Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Environmental enteropathy is an example of a poorly-understood intestinal disorder affecting millions of children worldwide, characterized by malabsorption and stunting. Although there is increasing interest in non-invasive means of assessing intestinal structure and function, the potential value of intestinal biopsy for histology, immunostaining, RNA sequencing and epigenetic work means that endoscopic biopsy remains extremely valuable. We here report our experience in the BEECH (Biomarkers of Environmental Enteropathy in CHildren) study of stunting in Zambia, in the belief that it may help address the knowledge gap regarding the safety of endoscopic biopsy in vulnerable young children. METHODS:We report our experience of safety in 119 children undergoing endoscopic biopsy in the BEECH study in Lusaka Children's Hospital, Lusaka, and discuss ethical considerations in this light. RESULTS:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed on children with stunting (length-for-age z score -2 or less) not responsive to nutritional interventions. Conscious sedation was provided by anaesthetists. Of 119 children, 5 (4%) developed transient desaturation, but no serious adverse events were experienced; no clinical, demographic or anaesthetic characteristics were identified as predictive of desaturation. Two children derived clinically useful information from the endoscopy, one life-saving. Of 105 lactase tests, 59 (54%) showed hypolactasia. DISCUSSION:Children with stunting underwent endoscopy safely, and some derived clinical benefit. Safety and the possibility of clinical benefit are usually felt to be preconditions for the ethical justification for endoscopy for research in children, and we believe that these conditions were met in this study.
journal_name
J Trop Pediatrjournal_title
Journal of tropical pediatricsauthors
Chandwe K,Amadi B,Chipunza M,Zyambo M,Kelly Pdoi
10.1093/tropej/fmaa074subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-14 00:00:00eissn
0142-6338issn
1465-3664pii
5981785pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Liver involvement is commonly observed in patients with typhoid fever. However, a hepatitis-like picture with fever and jaundice is unusual and infrequently reported in the paediatric literature. Our aim was to characterize the clinical picture, biochemical features, and prognosis of typhoid hepatitis. One hundred cas...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/45.5.287
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neonatal septicemia. The present study was planned to estimate the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in neonatal septicemia. The study was done to evaluate the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic in neonates with ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fml013
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the importance of food supplementation as incentive in improving preantiretroviral therapy (pre-ART) adherence, and second its impact on health of HIV-infected children by a clinic-based observational study. METHODS:HIV-seropositive children aged between 2 and 12 years were followed-up sequential...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmr026
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital malaria, defined as the presence of malaria parasites in the erythrocytes of newborns aged <7 days, was considered rare in endemic areas until recent studies started reporting high prevalence rates. Various theories have been postulated to explain this phenomenon, but they are not proven conclusively from r...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn016
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was designed to determine the prevalence of congenital malaria, cord blood and placental malaria parasitaemia and the prevalence of clinical manifestations of congenital malaria. Ile-Ife is a holoendemic area for malaria. Placental, cord and peripheral blood smears of 120 newborn babies were examined for mal...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmi003
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tests for renal function were performed in 75 smear positive children with acute malaria together with 10 control children. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 52 and 46 per cent cases, respectively. Renal impairment in the form of decreased endogenous creatine clearance (less than 65 ml/min/m2) w...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/35.6.291
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective cohort study was carried out to determine the factors affecting initiation of breastfeeding, and describe patterns of breastfeeding and supplemental feeding in the multiethnically and culturally diverse population of Al Ain, UAE. Two-hundred-and-twenty-one infants completed the 4 weeks of follow up. None...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/43.5.304
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Febrile seizures may contribute to epilepsy later in life, but data in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. We, therefore, conducted a hospital-based study on clinical characteristics of children with febrile seizures. METHODS:Over 2 years, we screened all pediatric admissions of Haydom Lutheran Hospital, northern...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmt022
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cassia occidentalis toxicity is thought to be uncommon; however, several cases have been described with acute hepatomyoencephalopathy with a high-mortality rate. We report a previously healthy, 2-year-old girl who developed acute liver failure after fresh seed ingestion. Without a specific antidote, we decided to impl...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmaa087
更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the patterns of disclosure of HIV positive serostatus among 145 Indian children aged >5 years. Only 60 (41.4%) children were aware of their HIV-positive status. Disclosure was most frequently done by parents [51/60 (85%)] at a mean age of 9.1 ± 1.4 y...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq115
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study, which was carried out in the Jos Plateau in Nigeria, analysed the changes in growth and body composition that occurred among 17 male and 13 female Fulani children (aged 4-13 years) in the 7-month period which followed their displacement from their homes into a temporary camp due to ethnic/religious violenc...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/49.5.279
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared intravenous magnesium sulphate vs. inhaled nitric oxide in the therapy of moderate persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate. A retrospective collection of clinical data from 58 neonates was carried out in six neonatal intensive care units of Southern Italy sharing the same operational protocol...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmm101
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to examine the rates of HIV serostatus disclosure in a sample of HIV-infected children in the state of Karnataka in South India, their reactions to learning their HIV-positive status and the reasons for and barriers to disclosure from the point of view of their caregivers. We enrolled 233 HIV-i...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmx079
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkitt's lymphoma is the most common childhood cancer in Africa. Most prevalent in areas endemic for malaria, the disease, a malignant growth of lymphoid tissue, usually presents itself as a large tumour of the jaw. When first characterized in the 1950s, the lymphoma was thought to spread by some infectious agent. Su...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/tropej/36.3.114
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eosinophilia is very common among rural poulation in Barabanki and neighbouring districts with no access to hygienic mode of stool disposition. Significant proportions of these children are suffering from anemia, undernutrition, anorexia, pain abdomen, cough and hence long term morbidity. This adds to the DALY of a de...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmw035
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As fewer children in Thailand are exposed to hepatitis A virus (HAV) and so do not have seroprotective anti-HAV antibodies, they are becoming an important source of HAV transmission. A flexible HAV vaccination schedule would facilitate incorporation of the vaccine into existing immunization programmes, and we compared...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/tropej/49.6.333
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objectives:To evaluate pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) needs, outcome and predictors of mortality in post-neonatal tetanus. Materials and methods:Review of 30 consecutive post-neonatal tetanus cases aged 1 months to 12 years admitted to a PICU in north India over a period of 10 years (January 2006 to December 201...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmx020
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we have prospectively recorded healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in NICU and found incidence density as 18 infections per 1000 patient days. Of the infections, 51.3% was bacteriemia (BSI), and 45.1% was ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Gram-negative microorganisms were predominant in VAP and...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq060
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::India with its 4 million cases of leprosy, accounts for one-third of the world's population of leprosy patients. One-fourth of them are below 15 years of age. We report a 5-year follow-up study of healthy children who were close contacts of leprosy patients, in order to: 1. detect subclinical infection and observe the...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/41.3.132
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphocyte subsets, activation markers and apoptosis were assessed in 20 HIV-exposed noninfected (ENI) children born to HIV-infected women who were or not exposed to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs during pregnancy and early infancy. ENI children and adolescents were aged 6-18 years and they were compared to 25 age-matched...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq024
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:HIV-infected adolescents are a heterogeneous population; source of infection, immunodeficiency severity and antiretroviral (ARV) experience vary. Here, we describe youth followed in an observational study at Latin American sites of the NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI). METHODS:The NISD...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq068
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are no evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of neonatal sepsis although standard text books recommend 14 days of antibiotics for blood culture-proven neonatal sepsis. OBJECTIVE:The present study compared the effectiveness of a 10-day course of antibiotic therapy with the conventional 14-day cou...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq012
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in a breastfeeding population varies from 20% to 45%. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate breastfeeding practices and the early basic HIV transmission rate in HIV-exposed children in the Djoungolo health district (prevention of mother-to-child transmission HIV programme). ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq018
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac complications of 32 children with scorpion envenomation, during a 1-year period from August 1990 to August 1991 were studied. Sixteen children (50 per cent) were diagnosed as having myocarditis; of these in four children the presentation was subclinical. ECG changes were seen in 63 per cent of children envenom...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/41.6.338
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this prospective, randomized and controlled study was to compare the clinical efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and oral sildenafil therapies with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. A total of 34 infants in the MgSO₄ group and 31 infants in the sildenafil group completed the s...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmq091
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Validity of naked eye single tube red cell osmotic fragility test ('Nestroft') was evaluated on 253 individuals divided into two groups. The HbA2 values estimated in each child was taken as gold standard. Group I comprised of 93 individuals belonging to families in which at least one of the children was suffering from...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/43.6.363
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brucellar meningitis is relatively uncommon, especially in children younger than 1 year. We present another case of meningitis due to Brucella melitensis biotype 1 in a 11-month-old infant transmitted by breast milk. This is the first report of successful isolation of B. melitensis from the breast milk in the literatu...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn017
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early data regarding the outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) suggested mortality as high as 100%. Recent studies report mortality of 38%. Survival depends on the indication for admission. OBJECTIVES:To describe the prevalence, duration of...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmm036
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to classify intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) newborn babies from an urban region in Brazil into four different subtypes, according to their weight, length, and ponderal index (PI). Three hundred and fifty-six (356) babies were differentiated by this classification into IUGR subtypes ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/44.6.355
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-three children with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) were studied in parallel with 37 children with primary pulmonary complex (PPC), 32 tuberculin skin positive controls, and 38 skin negative controls for immunological evaluation. Proportions of peripheral blood total T and T helper lymphocytes (TH) were significant...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/38.1.31
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00