Abstract:
:The improvement in iodine status among the UK population from the 1930s onwards has been described as an 'accidental public health triumph' despite the lack of any iodine fortification program. However, iodine deficiency in the UK has re-emerged in vulnerable groups and is likely due to a combination of changing farming practices, dietary preferences and public health priorities. The UK is now among only a minority of European countries with no legislative framework for iodine fortification. The experience of folic acid fortification and the 28-year delay in its implementation lays bare the political difficulties of introducing any fortification program in the UK. If iodine fortification is not an imminent possibility, then it is important to explore other options: how to change farming practice especially on organic farms; encourage dairy intake; protect and expand our public health programs of milk provision for vulnerable groups and embark on education programs for women of childbearing potential and healthcare professionals. This review explores how the UK may have arrived at this juncture and how the iodine status of the nation may be improved at this time of major political and public health upheaval.
journal_name
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)journal_title
Clinical endocrinologyauthors
Woodside JV,Mullan KRdoi
10.1111/cen.14368subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-29 00:00:00eissn
0300-0664issn
1365-2265pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:CONTEXT:Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) and patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) receive weight-adapted standard glucocorticoid replacement therapy. Clinically, some patients appear more sensitive to therapeutic administration of glucocorticoids than others. Glucocorticoid sensitivity is...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12096
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Observational studies have suggested positive associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and muscular strength, balance and quality of life. Our aim was to examine whether high-dose vitamin D supplementation would improve these measures as compared to standard-dose vitamin D, as well as t...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/cen.13353
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Serum testosterone concentrations are affected by factors unrelated to hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular axis pathology. We evaluated the impact of sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical factors, on serum testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in men aged 40-69 years. DESIGN:Cross-sectional ana...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.14342
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of energy restriction (ER) upon the previously reported increased resting and exercise-related oxygen utilization, reduced body temperature, increased serum TSH, and reduced serum free T3 concentrations found during Antarctic residence (AR). DESIGN:Prospective, intervention with both ...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02588.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that patients with hyperprolactinaemia due to biologically inactive macroprolactin will not show the characteristically increased dopaminergic inhibition of TSH release seen in patients with microprolactinomas secreting biologically active monomeric PRL. DESIGN:Comparison of the TSH an...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01887.x
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between glycaemic control, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism on cardiac autonomic function in peripubertal girls with type 1 diabetes. DESIGN:Prospective, clinic-based study of 125 girls with diabetes and 46 age-matched nondiabetic girls. MEASUREMENTS:Heart rate variability ...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12238
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Foetal exposure to high testosterone concentrations seems to be involved in the development of mammalian brain and related to pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs). The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that children born from hyperandrogenic women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ar...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04443.x
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development of hepatocellular carcinoma in liver cirrhosis is associated with altered synthesis and secretion of several growth factors. AIM:The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the potential implication of IGF-I and its major binding protein (IGFBP-3) in the development of hepatocellula...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01909.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of equivalent doses of two inhibitors of the 3-beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase enzyme system--WIN 24540 (trilostane) and WIN 32729--on the secretion of progesterone in early human pregnancy are described. Patients and controls less than 12 weeks pregnant were given a single dose of either drug and the r...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb00027.x
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Growth deficiency is commonly seen in polytransfused beta-thalassaemia patients, especially in adolescence. It is not completely dependent on the lack of their pubertal growth spurt. GH impairment at different levels (hypothalamic or pituitary) and/or a reduced IGF-1 synthesis have been suggested the main cau...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1997.1951005.x
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:PTH(1-84) secretion in normal male subjects follows a circadian rhythm. The control of this rhythm is multifactorial with both neuroendocrine and chemical influences. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 96-hour fast on the circadian rhythm of PTH(1-84), serum calcium, phosphate and nephrogenou...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02493.x
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We aim to evaluate the association of PCOS with eating, sleeping and sexual function disorders. METHODS:A comprehensive search including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus through 01 August 2018 was conducted for studies reportin...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.14153
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The prevalence of clinically silent corticotroph macroadenomas is unknown. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of clinically silent corticotroph macroadenomas among all pituitary macroadenomas. DESIGN:Patients scheduled to have transsphenoidal surgery for any sellar mass were prospectively evaluated clin...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.13146
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in adults has been associated with impaired health status and quality of life (QoL) in several studies using generic measures, and in a few studies using recently developed disease-specific measures. Theoretically, disease-specific measures may be more sensitive and succinct th...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.00899.x
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cushing's syndrome is not only accompanied by an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease but also by a hypercoagulable state that is reflected by an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism. Overall, patients with CS have been reported to have a more than 10-fold increased risk of developing venous thrombo...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/cen.12094
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid antibodies were demonstrated in 57% of thirty pernicious anaemia patients without overt thyroid disease. Elevated basal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and an enhaced TSH response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) only occurred in thyroid antibody positive subjects; by contrast the thyroid antib...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1977.tb02005.x
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess if a cell-based readout of androgen action in serum demonstrates a closer association with recognized classical parameters of androgen action in men than current measures of serum testosterone (T). DESIGN:To develop, validate and utilize a mammalian cell-based assay to measure specifically bioactiv...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03595.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate whether an elevated serum antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) reflects cancer recurrence in thyroglobulin (Tg)-undetectable patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) after thyroid ablation. DESIGN:We measured serum TgAb level and evaluated the disease status in...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2002.01592.x
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:As only sparse data are available, we aimed to investigate whether needs for activated vitamin D and calcium supplements change in women with hypoparathyroidism during pregnancy and lactation and risk of pregnancy-related complications. DESIGN:Retrospective review of medical records. PATIENTS:Twelve Danish ...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.14212
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare ultrasonography and 99mTc thyroid scintigraphy for the aetiologic diagnosis of permanent congenital hypothyroidism (CH). STUDY DESIGN:Eighty-eight consecutive patients with CH were recruited at an endocrinology outpatient clinic and submitted to high-frequency ultrasonography and to 99mTc scintigr...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01856.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:There is increasing evidence that antenatal stress has long-lasting effects on child development, but there is less accord on the mechanisms and the gestational window of susceptibility. One possible mechanism is by foetal exposure to maternal cortisol. To explore this, we investigated the relationship betwee...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02785.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) is a tempo variant with a good prognosis. Healthy late-maturing adolescents grow slower than postulated by age-related references, and therefore, CDGP is frequently confused with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). For differential diagnosis, height velocity refe...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.14358
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Growth hormone deficiency is considered the most important factor determining skeletal fragility in hypopituitary patients. Osteoblasts and chondrocytes express growth hormone (GH) receptor. Two GH receptor isoforms (GHRi) have been identified: they differ for the presence/absence of a protein fragment enc...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.13161
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore differences in irisin concentrations between lean adolescents with PCOS and age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls and examine the associations of irisin with core features of the syndrome. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. PATIENTS:Lean females with PCOS, aged 13-21 years. MEASUREMENTS:Phy...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.13555
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Traditional methods of bone densitometry may not provide a comprehensive assessment of bone health. We aimed to assess bone micro-architecture and bone marrow adiposity (BMA) by MRI in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and endocrinopathy including GH deficiency and/or hypogonadism. MEASUREMENTS:High-r...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12367
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:There has been much debate concerning the relative contribution of insulin resistance to the development of polycystic ovaries (PCO). We therefore aimed to assess ovarian morphology and insulin/androgen status in females with the hepatic glycogen storage diseases types Ia (GSD-Ia) and III (GSD-III), disorders...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02686.x
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A mathematical model has been constructed of human thyroid hormone regulation by the anterior pituitary gland, which takes account of most of the currently available experimental data. 2. Successful simulation of data on the stimulation of thyrotrophin (TSH) secretion by thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) was ach...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1976.tb01976.x
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a male infant who at 10 days of life presented with salt-wasting. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia was excluded on the basis of normal 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone plasma levels evaluated before the onset of steroid replacement therapy. The incidental finding of hypertriglyceridaemia led us to sus...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02655.x
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess approaches to patients with a potentially malignant thyroid nodule and patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and compare them with the European Consensus and Guidelines by the American Thyroid Association. DESIGN:A survey of the 388 active members of the Belgian Thyroid Club. METHODS:A qu...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03092.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Septic patients always develop muscle wasting, which delays the rehabilitation and contributes to the increased complications and mortality. Previous studies have implied the crucial role of central inflammation and neuropeptides in the energy balance and muscle metabolism. Insulin has been confirmed to atte...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12610
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00