Functional bases of fiber length and angulation in muscle.

Abstract:

:The differences in angulation and length observed for the fibers of anatomical muscles may reflect two distinct mechanical requirements: arrangement for pinnation, reflecting an increase in physiological cross-section and arrangement for equivalent placement of sarcomeres, possibly associated with coordination. The observed differences in fiber angulation and length have different effects upon the responses of sarcomeres, specifically on their extent and rate of shortening and on the force they may generate. The basic mechanisms governing these effects and the various arrangements of muscles are reviewed. Fiber length and angulation in the complex M. adductor mandibulae externus 2 of a lizard were measured stereotactically; these values correlate well with the hypothesis that the muscle shows equivalence and demonstrate that angulation for pinnation is less constant. An outline for the study of muscle architecture and function, detailing the kinds of information require to estimate forces and evaluate muscle and fiber placements, is presented.

journal_name

J Morphol

journal_title

Journal of morphology

authors

Gans C,de Vree F

doi

10.1002/jmor.1051920106

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1987-04-01 00:00:00

pages

63-85

issue

1

eissn

0362-2525

issn

1097-4687

journal_volume

192

pub_type

杂志文章
  • The development of the hexagonally structured egg envelope of the C-O sole (Pleuronichthys coenosus).

    abstract::The surface of a mature, pelagic C-O sole egg is composed of polygonal chambers having four to eight sides, most of which are hexagonally shaped. This honeycomb pattern initially appears on primary oocytes as a thin layer of compact, electron-dense material. Discrete thickenings begin to develop on the envelope of per...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.1051780305

    authors: Stehr CM,Hawkes JW

    更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00

  • Microvascularization and histomorphology of lateral line organs in adult Xenopus laevis.

    abstract::The microvasculariaztion of the lateral line organs (LLOs) of the adult pipid frog, Xenopus laevis was studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts (VCCs) and correlative light microscopy of paraplast embedded tissues sections. Scanning electron micrographs of VCCs revealed that each neuromast w...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20232

    authors: Gerlach N,Minnich B,Lametschwandtner A

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • A novel model of early development in the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana, and its use in assessing the effects of environmental variables on development, emergence, and hatching.

    abstract::The brine shrimp, Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca), is a zooplankton that is commonly used in both basic and applied research. Unfortunately, Artemia embryos are often cultured under conditions that alter early development, and reports based on these cultures oversimplify or fail to describe morphological phenotypes. Th...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20344

    authors: Neumeyer CH,Gerlach JL,Ruggiero KM,Covi JA

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Oviductal structure in a viviparous New Zealand gecko, Hoplodactylus maculatus.

    abstract::Oviductal structure is described in New Zealand's common gecko, Hoplodactylus maculatus, over four reproductive stages (early/mid-vitellogenesis, late vitellogenesis, early pregnancy, late pregnancy), using light, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy. Five regions of the oviduct are recognized: infu...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199710)234:1<51::AID-JMOR5

    authors: Girling JE,Cree A,Guillette LJ Jr

    更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00

  • Do exaggerated chelicerae function as weapons or genitalia in a long-jawed spider? Functional allometric analysis yields an answer.

    abstract::From the elongated neck of the giraffe to the elaborate train of the peacock, extreme traits can result from natural or sexual selection (or both). The extreme chelicerae of the long-jawed spiders (Tetragnatha) present a puzzle: do these exaggerated chelicerae function as weapons or genitalia? Bristowe first proposed ...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.21282

    authors: Danielson-François A,Sullivan HN

    更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00

  • Skull ontogeny and modularity in two species of Lagenorhynchus: Morphological and ecological implications.

    abstract::Comparisons of skull shape between closely related species can provide information on the role that phylogeny and function play in cranial evolution. We used 3D-anatomical landmarks in order to study the skull ontogeny of two closely related species, Lagenorhynchus obscurus and Lagenorhynchus australis, with a total s...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20629

    authors: Del Castillo DL,Viglino M,Flores DA,Cappozzo HL

    更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00

  • Morphological analysis of rat ureteric terminal arterioles in situ.

    abstract::Confocal imaging of Fluo-4, Propidium iodide, and di-8-Anepps loaded ureter were used to study the morphology of terminal arterioles with an inner diameter <50 μm in intact rat ureter. Optical sectioning showed that the muscle coat of the terminal arterioles consisted of a monolayer of highly curved smooth muscle cell...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20135

    authors: Mumtaz S

    更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • Ultrastructural variations in the spermiogenesis of Triatoma infestans induced by temperature changes.

    abstract::The reproductive process in insects may be affected by several factors, among which environmental temperature is one of the most important because of the poikilothermic condition of insects. To determine the effect of suboptimal temperature on the spermiogenic process of Triatoma infestans, males were exposed to 12°C ...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.1052160104

    authors: Giojalas LC

    更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00

  • Embryological staging of the Zebra Finch, Taeniopygia guttata.

    abstract::Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia guttata) are the most commonly used laboratory songbird species, yet their embryological development has been poorly characterized. Most studies to date apply Hamburger and Hamilton stages derived from chicken development; however, significant differences in development between precocial and...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20165

    authors: Murray JR,Varian-Ramos CW,Welch ZS,Saha MS

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Geometric morphometric analysis as a proxy to evaluate age-related change in molar shape variation of low-crowned Notoungulata (Mammalia).

    abstract::Shape and age variation in dentition of Paleogene extinct native South American ungulates (Notoungulata) has been traditionally described using qualitative and quantitative approaches, and has played a controversial role in the systematics of several groups. Such is the case of the Notopithecidae, a group of notoungul...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20766

    authors: Scarano AC,Vera B

    更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00

  • Ultrastructure of spermiogenesis in the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae).

    abstract::Testicular samples were collected to describe the ultrastructure of spermiogenisis in Alligator mississipiensis (American Alligator). Spermiogenesis commences with an acrosome vesicle forming from Golgi transport vesicles. An acrosome granule forms during vesicle contact with the nucleus, and remains posterior until m...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10872

    authors: Gribbins KM,Siegel DS,Anzalone ML,Jackson DP,Venable KJ,Rheubert JL,Elsey RM

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Morphological analysis of the male reproductive accessory glands of the bat Artibeus lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Chiroptera).

    abstract::Bats are distributed worldwide from tropical to temperate regions. Despite their wide geographical radiation and advances in studies using evolutionary approaches, aspects related to the reproduction of these animals remain poorly explored, especially those related to the male reproductive accessory glands (RAGs). Thu...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20767

    authors: Santos RTS,Pires LRM,Albernaz ESS,Andrade CS,Santiago CS,Morielle-Versute E,Taboga SR,Beguelini MR

    更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00

  • The structure of the larval nervous system of Pisaster ochraceus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea).

    abstract::Ultrastructural observations and glyoxilic acid-induced fluorescence of catecholamines indicate that tracts of axons lie at the base of the ciliary bands and run throughout their length in bipinnaria and brachiolaria larvae of Pisaster ochraceus. Two types of nerve cells occur at regular intervals within the ciliary b...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.1051780103

    authors: Burke RD

    更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00

  • Microampullary organs of a freshwater eel-tailed catfish, Plotosus (tandanus) tandanus.

    abstract::Whole body studies of Plotosus tandanus revealed that ampullary pores occur over the entire body of the fish, but are in higher concentrations in the head region. These pores give rise to a short canal (50-60 microm) produced by columnar epithelial cells bound together by tight junctions and desmosomes. At the junctio...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10063

    authors: Whitehead DL,Tibbetts IR,Daddow LY

    更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00

  • External genital morphology of the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta): females are naturally "masculinized".

    abstract::The extravagance and diversity of external genitalia have been well characterized in male primates; however, much less is known about sex differences or variation in female form. Our study represents a departure from traditional investigations of primate reproductive anatomy because we 1) focus on external rather than...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10594

    authors: Drea CM,Weil A

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • Links between the discovery of primates and anatomical comparisons with humans, the chain of being, our place in nature, and racism.

    abstract::I focus on the crucial links between the discovery of nonhuman primates by Westerners, discussions on our place in nature, the chain of being, racism, and the history of primate comparative anatomy and of so-called "anatomical human racial studies." Strikingly, for more than a millennium humans knew more about the int...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20783

    authors: Diogo R

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00

  • The ultrastructure of the anal vesicle of the parasitoid, Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera:Braconidae).

    abstract::The fine structural characteristics of epithelial cells of the anal vesicle in the hymenopteran parasitoid, Microplitis croceipes (Cresson), are similar to those of transport cells. Apical and basal infoldings, an abundance of mitochondria, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes and pinocytotic vesicl...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.1051540205

    authors: Edson KM,Norton WN,Vinson SB

    更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00

  • Immunocytochemical and electrophoretic distribution of cytokeratins in the regenerating epidermis of the lizard Podarcis muralis.

    abstract::Using immunocytochemistry at light- and electron-microscope levels, we studied the distribution of three monoclonal antibodies (AE1, AE2, AE3) specific for mammalian alpha-keratins in regenerating lizard epidermis. We also characterized the keratins expressed during this process by immunoblotting after electrophoretic...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4687(200012)246:3<179::AID-JMOR2>3.0.

    authors: Alibardi L,Maurizii MG,Taddei C

    更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00

  • The structure and development of the pineal complex in the lanternfish Triphoturus mexicanus (family mycotphidae).

    abstract::The pineal complex of the lanterfish Triphoturus mexicans was studied by light and electron microscopy. Receptor, supportive and ganglion cells were identified in the pineal end-vesicle. The presence of receptor cells and the prominent pineal window strongly suggest a photoreceptor function. Numerous unmyelinated nerv...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: McNulty JA,Nafpaktitis BG

    更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00

  • Three-dimensional reconstruction of the odontophoral cartilages of Caenogastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda) using micro-CT: Morphology and phylogenetic significance.

    abstract::Odontophoral cartilages are located in the molluscan buccal mass and support the movement of the radula during feeding. The structural diversity of odontophoral cartilages is currently known only from limited taxa, but this information is important for interpreting phylogeny and for understanding the biomechanical ope...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10699

    authors: Golding RE,Ponder WF,Byrne M

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Convergence vs. Specialization in the ear region of moles (Mammalia).

    abstract::We investigated if and how the inner ear region undergoes similar adaptations in small, fossorial, insectivoran-grade mammals, and found a variety of inner ear phenotypes. In our sample, afrotherian moles (Chrysochloridae) and the marsupial Notoryctes differ from most other burrowing mammals in their relatively short ...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20391

    authors: Crumpton N,Kardjilov N,Asher RJ

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • Structure of supporting elements in the dorsal fin of percid fishes.

    abstract::The dorsal fin is one of the most varied swimming structures in Acanthomorpha, the spiny-finned fishes. This fin can be present as a single contiguous structure supported by bony spines and soft lepidotrichia, or it may be divided into an anterior, spiny dorsal fin and a posterior, soft dorsal fin. The freshwater fish...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.20744

    authors: Weickhardt AF,Feilich KL,Lauder GV

    更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00

  • Heart and the peritoneal cover of the gut sinus in the polychaete Arenicola marina: an ultrastructural and autoradiographic study.

    abstract::To elucidate the cellular mechanism underlying the growth of the peritoneal cover of the gut sinus and the heart in the polychaete Arenicola marina, cellular organization of these structures and proliferative potential of their cells were investigated using electron microscopy and electron microscopic autoradiography....

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10035

    authors: Martynova MG,Chaga OY

    更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00

  • Sperm morphology in the Malagasy rodents (Muroidea: Nesomyinae).

    abstract::The morphology of the spermatozoon of representative species of the subfamily Nesomyinae (Muroidea: Nesomyidae), a monophyletic group of rodents endemic to Madagascar, was examined by light and electron microscopy to determine the sperm head shape and tail length across the species. Marked interspecific differences we...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10889

    authors: Ding X,Leigh CM,Goodman SM,Bedford JM,Carleton MD,Breed WG

    更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00

  • Postembryonic development of Tanystylum bealensis (Pycnogonida, Ammotheidae) from Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada.

    abstract::All developmental stages of Tanystylum bealensis are described. This is the first complete developmental series of a pycnogonid species collected from a natural, rather than a laboratory-reared population. Development proceeds through a series of nine instars from egg to adult, with major defining characteristics of t...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10402

    authors: Gillespie JM,Bain BA

    更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00

  • Neuronal connections and the function of the corpora pedunculata in the brain of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.).

    abstract::The fiber constituents and connections of the calyces - the input-receiving regions - of the corpora pedunculata ("mushroom bodies") were studied in reduced silver preparations from the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.). In the outer synaptic layer of the calyces five fiber classes were distinguished, the...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.1051420103

    authors: Weiss MJ

    更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00

  • Regional variations in the outer retina of atherinomorpha (Beloniformes, Atheriniformes, Cyprinodontiformes: Teleostei): photoreceptors, cone patterns, and cone densities.

    abstract::The outer retinae of adults of 13 atherinomorph species, representing nine different families, were examined by both light and electron microscopy. The retinae were investigated with respect to photoreceptor types, cone densities, and cone patterns. All data were composed to eye maps. This procedure allows an interspe...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10122

    authors: Reckel F,Melzer RR

    更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00

  • Fine structure of the branchial epithelium in the teleost Oreochromis niloticus.

    abstract::We have studied the gill epithelium of Oreochromis niloticus using transmission electron microscopy with the particular interested relationship between cell morphology and osmotic, immunoregulatory, or other non-regulatory functions of the gill. Pavement cells covered the filament epithelium and lamellae of gills, wit...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jmor.10821

    authors: Monteiro SM,Oliveira E,Fontaínhas-Fernandes A,Sousa M

    更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00

  • Architectonic constraints on the hyoid's optimal starting position for suction feeding of fish.

    abstract::During suction feeding teleost fish have to start mouth opening prior to other expansion movements of the head such as operculo-suspensorium abduction. The distribution of the input force over the various expansion movements is determined by the position of the hyoid in the expansion apparatus. Based on a three-dimens...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199604)228:1<1::AID-JMOR1>

    authors: De Visser J,Barel CDN

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • Occipital spine of Orthacanthus (Xenacanthidae, Elasmobranchii): structure and growth.

    abstract::The morphology of 16 occipital spines of the xenacanthid Orthacanthus from Upper Carboniferous deposits of Robinson (Kansas, USA), Nýran (Czech Republic) and Puertollano (Spain) is described. The nonreplaced spines reveal the growth pattern of the shark. Moreover, the relationship between growth and paleoenvironmental...

    journal_title:Journal of morphology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199910)242:1<1::AID-JMOR2>

    authors: Soler-Gijón R

    更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00