Abstract:
:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) modelled by lateral fluid percussion-induction (LFPI) in rats is a widely used experimental rodent model to explore and understand the underlying cellular and molecular alterations in the brain caused by TBI in humans. Current improvements in imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) have made it possible to map certain features of TBI-induced cellular and molecular changes equally in humans and animals. The PET imaging technique is an apt supplement to nanotheranostic-based treatment alternatives that are emerging to tackle TBI. The present study aims to investigate whether the two radioligands, [11C]PBR28 and [18F]flumazenil, are able to accurately quantify in vivo molecular-cellular changes in a rodent TBI-model for two different biochemical targets of the processes. In addition, it serves to observe any palpable variations associated with primary and secondary injury sites, and in the affected versus the contralateral hemispheres. As [11C]PBR28 is a radioligand of the 18 kD translocator protein, the up-regulation of which is coupled to the level of neuroinflammation in the brain, and [18F]flumazenil is a radioligand for GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors, whose level mirrors interneuronal activity and eventually cell death, the use of the two radioligands may reveal two critical features of TBI. An up-regulation in the [11C]PBR28 uptake triggered by the LFP in the injured (right) hemisphere was noted on day 14, while the uptake of [18F]flumazenil was down-regulated on day 14. When comparing the left (contralateral) and right (LFPI) hemispheres, the differences between the two in neuroinflammation were obvious. Our results demonstrate a potential way to measure the molecular alterations in a rodent-based TBI model using PET imaging with [11C]PBR28 and [18F]flumazenil. These radioligands are promising options that can be eventually used in exploring the complex in vivo pharmacokinetics and delivery mechanisms of nanoparticles in TBI treatment.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Ghosh KK,Padmanabhan P,Yang CT,Wang Z,Palanivel M,Ng KC,Lu J,Carlstedt-Duke J,Halldin C,Gulyás Bdoi
10.3390/ijms22020951subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-19 00:00:00issue
2issn
1422-0067pii
ijms22020951journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Sepsis is a severe and multifactorial disease with a high mortality rate. It represents a strong inflammatory response to an infection and is associated with vascular inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress. Here, we studied the underlying time responses in the widely used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endoto...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms18102176
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury is a chronic and debilitating neurological condition that is currently being managed symptomatically with no real therapeutic strategies available. Even though there is no consensus on the best time to start interventions, the chronic phase is definitely the most stable target in order to determine ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms19061776
更新日期:2018-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces cancer cell death with minimal damage to normal cells; however, some cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL. TRAIL resistance may be overcome by agonistic antibodies to TRAIL receptors. In this study, we report the toxic effects of a novel recomb...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20081967
更新日期:2019-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Colon cancer is an aggressive tumor form with a poor prognosis. This study reports a comparative proteomic analysis performed by using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) between 26 pooled colon cancer surgical tissues and adjacent non-tumoral tissues, to identify potential target proteins co...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21093096
更新日期:2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by many types of microbiota, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Dysregulations of their microenvironment are associated with various health problems, not only limited to gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, but to impacts beyond the intestin...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20020387
更新日期:2019-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation, as well as the way misfolded and aggregated proteins affects cell viability are emerging as key themes in molecular and structural biology and in molecular medicine. Recent advances in the knowledge of the biophysical basis of protein folding have led to propose the energy ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms9122515
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::People with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have significantly higher rates of subclinical and overt epileptiform activity. In animal models, oligomeric Aβ amyloid is able to induce neuronal hyperexcitability even in the early phases of the disease. Such aberrant activity subsequently leads to downstream accumulation of toxi...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21239318
更新日期:2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Fresh produce is often a source of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) outbreaks. Fimbriae are extracellular structures involved in cell-to-cell attachment and surface colonisation. F9 (Fml) fimbriae have been shown to be expressed at temperatures lower than 37 °C, implying a function beyond the mammalian host....
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21249720
更新日期:2020-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Gain-of-function mutations in human androgen receptor (AR) are among the major causes of drug resistance in prostate cancer (PCa). Identifying mutations that cause resistant phenotype is of critical importance for guiding treatment protocols, as well as for designing drugs that do not elicit adverse responses. However...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21165847
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the degradation of extracellular matrix components crucial for tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. MMPs are controlled by natural inhibitors called tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We and others have demonstrated that MMPs and TIMPs are espe...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms131013240
更新日期:2012-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that plumbagin has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antibacterial, and anti-cancer activities; however, it has not yet been shown whether plumbagin suppresses alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanin synthesis to prevent hyperpigmentation. In this study, we demonstrated t...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms18020320
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Vortioxetine is a novel, multimodal antidepressant with unique targets, including the inhibition of the serotonin transporter (SET), of serotonin 5-HT3 (5-HT3R), and of 5-HT7 (5-HT7R) receptors and partial agonism to serotonin 5-HT1A (5-HT1AR) receptors in humans. Vortioxetine has a lower affinity to 5-HT1AR and 5-HT7...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20246235
更新日期:2019-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by adverse cellular environments and pathological alterations causing neurodegeneration in distinct brain regions. This development is triggered or facilitated by conditions such as hypoxia, ischemia or inflammation and is associated with disruptions of fundamental cellular...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms22020582
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and microRNA (miRNA) are important in the regulation of life activities. However, their function is unclear in Paulownia fortunei. To identify lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNA, and investigate their roles in the infection progress of Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) dise...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19082463
更新日期:2018-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) selectively catalyze carotenoids, forming smaller apocarotenoids that are essential for the synthesis of apocarotenoid flavor, aroma volatiles, and phytohormone ABA/SLs, as well as responses to abiotic stresses. Here, 19, 11, and 10 CCD genes were identified in Nicotiana tabacum...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20225796
更新日期:2019-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Spider silk is self-assembled from water-soluble silk proteins through changes in the environment, including pH, salt concentrations, and shear force. The N-terminal domains of major and minor ampullate silk proteins have been found to play an important role in the assembly process through salt- and pH-dependent dimer...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21124466
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Although mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin) can regulate intracellular free Ca2+concentration in normal cultured podocytes, it remains elusive as to how mTORC2/AKT-mediated Ca2+participates in the process of T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis. The potential signaling responsible for intracellular Ca2+ concentration cha...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19113360
更新日期:2018-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract: Heart failure (HF) is associated with skeletal muscle wasting and exercise intolerance. This study aimed to evaluate the exercise-induced clinical response and histological alterations. One hundred and forty-four HF patients were enrolled. The individual training program was determined as a workload at or cl...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20215514
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Agricultural production continues to be constrained by a number of biotic and abiotic factors that can reduce crop yield quantity and quality. Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient that affects most of the biochemical and physiological processes that influence plant growth and metabolism. It also contributes to the s...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms14047370
更新日期:2013-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Mg and Mg alloys are becoming more and more of interest for several applications. In the case of biomaterial applications, a special interest exists due to the fact that a predictable degradation should be given. Various investigations were made to characterize and predict the corrosion behavior in vitro and in vivo. ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms150711456
更新日期:2014-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::The variety of metagenomes in current databases provides a rapidly growing source of information for comparative studies. However, the quantity and quality of supplementary metadata is still lagging behind. It is therefore important to be able to identify related metagenomes by means of the available sequence data alo...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms150712364
更新日期:2014-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast proteins Ntr1, Ntr2 and Prp43 function in spliceosome disassembly. An Ntr1-Ntr2 protein complex recruits Prp43 to allow the removal of the lariat-intron in late-stage RNA splicing activity. Based on amino-acid sequence similarities across species, TFIP11 and mDEAH9/Dhx15 have been identified as homologues of yea...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms9112105
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enzymatic condition for producing the anti-obesity hydrolysates from fish water-soluble protein was optimized with the aid of response surface methodology, which also derived a statistical model for experimental validation. Compared with neutral protease, papain and protamex, the porcine pancreas lipase inhibitory...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms14023124
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arachidonic acid (AA) is a phospholipase A2 metabolite that has been reported to mediate a plethora of cellular mechanisms involved in healthy and pathological states such as platelet aggregation, lymphocyte activation, and tissue inflammation. AA has been described to activate Ca2+ entry through the arachidonate-regu...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21093315
更新日期:2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) signaling regulates cardiovascular development. However, the cellular mechanisms of Vegfa signaling in early cardiogenesis remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to understand the differential functions and mechanisms of Vegfa signaling in cardiac development. A ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms18020444
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and participate in physiological and pathological processes. Their unique developmental nature suggests age-dependent structural and functional impairments that might contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we addressed...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19030706
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta have been proven to be functional and helpful for humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical structure and anti-proliferating and antitumor activities of a Morchella esculenta polysaccharide (MEP) extracted by pulsed electric field (PEF) in submerged ferm...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms17060986
更新日期:2016-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a cytosolic receptor that recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and triggers the activation of the inflammasome cascade. Activation of the inflammasome results in the maturation of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1 β and IL-18, and a form of cell death known as pyroptos...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21186535
更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::We have tested the hypothesis that neuropathic pain acting as a stressor drives functional plasticity in the sympathoadrenal system. The relation between neuropathic pain and adrenal medulla function was studied with behavioral, immunohistochemical and electrophysiological techniques in rats subjected to chronic const...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20010155
更新日期:2019-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm birth (PTB) can be defined as the endpoint of a complex process that could be influenced by maternal and environmental factors. Epigenetics recently emerged as an interesting field of investigation since it represents an important mechanism of regulation. This study evaluates epigenetic impact of preterm birth...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21145044
更新日期:2020-07-17 00:00:00