Detection and identification of activated oncogenes in spontaneously occurring benign and malignant hepatocellular tumors of the B6C3F1 mouse.

abstract：:We have generated mutants of Escherichia coli formylmethionine initiator tRNA in which one, two, and all three G X C base pairs in the GGGCCC sequence in the anticodon stem are changed to those found in E. coli elongator methionine tRNA. Overproduction of the mutant tRNAs using M13 recombinants as an expression vector...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seong BL,RajBhandary UL

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From what viruses the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) originated is an extremely controversial question. To address this question, we have analyzed nucleotide sequences of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) and HIVs by using the techniques for understanding molecular evolution. In particular, we compared the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gojobori T,Moriyama EN,Ina Y,Ikeo K,Miura T,Tsujimoto H,Hayami M,Yokoyama S

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depolarization of isolated nerve terminals (synaptosomes) has been shown to stimulate neurotransmitter release and to increase the phosphorylation state of a number of proteins, including synapsin I, in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Synapsin I, a prominent nerve terminal phosphoprotein, interacts with the cytoplasmic surfa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sihra TS,Wang JK,Gorelick FS,Greengard P

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By the combined use of DNase I footprinting, electrophoretic mobility-shift assay, and methylation interference analysis, we have identified a series of sequence-specific protein-DNA interactions in the 5' flanking region of the rat osteocalcin gene. Stimulation of osteocalcin gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markose ER,Stein JL,Stein GS,Lian JB

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kss1, a yeast mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), in its unphosphorylated (unactivated) state binds directly to and represses Ste12, a transcription factor necessary for expression of genes whose promoters contain filamentous response elements (FREs) and genes whose promoters contain pheromone response elements (...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bardwell L,Cook JG,Zhu-Shimoni JX,Voora D,Thorner J

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Declining biodiversity and ecosystem functions put many of nature's contributions to people at risk. We review and synthesize the scientific literature to assess 50-y global trends across a broad range of nature's contributions. We distinguish among trends in potential and realized contributions of nature, as well as ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brauman KA,Garibaldi LA,Polasky S,Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y,Brancalion PHS,DeClerck F,Jacob U,Mastrangelo ME,Nkongolo NV,Palang H,Pérez-Méndez N,Shannon LJ,Shrestha UB,Strombom E,Verma M

更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The biological function of the soluble form of the amyloid beta-protein (ABP) was examined by assaying its interaction with neuronal receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. ABP weakly activated tachykinin receptors, but in the presence of N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4- propionate-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kimura H,Schubert D

更新日期：1993-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Control over the fluorescence of supramolecular assemblies is crucial for the development of chemosensors and light-emitting materials. Consequently, the postsynthetic modification of supramolecular structures via host-guest interactions has emerged as an efficient strategy in recent years that allows the facile tunin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang M,Yin S,Zhang J,Zhou Z,Saha ML,Lu C,Stang PJ

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Freshwater planarian flatworms are capable of regenerating complete organisms from tiny fragments of their bodies; the basis for this regenerative prowess is an experimentally accessible stem cell population that is present in the adult planarian. The study of these organisms, classic experimental models for investiga...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Newmark PA,Reddien PW,Cebrià F,Sánchez Alvarado A

更新日期：2003-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the importance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species toxicity in aging and senescence, we analyzed changes in mitochondrial function with age in mice with partial or complete deficiencies in the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Liver mitochondria from homozygous ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kokoszka JE,Coskun P,Esposito LA,Wallace DC

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) has been used successfully in the treatment of cancer-related anemia. Clinical observations with several patients with multiple-myeloma treated with rHuEpo has shown, in addition to the improved quality of life, a longer survival than expected, considering the poor prognostic ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mittelman M,Neumann D,Peled A,Kanter P,Haran-Ghera N

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In healthy adults, activation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) and glycine receptors inhibits neurons as a result of low intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl(-)](i)), which is maintained by the potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2. A reduction of KCC2 expression or function is implicated in the pathogenesis of s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bos R,Sadlaoud K,Boulenguez P,Buttigieg D,Liabeuf S,Brocard C,Haase G,Bras H,Vinay L

更新日期：2013-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In view of the extensive literature on phytochrome mutants in the Ler accession of Arabidopsis, we sought to secure a phytochrome-null line in the same genetic background for comparative studies. Here we report the isolation and phenotypic characterization of phyABCDE quintuple and phyABDE quadruple mutants in the Ler...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu W,Franklin KA,Sharrock RA,Jones MA,Harmer SL,Lagarias JC

更新日期：2013-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A 978-base-pair gene that encodes thymidylate synthase (TS; 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:dUMP C-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.45) from Lactobacillus casei has been synthesized and inserted into Escherichia coli expression vectors. The DNA sequence contains 35 unique restriction sites that are located an average of 28 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Climie S,Santi DV

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activator protein, Tat, specifically stimulates transcription from the viral long terminal repeat. Tat binds to an RNA stem-loop structure encoded by the trans-activation response region (TAR). To test whether TAR is functional when displaced downstream of the star...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Churcher MJ,Lowe AD,Gait MJ,Karn J

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The promoter of the bean PAL2 gene (encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; EC 4.3.1.5) is a model for studies of tissue-restricted gene expression in plants. Petal epidermis is one of the tissues in which this promoter is activated in tobacco. Previous work suggested that a major factor establishing the pattern of PAL2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sablowski RW,Baulcombe DC,Bevan M

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined intracellular and microfluorometric recording techniques were used to evaluate whether the inhibition by cholinergic or adrenergic transmitters of the Ca2(+)-activated potassium current (IAHP) in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells was mediated by an alteration of depolarization-induced change in cytosolic free C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knöpfel T,Vranesic I,Gähwiler BH,Brown DA

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We are interested in the balance of energy and protein synthesis in bacterial growth. How has evolution optimized this balance? We describe an analytical model that leverages extensive literature data on growth laws to infer the underlying fitness landscape and to draw inferences about what evolution has optimized in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maitra A,Dill KA

更新日期：2015-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty percent of the 189 tumors studied to date express DNA polymerase beta variants. One of these variants was identified in a prostate carcinoma and is altered from isoleucine to methionine at position 260, within the hydrophobic hinge region of the protein. Another variant was identified in a colon carcinoma and i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sweasy JB,Lang T,Starcevic D,Sun KW,Lai CC,Dimaio D,Dalal S

更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Inspite of several stimulating developments in gene therapy, the formulation of a targeted gene delivery "vector" is still far from ideal. We have demonstrated the potential of reconstituted Sendai viral envelopes containing only the fusion glycoprotein (F-virosomes) in targeted delivery of reporter genes to liver cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramani K,Hassan Q,Venkaiah B,Hasnain SE,Sarkar DP

更新日期：1998-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The reversible phosphorylation of tyrosine residues is an important mechanism for modulating biological processes such as cellular signaling, differentiation, and growth, and if deregulated, can result in various types of cancer. Therefore, an understanding of these dynamic cellular processes at the molecular level re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Salomon AR,Ficarro SB,Brill LM,Brinker A,Phung QT,Ericson C,Sauer K,Brock A,Horn DM,Schultz PG,Peters EC

更新日期：2003-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The translocation of lipids from the inner to the outer membrane of Escherichia coli has been investigated by pulse-chase experiments. After a pulse with [2-3H]glycerol, the specific activity of the newly synthesized [3H]phosphatidylethanolamine was 5 times greater in the inner than in the outer membrane. During the c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donohue-Rolfe AM,Schaechter M

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics of refolding of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) have been examined upon dilution of unfolded enzyme in 4.5 M urea to 1.29 M urea in 0.02 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) at 10 degrees C. Changes in the intrinsic protein fluorescence on refolding are characterized by four phases. Based on ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frieden C

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The progesterone receptor (PGR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor with key roles in the regulation of female fertility. Much has been learned of the actions of PGR signaling through the use of pharmacologic inhibitors and genetic manipulation, using mouse mutagenesis. Characterization of rats with a null muta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kubota K,Cui W,Dhakal P,Wolfe MW,Rumi MA,Vivian JL,Roby KF,Soares MJ

更新日期：2016-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetic analysis of dynamic-contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI data yields K(trans) and k(ep), two parameters independently measuring the capillary wall contrast reagent transfer rate. The almost universally used standard model (SM) embeds the implicit assumption that equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange is...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang W,Li X,Morris EA,Tudorica LA,Seshan VE,Rooney WD,Tagge I,Wang Y,Xu J,Springer CS

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) are key drivers of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, which profoundly impedes the clinical response to immune-dependent and conventional therapeutic modalities. As a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM), TAMCs are massively recruited to reach up to 50% of the brain tumor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang P,Miska J,Lee-Chang C,Rashidi A,Panek WK,An S,Zannikou M,Lopez-Rosas A,Han Y,Xiao T,Pituch KC,Kanojia D,Balyasnikova IV,Lesniak MS

更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss or reduction in function of tumor suppressor genes contributes to tumorigenesis. Here, by allelic DNA copy number analysis using single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array and mass spectrometry, we report homozygous deletion in glioblastoma multiformes at chromosome 13q21, where DACH1 gene is located. We fou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Watanabe A,Ogiwara H,Ehata S,Mukasa A,Ishikawa S,Maeda D,Ueki K,Ino Y,Todo T,Yamada Y,Fukayama M,Saito N,Miyazono K,Aburatani H

更新日期：2011-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The commitment of differentiating cells to a specialized fate is fundamental to the correct assembly of tissues within a multicellular organism. Because commitment is often irreversible, entry into and progression through this phase of development must be tightly regulated. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the mult...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Videau P,Rivers OS,Hurd K,Ushijima B,Oshiro RT,Ende RJ,O'Hanlon SM,Cozy LM

更新日期：2016-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand specificity of a murine gammadelta T-cell receptor-expressing hybridoma (KN6) derived from adult thymocytes has been analyzed in detail. The molecule recognized by the KN6 gammadelta T-cell receptor is expressed on syngeneic cells of various sources (peritoneal macrophages, thymocytes, spleen cells, and Abelson...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonneville M,Ito K,Krecko EG,Itohara S,Kappes D,Ishida I,Kanagawa O,Janeway CA,Murphy DB,Tonegawa S

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Black Death, originating in Asia, arrived in the Mediterranean harbors of Europe in 1347 CE, via the land and sea trade routes of the ancient Silk Road system. This epidemic marked the start of the second plague pandemic, which lasted in Europe until the early 19th century. This pandemic is generally understood as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmid BV,Büntgen U,Easterday WR,Ginzler C,Walløe L,Bramanti B,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2015-03-10 00:00:00