Abstract:
:Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy. Until recently the standard of care for newly diagnosed patients with extensive-stage disease was chemotherapy consisting of etoposide plus a platinum (EP). The median overall survival (OS) was only about 10 months with this systemic therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors were first evaluated as second or subsequent line treatments in extensive stage disease and later in combination with EP in the first-line setting. Recently two randomized phase III trials have demonstrated statistically improved OS with addition of a programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitor to EP. As a result, the standard of care for newly diagnosed patients with extensive-stage SCLC has changed for the first time in decades. However, many patients do not derive benefit from the addition of a PD-L1 inhibitor to EP. In this review we discuss first-line trials of chemoimmunotherapy in extensive stage SCLC and summarize data on second and subsequent line treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in immunotherapy-naïve patients. Additionally, we discuss potential biomarkers that could be utilized to select for which patients derive benefit from addition of a PD-L1 inhibitor to EP and propose ways to improve on first-line chemoimmunotherapy.
journal_name
J Thorac Disjournal_title
Journal of thoracic diseaseauthors
Pacheco JMdoi
10.21037/jtd.2020.01.37subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
6212-6224issue
10eissn
2072-1439issn
2077-6624pii
jtd-12-10-6212journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:Background:We describe a modified method to facilitate gastric mobilization in robotic esophagectomy. Furthermore, we performed a prospective comparative analysis of surgical outcomes between the conventional method and described technique. Methods:From April 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016, 59 consecutive patients w...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2017.11.48
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An 85-year-old woman was found to have a nodule in the left S6 of the lung on computed tomography (CT); the pathological diagnosis from the CT-guided biopsy was adenoid cystic carcinoma. We accordingly performed left lower lobectomy. Pathologically, the biphasic cell population showed admixtures in varying proportions...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type:
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.07.82
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Management of pulmonary nodules in terms of diagnosis and intraoperative localization can be challenging, especially in the minimal invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) approach, and may be even more difficult with single port VATS with limited access. The ability to localize small lesions intraoperati...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.02.27
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) can stimulate fibrosis within the atrium and ventricle. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between the serum VEGFs/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFRs) levels and AF in...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.11.32
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::ERBB2 mutations have been reported to occur in a subset of patients with lung adenocarcinomas or lung squamous cell carcinomas for some ethnicities, but it is unclear for Chinese patients with lung squamous cell carcinomas up to now. We retrospectively evaluated the status of ERBB2 mutations in a large cross-sectional...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.03.20
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last few years, the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has impressively benefitted from immunotherapy, in particular from the inhibition of immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1). However, despite the significant survival b...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.11.102
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many areas of the world, concentrations of ambient air pollutants exceed levels associated with increased risk of acute and chronic health problems. While effective policies to reduce emissions at their sources are clearly preferable, some evidence supports the effectiveness of individual actions to reduce exposure...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.12.21
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Trans-subxiphoid thoracoscopic thymectomy is a promising procedure but technically demanding associated with ergonomic discomfort. In order to facilitate this complex procedure, the authors present a modified trans-subxiphoid thymectomy by the use of the Da Vinci robotic system. Methods:A 2-cm longitudinal ...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.03.07
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Whether lobe-specific lymph node dissection (L-SLND) could serve as an alternative to systematic lymph node dissection (SLND) in treating early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis to compare the effect of L-SLND with that of SLND ...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.04.137
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Recent studies incorporating dose escalated radiation identified heart dose as a predictor of cardiac toxicity in unresectable lung cancer patients. Whether conventionally dosed radiation impacts cardiac events remains unclear. Methods:Stage III lung cancer patients undergoing definitive chemoradiation to 6...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.06.29
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Pleural fluid pH and glucose levels are both recommended in the workup of pleural effusions. Whether their levels correlate and predict each other or contribute independent knowledge is unclear. We aimed to investigate the pH/glucose relationship, assess their concordance and ascertain whether performing bot...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.12.101
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial ischemia is considered the cornerstone of the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Although the deleterious effects of myocardial infarction, the maximum expression of ischemia, have been extensively studied and described, the clinical effects of chronic, documented myocardial ischemia ...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.02.85
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periostin, an extracellular matrix molecule, is associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). It is known that the frequency of familial IPF (FIPF) ranges from 0.5% to 2.2% among IPF cases. However, the relationship between periostin and FIPF has not been previously described. We report the first case of perios...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type:
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.06.96
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is used in the treatment of severe refractory asthma. It has been found to be beneficial to long-term improvements in the rate of asthma exacerbation, quality of life questionnaire answers (AQLQ), hospitalization, and emergency room visits. Atelectasis and lung abscess as direct complicatio...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type:
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.09.116
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Red cell distribution width (RDW) might be a novel biomarker that reflects multiple physiological impairments related to atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases (CAD). We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of RDW between all-cause mortality and fatal/non-fatal...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.09.10
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analyses of cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) have provided a non-invasive strategy for cancer diagnosis, the identification of molecular aberrations for treatment identification, and evaluation of tumor response. Sensitive and specific ctDNA sequencing strategies have allowed for implementation into clinical practice for t...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.21037/jtd.2020.01.66
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The recommended treatment duration for non-cavitary nodular bronchiectatic (NC-NB) Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease (LD) is at least 12 months after culture conversion, but evidence supporting this is limited. This study investigated whether treatment for less than 12 months after culture conve...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2020.01.39
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The analysis of lung artefacts has gained increasing importance as markers of lung pathology. B-line artefact (BLA), caused by a reverberation phenomenon, is the most important lung artefact. In this review, we discuss the current role of BLA in pneumology and explore open questions of the published consensu...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.04.55
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temporary mechanical circulatory support (MCS) refers to a group of devices generally used for less than 30 days to maintain adequate organ perfusion by compensating for a failure of the pumping mechanism of the heart. The increased availability and rapid adoption of new temporary MCS strategies necessitate physicians...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.09.14
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased recognition of advantages, over the last decade, of minimizing surgical trauma by operating through smaller incisions and its direct impact on reduced postoperative pain, quicker recovery, improved cosmesis and earlier return to work has spurred the minimally invasive cardiac surgical revolution. This transi...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.11.01
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concomitant occurrence of atrial myxoma and esophageal carcinoma is an extremely rare entity. Here we present two cases of synchronously suffered left atrial myxoma and esophageal carcinoma. Both patients underwent simultaneous resection of two tumors via the right thoraco-abdominal approach and recovered well. ...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type:
doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.05.89
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Recently, immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has emerged as a powerful treatment option for advanced lung cancer. The relative success of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and/or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies in metastati...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.01.109
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) remains a serious complication after surgery for lung cancer with bronchial resection. A free pericardial fat pad (FPFP) is applied in high-risk cases to reduce BPF frequency. BPF may occur 6 months after surgery. Thus, we evaluated the residual FPFP volume at 6 months after surg...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.11.81
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a relatively rare but often fatal and rapidly progressive disease. Most studies of PM are case reports or case series with limited numbers of patients, and focus on immunocompromised patients. We investigated the clinical manifestations, imaging features, treatment, and outcome...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.12.53
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Considerable studies have reported that NADPH oxidase (NOX) expression or activity may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of lung cancer. However, the results are inconsistent. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in this study...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.06.31
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:(18)F-FDG PET/CT is increasingly used in evaluation of treatment response for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There is a need for an accurate criterion to evaluate the effect and predict the prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate therapeutic response in NSCLC with comparing PET res...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.05.10
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::During recent years, continuous technological innovation has provoked an increase of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) use for perioperative cardiopulmonary support in lung transplantation. Initial results were disappointing, due to ECLS-specific complications and high surgical risk of the supported patients. However...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.07.43
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Aberrant activation of eIF4E is critically involved in the progression and chemoresistance of various cancers. Elevated expression of eIF4E has also been documented in human cancerous esophageal tissues. However, the role of eIF4E in esophageal cancer is unclear. Methods:We analysed the levels of eIF4E expr...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.06.43
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the epidemiology of COPD in India which is one of the most affected countries in the world and contributes significantly to the mortality and morbidity of this disease; to provide insights into the etiological determinants of COPD in India; comment on treatment ...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2012.03.15
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::High grade lung neuroendocrine tumours are a heterogeneous subtype of pulmonary cancers including small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). LCNEC represents approximately 2-3% of lung cancers, whereas SCLC represents 15-20% of lung cancers. Patients with SCLC and LCNEC have a poor ...
journal_title:Journal of thoracic disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21037/jtd.2017.01.60
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00