Cisplatin nephrotoxicity: role of filtration and tubular transport of cisplatin in isolated perfused kidneys.

abstract：:Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a commonly used diethylphosphorothionate organophosphorus (OP) insecticide. Diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) are products of both in vivo metabolism and environmental degradation of CPF and are routinely measured in urine as biomarkers of ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Busby-Hjerpe AL,Campbell JA,Smith JN,Lee S,Poet TS,Barr DB,Timchalk C

更新日期：2010-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The scandal of melamine-contamination has not been quite blown out, since the toxicity of melamine continues to raise concerns for public health. It has been well known that fetus and infant periods play the most important roles in brain development, whereas little has been done on the harmful effects of melamine on t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yang J,An L,Yao Y,Yang Z,Zhang T

更新日期：2011-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The carcinogenic response of NZO/BlGd inbred mice of both sexes to oral N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine (NHEX) was investigated at 2 differing dose rates, but equal cumulative doses. Mice received 52 mg NHEX (2 mg/g body wt) in drinking water over either an 8-week period (200 mg/l) or a 32-week period (50 mg/l), and were ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Goodall CM,Lijinsky W

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell detachment and cloning efficiency of Baby Hamster Kidney cells (BHK-21 C13) were used as parameters to quantify cytotoxicity in vitro of 3 endogenous chemicals (glutathione, L-methionine, L-cysteine HCl) and 4 organotin compounds (tributyltinoxide, tributyltinchloride, tetrabutyltin, tetraphenyltin). IC50 values ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Reinhardt CA,Schawalder H,Zbinden G

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of regulated exocytosis by botulinum toxins type A and B was studied in chromaffin cells. Both virtually abolished catecholamine release triggered from intact cells by depolarising stimuli, whereas the blockade by type A, but not B, was only partial after cell permeabilisation and direct stimulation of exoc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lawrence GW,Foran P,Oliver Dolly J

更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium is a heavy metal, which is widely used in industry, affecting human health through occupational and environmental exposure. In mammals, it exerts multiple toxic effects and has been classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Cadmium affects cell proliferation, differen...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Waisberg M,Joseph P,Hale B,Beyersmann D

更新日期：2003-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead exposure causes cognitive and behavioral deficits in some children. We have proposed that the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the human pseudodeficient arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene that result in reduced levels of the enzyme, and lead concentrations that decrease ARSA activity, culminate in cel...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chen XG,Poretz RD

更新日期：2001-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the impact on health of exposure to a low-dose pesticide mixture via food intake is a topical question since epidemiological studies suggest that this may increase the risk of pathologies and particularly haematopoietic malignancies. Here we investigated on the haematopoietic system of mice, the effect of a m...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Merhi M,Demur C,Racaud-Sultan C,Bertrand J,Canlet C,Estrada FB,Gamet-Payrastre L

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium, an environmental neurotoxic compound, produces cognitive disorders, although the mechanism remains unknown. Previously, we described that cadmium induces a more pronounced cell death on cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain (BF). This effect, partially mediated by M1 receptor blockade, triggering it throug...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Moyano P,de Frias M,Lobo M,Anadon MJ,Sola E,Pelayo A,Díaz MJ,Frejo MT,Del Pino J

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clarification of the key regulatory steps that lead to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) under cellular and pathological conditions is very important. The action of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the upstream of NF-kappaB activation remains controversial. To examine this issue using an in vivo lung in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kim HJ,Lee HS,Chong YH,Kang JL

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy metal neurotoxicity is one of the major challenges in today's era due to the large scale and widespread mechanisation of the production. However, the causative factors responsible for neurotoxicity are neither known nor do we have the availability of therapeutic approaches to deal with it. One of the major causa...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Namgyal D,Ali S,Mehta R,Sarwat M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell death triggers the release into extracellular spaces of products of chromatin catabolism, particularly of DNA. A sensitive DNA assay has been used to investigate in the mouse whether the quantitation of plasma DNA may be used as an index of in vivo cytotoxicity. It has been found that toxic doses of bacterial lip...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bret L,Lulé J,Alary C,Appolinaire-Pilipenko S,Pourrat JP,Fournié GJ

更新日期：1990-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurement of lymphocyte proliferation to detect hypersensitivity to beryllium (Be-LPT) in vitro is done presently using a method based on tritiated thymidine incorporation. Although this method is sensitive it gives no information on cell viability or responding lymphocyte subsets. We have developed reliable and sim...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Farris GM,Newman LS,Frome EL,Shou Y,Barker E,Habbersett RC,Maier L,Smith HN,Marrone BL

更新日期：2000-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is highly toxic in experimental animals, and is known to induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene expression. We investigated the effect of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 variant genotypes and haplotypes on CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mRNA expression and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in lym...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Landi MT,Bergen AW,Baccarelli A,Patterson DG Jr,Grassman J,Ter-Minassian M,Mocarelli P,Caporaso N,Masten SA,Pesatori AC,Pittman GS,Bell DA

更新日期：2005-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxic oil syndrome (TOS), a multisystemic disease, that occurred in Spain in 1981, was caused by the ingestion of rapeseed oil denatured with 2% aniline. Due to the clinical course of the disease, immunopathological mechanisms have been suspected but a direct connection was never demonstrated. To analyse this poss...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gallardo S,del Pozo V,Cárdaba B,de Andrés B,Martín-Orozco E,Fernandez JC,Tramón P,Posada M,Abaitua I,Palomino P

更新日期：1994-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrazine (ATZ) is used throughout North America to control annual broadleaf weeds and grasses in various crops including; corn, sorghum, and sugar cane. Unfortunately, contamination of surface and ground water has occurred as a result of ATZ's chemical and physical properties, and its widespread use throughout the U.S...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Karrow NA,McCay JA,Brown RD,Musgrove DL,Guo TL,Germolec DR,White KL Jr

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction with exposure to anthropogenic contaminants is a critical concern in biomedical and ecological health. Importantly, understanding the role of mitotoxicants in modulating organismal fitness and survival, particularly in the context of species' resilience to shifts in abiotic factors with clima...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jayasundara N

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of D- and L-T3 were compared in male SK & F Wistar rats to define overall effects on the 'pituitary-thyroid-liver axis' at high doses. After in vivo administration of L-T3 (up to 1 mg/kg orally, or up to 0.1 mg/kg subcutaneously) serum TSH and T4 were decreased in a dose-related manner. Similarly, followin...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jones CA,Brown CG,Dickens TA,Atterwill CK

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity to HeLa cells of 29 plasticizers was determined in the MIT-24 test system. The 7-day IC50 for HeLa cells varied from 260 to 1.5 g/l. Phthalates, adipates, sebacates, azelates and phosphates with long carbon chain alcohols were very non-toxic to the cells, probably due to insolubility in water of the compo...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ekwall B,Nordensten C,Albanus L

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a trichothecene mycotoxin, is well known to be cytotoxic to mammalian cells. Our previous study revealed that FX induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes both in vivo and in vitro. We investigated the mode of apoptosis induced by FX using HL-60 cell culture. When FX at a final concentration of 0.5 micro...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Miura K,Aminova L,Murayama Y

更新日期：2002-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most common chronic interstitial lung diseases with high mortality rate after diagnosis and limited successful treatment. The present study was designed to assess the potential antifibrotic effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and whether TQ can attenuate the severity of oxidative stress and in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： El-Khouly D,El-Bakly WM,Awad AS,El-Mesallamy HO,El-Demerdash E

更新日期：2012-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Although NO2-induced cytotoxic responses have been well characterized, the specific mechanisms responsible for initiating toxicity remain equivocal. The inhomogeneous distribution of epithelial injury suggests that differential interactions between NO2 and the lung surfaces may contribute to the extent of regional res...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Postlethwait EM,Bidani A

更新日期：1994-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:This review presents a brief and non-comprehensive overview of a representative sampling of some of the broad array of toxicology-related learning, tutorial and information resources now becoming widely available to educators, health professionals, students and the general public in digital media and/or via the Intern...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sharpe JF,Eaton DL,Marcus CB

更新日期：2001-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1975, in cooperation with 8 County Hygienic Stations, total mercury content in fish from rivers and lakes in Hungary was measured. The mercury content in fish muscle-tissue from 164 fish samples averaged 0.36 mg/kg. Average levels in different fish species ranged from 0.10 to 0.57 mg/kg. The amount of mercury in fi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gergely A,Soós K,Erdélyi L,Cieleszky V

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since predictive differentiation of photoallergenic from phototoxic reactions, induced by low molecular weight compounds, represents a current problem, we tried to improve the differentiation between the two reactions by using a modified protocol of the local lymph node assay (LLNA). Briefly, groups of female BALB/c m...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ulrich P,Homey B,Vohr HW

更新日期：1998-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of dose and duration of treatment with chromium on its distribution in certain vital organs and the blood of rats has been investigated. The accumulation of metal was highest in liver and kidneys, followed by testes, brain and blood and was rather more dependent on the dose than on the duration of exposure....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tandon SK,Behari JR,Kachru DN

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats which were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with FeCl2 X 4H2O expired ethane which increased with increasing doses of iron. The same amount of ethane was expired by animals exposed to 20% or 100% oxygen. The mobilization by FeCl2 of stored ethane from the body was excluded. Propane expiration was also stimulated ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Muliawan H,Kappus H

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycotoxins (frequently referred to as secondary metabolites of toxigenic fungi) are commonly found in foodstuffs and are important because of their association with disease. The mycotoxin diacetoxyscirpenol, or 3-hydroxy-4,15-diacetoxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (DAS), is produced by numerous species of Fusarium and ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Mayura K,Smith EE,Clement BA,Harvey RB,Kubena LF,Phillips TD

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel dexrazoxane derivative JR-311 was prepared to investigate structure-activity relationships and mechanism(s) of protection against anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Its cardioprotective, antiproliferative, iron (Fe) chelation and inhibitory and/or depletory activities on topoisomerase IIbeta (TOP2B) were examined and...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bures J,Jirkovska A,Sestak V,Jansova H,Karabanovich G,Roh J,Sterba M,Simunek T,Kovarikova P

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies have demonstrated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adversely affect mature mammalian immune systems. However, little is known about the cellular mechanism(s) mediating this immunosuppression or the potential for these ubiquitous environmental chemicals to similarly compromise lymphocyte development (...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hinoshita F,Hardin JA,Sherr DH

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00