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Increased long-term health risks attributable to select volatile organic compounds in residential indoor air in southeast Louisiana.

Abstract：

:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent a broad class of chemicals, many of which can be found in indoor air including residential indoor air. VOCs derive from a variety of sources including cleaning products, cooking practices, fragrances and fresheners, hobbies and at-home work behaviors. This study examined residential indoor air in homes (n = 99) in southeast Louisiana using passive organic vapor monitors and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to determine if select VOCs were present, at what concentrations, and if those posed any potential long-term health risks. Twenty-nine VOCs were targeted in cross-sectional analyses using a 48-h sampling period. Twelve VOCs were detected in most of the homes sampled including xylenes, pinenes, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, hexane, pentane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. Concentrations of alkanes and BTEX compounds were highly correlated (Spearman's r > 0.63, p < 0.0001). Using health risk measures (i.e. reference concentrations [RfCs] and inhalation unit risks [IURs]) available from the USEPA non-cancer risk assessments and cancer risk assessments were developed for some of these VOCs. Alkanes and BTEX compounds likely come from the same indoor source(s). Using existing health standards published by the USEPA, no unacceptable non-cancer risks were evident except under extremely high concentrations. Lifetime cancer risks, on the other hand, may well be considered unacceptable for chloroform and benzene (upper IUR) and for the combination of chloroform, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride. These exceeded a 1 in 10,000 cancer risk threshold in 35-50% of our simulations. Further study of residential indoor air in low-income women's homes in this area is needed. Including a larger number of VOCs may reveal yet more potential health risks.

journal_name

Sci Rep

journal_title

Scientific reports

authors

Wickliffe JK,Stock TH,Howard JL,Frahm E,Simon-Friedt BR,Montgomery K,Wilson MJ,Lichtveld MY,Harville E

doi

10.1038/s41598-020-78756-7

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-10 00:00:00

pages

21649

issue

issn

2045-2322

pii

10.1038/s41598-020-78756-7

journal_volume

pub_type

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Increased long-term health risks attributable to select volatile organic compounds in residential indoor air in southeast Louisiana.