Abstract：
PURPOSE:Research examining the association between crime and health outcomes has been hampered by a lack of reliable small-area (e.g., census tract or census block group) crime data. Our objective is to assess the accuracy of synthetically estimated crime indices for use in health research by using preterm birth as a case study. METHODS:We used violent crime data reported by 47 law enforcement agencies in 15 counties in Atlanta, Georgia and compared them with commercially estimated crime rates from the same year to assess (1) how two measures of crime were correlated and (2) if the associations between violent crime rate indices and preterm birth (PTB) varied as a function of the source of crime index. To assess the association between violent crime and PTB, we used multilevel logistic regression and controlled for potential individual- and neighborhood-level confounders. RESULTS:Violent crime, both estimated and observed, was positively correlated with poverty, neighborhood proportion Black, and neighborhood deprivation index; however, the association was stronger using estimated rates as compared with observed crime rates. The association between living in a high violent crime neighborhood and PTB was only consistent for white women across the two crime indices after covariate adjustment. For Black women, the association between living in a high violent crime neighborhood and PTB is systematically underestimated across all models when the estimated crime rate is used. CONCLUSIONS:There is evidence that model-estimated crime rates are not reliable proxies for crime in an urban area even when appropriate confounders are adjusted for.
journal_name
Ann Epidemioljournal_title
Annals of epidemiologyauthors
Gobaud AN,Kramer MR,Stearns ER,Haley DFdoi
10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.11.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-05 00:00:00pages
27-33eissn
1047-2797issn
1873-2585pii
S1047-2797(20)30426-9journal_volume
55pub_type
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