Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Clinical Ethics Committees (CECs) are well established at healthcare institutions in resource-rich countries. However, there is limited information on established CECs in resource poor countries, especially in Africa. This study aimed to establish baseline data regarding existing formal CECs in Africa to raise awareness of and to encourage the establishment of CECs or Clinical Ethics Consultation Services (CESs) on the continent. METHODS:A descriptive study was undertaken using an online questionnaire via SunSurveys to survey healthcare professionals and bioethicists in Africa. Data were subjected to descriptive analysis and Fischer's exact test was applied to determine associations. Texts from the open-ended questions were thematically analysed. RESULTS:In total 109 participants from 37 African countries completed the survey in December 2019. A significant association was found between participants' bioethics qualification or training and involvement in clinical ethics (p = 0.005). All participants were familiar with Research Ethics Committees (RECs), and initially conflated RECs with CECs. When CECs were explained in detail, approximately 85.3% reported that they had no formal CECs in their institutions. The constraints to developing CECs included lack of training, limited resources, and lack of awareness of CECs. However, the majority of participants (81.7%) were interested in establishing CECs. Participants listed assistance required in establishing CECs including funding, resources, capacity building and collaboration with other known CECs. The results do not reflect CECs established since the onset of COVID-19 in Africa. CONCLUSIONS:This study provides a first look into CECs in Africa and found very few formal CECs on the continent indicating an urgent need for the establishment of CECs or CESs in Africa. While the majority of healthcare professionals and bioethicists are aware of ethical dilemmas in healthcare, the concept of formal CECs is foreign. This study served to raise awareness of CECs. Research ethics and RECs overshadow CECs in Africa because international funders from the global north support capacity development in research ethics and establish RECs to approve the research they fund in Africa. Raising awareness via educational opportunities, research and conferences about CECs and their role in improving the quality of health care in Africa is sorely needed.
journal_name
BMC Med Ethicsjournal_title
BMC medical ethicsauthors
Moodley K,Kabanda SM,Soldaat L,Kleinsmidt A,Obasa AE,Kling Sdoi
10.1186/s12910-020-00559-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-18 00:00:00pages
115issue
1issn
1472-6939pii
10.1186/s12910-020-00559-2journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Various forms of Clinical Ethics Support (CES) have been developed in health care organizations. Over the past years, increasing attention has been paid to the question of how to foster the quality of ethics support. In the Netherlands, a CES quality assessment project based on a responsive evaluation design...
journal_title:BMC medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12910-019-0418-2
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV prevention research in resource-limited countries is associated with a variety of ethical dilemmas. Key amongst these is the question of what constitutes an appropriate standard of health care (SoC) for participants in HIV prevention trials. This paper describes a community-focused approach to develop a ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6939-10-17
更新日期:2009-10-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Implementation science research, especially when using participatory and co-design approaches, raises unique challenges for research ethics committees. Such challenges may be poorly addressed by approval and governance mechanisms that were developed for more traditional research approaches such as randomised...
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doi:10.1186/s12910-015-0072-2
更新日期:2015-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric biobanking is considered important for generating biomedical knowledge and improving (pediatric) health care. However, the inclusion of children's samples in biobanks involves specific ethical issues. One of the main concerns is how to appropriately engage children in the consent procedure. We suggest that c...
journal_title:BMC medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12910-016-0142-0
更新日期:2016-10-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Respect for confidentiality is important to safeguard the well-being of patients and ensure the confidence of society in the doctor-patient relationship. The aim of our study is to examine real situations in which there has been a breach of confidentiality, by means of direct observation in clinical practice...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Moral Case Deliberations (MCDs) are reflective dialogues with a group of participants on their own moral dilemmas. Although MCD is successful as clinical ethics support (CES), it also has limitations. 1. Lessons learned from individual MCDs are not shared in order to be used in other contexts 2. Moral learni...
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更新日期:2018-12-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of tissue collected at a forensic post-mortem for forensic genetics research purposes remains of ethical concern as the process involves obtaining informed consent from grieving family members. Two forensic genetics research studies using tissue collected from a forensic post-mortem were recently ini...
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更新日期:2005-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:DNR decisions are frequently made in oncology and hematology care and physicians and nurses may face related ethical dilemmas. Ethics is considered a basic competence in health care and can be understood as a capacity to handle a task that involves an ethical dilemma in an adequate, ethically responsible man...
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更新日期:2018-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:France has long been a country of immigration and in some respects may be seen to have a generous policy with respect to asylum seekers and access to health care for migrants. The French state notably provides healthcare access for undocumented migrants, through state medical aid and since 1998 has had a hum...
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更新日期:2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the growing recognition for the need to improve the health of prisoners in Canada and the need for health research, there has been little discussion of the ethical issues with regards to health research with prisoners in Canada. The purpose of this paper is to encourage a national conversation about ...
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更新日期:2017-04-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health checks or health screenings identify (risk factors for) disease in people without a specific medical indication. So far, the perspective of (potential) health check users has remained underexposed in discussions about the ethics and regulation of health checks. METHODS:In 2017, we conducted a qualita...
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更新日期:2018-06-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In most Anglophone nations, policy and law increasingly foster an autonomy-based model, raising issues for large numbers of people who fail to fit the paradigm, and indicating problems in translating practical and theoretical understandings of 'good death' to policy. Three exemplar populations are frail olde...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-07-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scientific advances have resulted in more complex medical systems, which in turn have led to an increase in the number of patient safety incidents (PSIs). In this environment, the importance of honest disclosure of PSIs is rising, which highlight the need to settle a reliable system. This study aimed to inve...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:How should clinical ethics support services such as clinical ethics committees (CECs) be implemented and evaluated? We argue that both the CEC itself and the implementation of the CEC should be considered as 'complex interventions'. MAIN TEXT:We present a research project involving the implementation of CEC...
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更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since 2010, the European Journal of Anaesthesiology has required the reporting of five items concerning ethical approval in articles describing human research: ethics committee's name and address, chairperson's name, study's protocol number and approval date. We aimed to assess whether this requirement has h...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Consenting for retrospective medical records-based research (MR) and leftover tissue-based research (TR) continues to be controversial. Our objective was to survey Saudis attending outpatient clinics at a tertiary care hospital on their personal preference and perceptions of norm and current practice in rela...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6939-11-18
更新日期:2010-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mobile applications and socio-sexual networking websites are used by outreach workers to respond synchronously to questions and provide information, resources, and referrals on sexual health and STI/HIV prevention, testing, and care to gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GB2M). This explorator...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal models of human diseases are often used in biomedical research in place of human subjects. However, results obtained by animal models may fail to hold true for humans. One way of addressing this problem is to make animal models more similar to humans by placing human tissue into animal models, renderi...
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更新日期:2019-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Expectations of receiving personal health information as a fringe benefit of biospecimen donation-termed diagnostic misconception-are increasingly documented. We developed an instrument measuring conflation of observational biospecimen-based research and clinical care for use with Latino communities, who may...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-07-17 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-02-10 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2012-01-05 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-12-07 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-12-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Africa continues to bear a disproportionate share of the global HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria burden. The development and distribution of safe, effective and affordable vaccines is critical to reduce these epidemics. However, conducting HIV/AIDS, TB, and/or malaria vaccine trials simultaneously in ...
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更新日期:2010-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2009, Dr. Paolo Zamboni proposed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) as a possible cause of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although his theory and the associated treatment ("liberation therapy") received little more than passing interest in the international scientific and medical communities, hi...
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更新日期:2013-02-12 00:00:00
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更新日期:2014-08-08 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-04-27 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-11-25 00:00:00