Abstract：
:Within the Theory of Dual Radiation Action, the heuristically useful function, gamma(chi), that two energy depositions, a distance chi apart, will result in observable damage can be written in terms of two more fundamental quantities: One, s(chi), describes the structure of the sensitive matrix of the cell. The other, g(chi), describes the probability that two elementary injuries, a distance chi apart, will combine to produce observable damage. A priori, the known enhancement exhibited by gamma(chi) at nanometer separations could be due to an enhancement of s(chi), g(chi) or both. For the endpoint of chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster cells, gamma(chi) has been evaluated from experimental data and s(chi) from a model system. From these g(chi) has been estimated and is roughly constant below approximately 1 micron, decreasing rapidly at larger separations. Thus the enhanced short-range effect appears to be a function more of the spatial characteristics of the target rather than the probability of damage interaction.
journal_name
Radiat Environ Biophysjournal_title
Radiation and environmental biophysicsauthors
Brenner DJdoi
10.1007/BF01210836subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
189-99issue
3eissn
0301-634Xissn
1432-2099journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A number of approaches have been proposed to estimate the exposure of non-human biota to ionizing radiation. This paper reports an inter-comparison of the unweighted absorbed dose rates for the whole organism (compared as dose conversion coefficients, or DCCs) for both internal and external exposure, estimated by 11 o...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-007-0124-1
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data on rats exposed to cigarette smoke before or after exposure to radon are used to estimate smoke-dependent parameters of the biologically based two-stage clonal expansion model. The baseline parameters and the action of radon acting on initiation and promotion were fixed based on earlier work. Cigarette smoke acti...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-005-0006-3
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thorough studies of 28 water bodies, predominantly lakes from the younger moraine area of Schleswig-Holstein, Northern Germany but also some peat bog waters in Niedersachsen, Northern Germany and lake Balaton in Hungary, showed the presence of at least six redox systems: NO3-/NO2-; NO3-/NH4+; NO2-/NH4+; So/HS-; So/H2S...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01221229
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and adult leukaemia has been studied extensively during the last decade. The first studies were based on crude exposure assessments, estimated through job titles, with no or only limited control confounding factors. The re...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s004110050036
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Survival and G2 dalay following exposure to either 60Cobalt-gamma-rays or 241Americium-alpha-particles were studied in eight mammalian cell lines of human and animal origin including human fibroblasts from normal individuals and from patients with Ataxia telangiectasia or Fanconi's anemia. For both endpoints the effec...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01325466
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sulphur-containing radioprotectors mercaptoethylamine (MEA), aminoethylisothiourea (AET), 2- aminothiazoline , 4-oxo-2- aminothiazoline , and S-S-3- oxapentane -1,5- diisothiourea , and the radioprotective biogenic amines serotonin, histamine, and dopamine, caused the elevation of cAMP content and intensified the ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01213732
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiocaesium absorption and retention in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) calves was compared in groups fed diets containing different proportions of lichen and concentrates, and different chemical forms of radiocaesium ((134)CsCl in solution or fallout from the Chernobyl accident). Daily intakes of fallout radiocaesium w...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-004-0257-4
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-specific and cumulative mortality rates are presented for different cancer sites from 1970 until 1988 for the 11 individual federal states of West Germany (FRG). Sex- and age-specific evaluations are performed and temporal and regional trends in mortality from different cancer sites are revealed. In the FRG there ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01212802
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kinetics of fluoresceindiacetate (FDA)-hydrolysis in erythrocytes, CHO-cells and homogenized cells was investigated by means of fluorescence spectroscopy. At a 10(-6)m FDA concentration the enzymatic conversion in the homogenized cells can be described by first order reactions. When studying intact cells, total ki...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01331024
更新日期：1977-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this interdisciplinary project is to establish slice culture preparations from rodents and humans as a new model system for studying effects of X-rays and heavy ions within normal and tumor tissues. The advantage of such slice cultures relies on the conservation of an organotypic environment, the easy treat...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-010-0293-1
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Simple, ellipsoidal geometries have long been the standard for estimating radiation dose rates in non-human biota (NHB). With the introduction of a regulatory protection standard that emphasizes protection of NHB as its own end point, there has been interest in improved models for the calculation of dose rates in NHB....
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-014-0546-5
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Results of measurements of the resuspended radioactive aerosols in the Chernobyl area are presented which were obtained soon after the Chernobyl reactor accident and in a European project in 1992-1993. The measurements were carried out with the intention of obtaining a data base for dose assessment of resuspended radi...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004110050065
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential of heavy ion therapy for clinical use in cancer therapy stems from the biological parameters of heavy charged particles and their precise dose localization. Biologically, carbon, neon, and other heavy ion beams (up to about silicon) are clinically useful in overcoming the radioresistance of hypoxic tumor...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01210545
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estimates are presented on the carbon-14 generation rates in several reactor types and in peaceful nuclear explosions. If the carbon-14 generated in light water reactors is released, the population radiation dose rate it causes initially will be comparable to that resulting from the krypton-85 and tritium generated in...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01331176
更新日期：1976-12-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Combined action of irradiation (IR), shear stress, and high blood pressure is well recognized to induce damage to vasculature, while data on pathological effects of IR in large peripheral vessels with low blood pressure are scarce. The purpose of the present study was hence to investigate time- and dose-dependent effe...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-013-0492-7
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blue (F450) and green (F530) leaf fluorescence were studied together with the red chlorophyll fluorescence (emission maxima F690 and F735) during light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics (Kautsky effect) in predarkened leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.). The intensity ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01225923
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An inter-comparison of five models designed to predict the effect of ionizing radiation on populations of non-human wildlife, performed under the IAEA EMRAS II programme, is presented and discussed. A benchmark scenario 'Population response to chronic irradiation' was developed in which stable generic populations of m...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-012-0430-0
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method which allows growth of normal human tissue to be studied in vitro is used to investigate possible interactive effects of radiation and environmentally important carcinogens on oesophageal and urothelial cell growth. Carcinogens chosen were selected for their known or suspected effect on the oesophageal mucosa...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01211257
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of plutonium released by nuclear explosions is Pu-241 which decays to Am-241. We have studied the deposition of Pu-241 and Am-241 in lichens collected since 1958 in the central part of Sweden (62.3 degrees N, 12. 4 degrees E). Comparative studies with Pu-isotopes, Pu-239 + 240 and Pu-238 were also performed. In 1...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02176794
更新日期：1978-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Total body Irradiation (TBI) is often used for conditioning, prior to bone marrow transplantation. Doses of 8-14 Gy in 1-8 fractions over 1-4 days are administered using low dose rate external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). When necessary, consolidation EBRT using conventional doses, fractionation and dose rate is given. T...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-009-0238-8
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To explore possible applications of iodoacetate (IA), a glycolytic inhibitor, in cancer treatment, we screened its cytotoxicity and radioprotective/sensitizing efficacy in three different mammalian cell lines; A549 (human lung carcinoma), MCF7 (human mammary cancer), a non-cancerous CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells a...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-017-0699-0
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Checkpoints are components of signalling pathways involved in genome stability. We analysed the putative dual functions of Rad17 and Chk1 as checkpoints and in DNA repair using mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Logarithmic populations of the diploid checkpoint-deficient mutants, chk1Delta/chk1Delta and rad17...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-007-0119-y
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:About a century ago, Conrad Röentgen discovered X-rays, and Henri Becquerel discovered a new phenomenon, which Marie and Pierre Curie later coined as radio-activity. Since their seminal work, we have learned much about the physical properties of radiation and its effects on living matter. Alas, the more we discover, t...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00411-007-0146-8
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two data groups were analyzed: (1) the exposure rate in the former Czechoslovakia after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and (2) the decrease of beta activity of an atmospheric fallout sample taken in Bratislava during 24 h on 30 May 1965. Both quantities decreased with the first power of time. This pattern of decrease...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-005-0276-9
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluence spectra at several ground distances in Hiroshima and Nagasaki are provided along with associated fluence-to-kerma coefficients from the Dosimetry System 2002 (DS02). Also included are transmission factors for calculating expected responses of in situ sample measurements of neutron activation products such as (...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-007-0120-5
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of biophysical models of chromosome aberration induction has undergone considerable improvements in the past few years. This is mainly due to the development of new experimental techniques, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and premature chromosome condensation (PCC), and to a better kn...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s004110050132
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of a well-known relationship between exposure to radiation and increased risk for cancer development, the biological mechanisms involved in radiation-induced carcinogenesis remain poorly documented. Various hypotheses are discussed in this paper. It appears that radiation cannot be directly responsible for th...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01209747
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-cancer mortality data for cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular diseases from Report 13 on the atomic bomb survivors published by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation were analysed to investigate the dose-response for the influence of radiation on these detrimental health effects. Various param...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-012-0410-4
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microcalorimetry, in combination with conventional methods for determining metabolic activity, opens the possibility to study the efficiency with which ATP, produced as a result of metabolic activity, is utilized by the cell for energy-requiring synthetic reactions. Using commercial baker's yeast as a test organism an...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01323416
更新日期：1975-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In mice, persisting radiation-induced growth retardation of hematopoietic tissue suggested that at least part of the surviving stem cells are genetically injured. Additional mitotic stress some time after the radiation insult might remove injured stem cells, thus improving the overall recovery of the irradiated bone m...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01211410
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
