at least two crop species on the same pieces of land at the same time, can increase grain yields greatly. Legume-grass intercrops are known to overyield because of legume nitrogen fixation. However, many agricultural soils are deficient in phosphorus. Here we show that a new mechanism of ove...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0704591104
更新日期:2007-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The S region of the murine major histocompatibility complex contains two structurally related genes (21-OHase A and 21-OHase B) that encode 21-hydroxylase (21-OHase), an enzyme essential for the synthesis of adrenal steroids. Expression of these two genes has been analyzed by using oligonucleotide probes specific for ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.23.7860
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motifs of neural circuitry seem surprisingly conserved over different areas of neocortex or of paleocortex, while performing quite different sensory processing tasks. This apparent paradox may be resolved by the fact that seemingly different problems in sensory information processing are related by transformations (ch...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15440
更新日期:1996-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic evolution of altruism (i.e., a behavior resulting in a net reduction of the survival and/or reproduction of an actor to benefit a recipient) once perplexed biologists because it seemed paradoxical in a Darwinian world. More than half a century ago, W. D. Hamilton explained that when interacting individuals...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.2013596117
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Egg laying hormone, a peptide neurohormone with an approximate molecular weight of 6000, was isolated from the region of the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia that contains the neuroendocrine bag cells and purified by gel filtration chromatography, isoelectric focusing, and dialysis. A 1-min local application of egg layin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.11.5732
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most organisms, light plays a key role in the synchronization of the circadian timing system with the environmental day-night cycle. Light pulses that phase-shift the circadian clock also induce the expression of period (per) genes in vertebrates. Here, we report the cloning of a zebrafish per gene, zfper4, which i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0305436101
更新日期:2004-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Adults and older children are more likely to punish a wrongdoer for a moral transgression when the victim belongs to their group. Building on these results, in violation-of-expectation experiments (n = 198), we examined whether 2.5-year-old toddlers (Exps. 1 and 2) and 1-year-old infants (Exps. 3 and 4) would selectiv...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1817849116
更新日期:2019-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) family of transcription factors controls the biosynthesis of cholesterol and other lipids, and lipid synthesis is critical for cell growth and proliferation. We were, therefore, interested in the expression and activity of SREBPs during the cell cycle. We found tha...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501494102
更新日期:2005-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Injection of 3':5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP) into larvae of the fly Sarcophaga bullata 3-4 hr before the beginning of puparium formation (red-spiracle stage) greatly accelerates the onset of tanning without affecting initiation of puparium formation (anterior retraction). Accelerated tanning resembles real tanning in two impo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.5.2182
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gating currents of the cloned delayed-rectifier K+ channel DRK1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes were measured with the open-oocyte Vaseline-gap voltage-clamp technique. DRK1 gating charge had the following salient properties: (i) gating-charge amplitude correlated positively with size of the expressed ionic K+ currents; ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.10.4758
更新日期:1993-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. The transcriptional corepressor CtBP (carboxyl-terminal binding protein) also plays a fundamental role in these processes. Our previous studies indicate that HIPK2 participates in a pathw...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0409373102
更新日期:2005-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::For most intracellular structures with larger than molecular dimensions, little is known about the connection between underlying molecular activities and higher order organization such as size and shape. Here, we show that both the size and shape of the amphibian oocyte nucleolus ultimately arise because nucleoli beha...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1017150108
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00