Abstract：
:Autocrine signaling is defined as the production and secretion of an extracellular mediator by a cell followed by the binding of that mediator to receptors on the same cell to initiate signaling. Autocrine stimulation often operates in autocrine loops, a type of interaction, in which a cell produces a mediator, for which it has receptors, that upon activation promotes expression of the same mediator, allowing the cell to repeatedly autostimulate itself (positive feedback) or balance its expression via regulation of a second factor that provides negative feedback. Autocrine signaling loops with positive or negative feedback are an important feature in cancer, where they enable context-dependent cell signaling in the regulation of growth, survival, and cell motility. A growth factor that is intimately involved in tumor development and progression and often produced by the cancer cells in an autocrine manner is transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). This review surveys the many observations of autocrine TGF-β signaling in tumor biology, including data from cell culture and animal models as well as from patients. We also provide the reader with a critical discussion on the various experimental approaches employed to identify and prove the involvement of autocrine TGF-β in a given cellular response.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Ungefroren Hdoi
10.3390/ijms22020977subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-19 00:00:00issue
2issn
1422-0067pii
ijms22020977journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Earthworms express, as most animals, metallothioneins (MTs)-small, cysteine-rich proteins that bind d(10) metal ions (Zn(II), Cd(II), or Cu(I)) in clusters. Three MT homologues are known for Lumbricus rubellus, the common red earthworm, one of which, wMT-2, is strongly induced by exposure of worms to cadmium. This stu...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17010065
更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:In the presence of dietary lipids, both apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) production and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis are increased. The effect of dietary lipid-induced AproA-IV on BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure remains unknown. In the present study, we hypothesized that ApoA-IV knockout (ApoA-IV-KO)...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20133176
更新日期：2019-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The application of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for the treatment of bone defects requires two invasive procedures and several weeks of ex vivo cell expansion. To overcome these limitations, the administration of allogeneic MSC may be attractive, because they are anticipated to be immunoprivileged. Because ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19092526
更新日期：2018-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The high affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor-FcεR1 is mainly expressed on the surface of effector cells. Cross-linking of IgE Abs bound to FcεR1 by multi-valent antigens can induce the activation of these cells and the secretion of inflammatory mediators. Since FcεR1 plays a central role in the induction and main...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms16059504
更新日期：2015-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of human death in present times. Two phases of pathological impact occur during an ischemic stroke, namely, ischemia and reperfusion. Both periods include individual characteristic effects on cell injury and apoptosis. Moreover, these conditions can cause severe cell defects and harm...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20246168
更新日期：2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone transplants are used to treat fractures and increase new tissue development in bone tissue engineering. Grafting of massive implantations showing slow curing rate and results in cell death for poor vascularization. The potentials of biocomposite scaffolds to mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) and including new biom...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17081222
更新日期：2016-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The multifunctional tissue transglutaminase has been demonstrated to act as α1-adrenergic receptor-coupled G protein with GTPase activity in several cell types. To explore further the pathophysiological significance of this function we investigated the in vivo effects of the α1-adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrin...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21113865
更新日期：2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:2-Bromopropane (2-BP) is used as an alternative to ozone-depleting cleaning solvents. Previously, we reported that 2-BP has cytotoxic effects on mouse blastocysts and is associated with defects in subsequent development. In the present work, we show that 2-BP induces apoptosis in the inner cell mass of mouse blastocys...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12084991
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an underreported and underestimated adverse drug reaction. Information on the documented hepatotoxicity of drugs has recently been made available by a website that can be accessed in the public domain: LiverTox (http://livertox.nlm.nih.gov). According to critical analy...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17020224
更新日期：2016-02-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The analgesic effect of venlafaxine (VLX), which is a selective serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), has been observed on oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain in mice. Significant allodynia was shown after oxaliplatin treatment (6 mg/kg, i.p.); acetone and von Frey hair tests were used to assess cold...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20071652
更新日期：2019-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by the activation of fibroblasts and the irreversible deposition of connective tissue matrices that leads to altered pulmonary architecture and physiology. Multiple factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis, including ge...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21113878
更新日期：2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the acid β-glucosidase gene (GBA1). Besides causing GD, GBA1 mutations constitute the main genetic risk factor for developing Parkinson's disease. The molecular basis of neurological manifestations in GD remain elusive. Ho...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21093268
更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) resulting from asphyxia in the peripartum period is the most common cause of neonatal brain damage and can result in significant neurologic sequelae, including cerebral palsy. Currently therapeutic hypothermia is the only accepted treatment in addition to supportive care for infan...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18010017
更新日期：2016-12-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Mango (Mangifera indica cv. Ataulfo) peel contains bound phenolics that may be released by alkaline or acid hydrolysis and may be converted into less complex molecules. Free phenolics from mango cv. Ataulfo peel were obtained using a methanolic extraction, and their cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and permeability...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19020514
更新日期：2018-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Therefore, for the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of lung cancer, efficient preventive strategies and new therapeutic strategies are needed to face these challenges. Natural bioactive compounds and particular flavonoids compounds have been pr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20174291
更新日期：2019-09-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Synovial sarcoma is a rare but highly malignant and metastatic disease. Despite its relative sensitivity to chemotherapies, the high recurrence and low 5-year survival rate for this disease suggest that new effective therapeutic agents are urgently needed. Marine antimicrobial peptide epinecidin-1 (epi-1), which was i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21062109
更新日期：2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Hedgehog (Hh) proteins are prototypical morphogens known to regulate epithelial/mesenchymal interactions during embryonic development. In addition to its pivotal role in embryogenesis, the Hh signaling pathway may be recapitulated in post-natal life in a number of physiological and pathological conditions, including i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20215270
更新日期：2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The MP2 and DFT/B3LYP methods at 6-311++G(d,p) and aug-cc-pdz basis sets have been used to probe the origin of relative stability preference for eclipsed acetaldehyde over its bisected counterpart. A relative energy stability range of 1.02 to 1.20 kcal/mol, in favor of the eclipsed conformer, was found and discussed. ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms131115360
更新日期：2012-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Waterlogging is a serious environmental problem that limits agricultural production in low-lying rainfed areas around the world. The major constraint that plants face in a waterlogging situation is the reduced oxygen availability. Accordingly, all previous efforts of plant breeders focused on traits providing adequate...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20030699
更新日期：2019-02-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Extensive work on experimental animal models clearly demonstrates that infectious agents can break immunological tolerance to self-antigens and induce autoimmune disorders, mainly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The establishment of a causative link between infections and autoimmunity has been largely studied in a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms160817331
更新日期：2015-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but underlying mechanisms are not clear. We analyzed peripheral clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) in overweight mice because its systemic elimination may impact brain Aβ load, a major landmark of AD pathology. We also analyzed whether circulating insulin-like growth fac...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21249675
更新日期：2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral cancer is a common cancer with poor prognosis. We evaluated the expression of PBK/TOPK (PDZ-binding kinase/T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase) and its prognostic significance in oral cancer. PBK/TOPK expression was measured by immunohistochemical staining of samples from 287 patients with oral cancer. The assoc...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17071007
更新日期：2016-06-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to EGF receptor (EGFR) stimulates cell mitogenesis and survival through various signalling cascades. EGF also stimulates rapid EGFR endocytosis and its eventual degradation in lysosomes. The immediate events induced by ligand binding include receptor dimerization, activatio...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17081200
更新日期：2016-07-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common cause of cognitive deficit after Alzheimer's disease. Since VCI patients represent an important target population for prevention, an ongoing effort has been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disorder. In this review, we summarize the information fr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20102405
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Wt% of aragonite, a CaCO(3) polymorph, increased with higher hydraulic activity ( degrees C) of limestone in precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from the lime-soda process (Ca(OH)(2)-NaOH-Na(2)CO(3)). Only calcite, the most stable polymorph, was crystallized at hydraulic activity under 10 degrees C, whereas aragonite...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms10114954
更新日期：2009-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Current outcome prediction markers for localized prostate cancer (PCa) are insufficient. The impact of the lipid-modifying Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase Acid Like 3B (SMPDL3B) in PCa is unknown. Two cohorts of patients with PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy (n = 40, n = 56) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21124373
更新日期：2020-06-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The insect midgut secretes a semi-permeable, acellular peritrophic membrane (PM) that maintains intestinal structure, promotes digestion, and protects the midgut from food particles and pathogenic microorganisms. Peritrophin is an important PM protein (PMP) in the PM. Here, we identified 11 peritrophins with 1-16 chit...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21217973
更新日期：2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of E-cadherin in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) is unequivocal. Germline alterations in its encoding gene (CDH1) are causative of HDGC and occur in about 40% of patients. Importantly, while in most cases CDH1 alterations result in the complete loss of E-cadherin associated with a well-established cl...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18122687
更新日期：2017-12-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The glycoprotein P-selectin belongs to the selectin family of cell adhesion molecules. In this study, we cloned the full-length cDNA of P-selectin from zebrafish (Danio rerio) by the method of rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR). Zebrafish P-selectin cDNA is 2,800 bp and encodes a put...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms11114618
更新日期：2010-11-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are encoded by multigene families and play important roles in plant physiology. One full-length cDNA encoding an Arabidopsis LTP3 homologue was isolated from maize by RT-PCR and named as ZmLTP3. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the ZmLTP3 expression is induced by salicylic acid (SA),...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14035025
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
