Exploring the organisational context of research misconduct in higher learning institutions in Malaysia.

Abstract:

:Due to the financial pressure caused by cutbacks in funding and the race to achieve higher university rankings, researchers are competing for limited funds. These funds enable researchers to contribute to the scientific enterprise and to secure better positions. Given this pressure, there is a need to understand how academic organisations can influence academic integrity. This study uses a qualitative methodology and incudes in-depth interviews with 22 voluntary participants from various Malaysian public and private universities and with different research backgrounds and experience. The findings suggest that mentorship, the pressure to perform, the research environment and research policies related to misconduct can contribute to research misconduct. According to the participants, reward systems that are heavily dependent on publication records can result in a research environment that is not conducive to research ethics, and which creates self-centred individualistic researchers rather than team players. This can lead to bad mentorship where researchers are more concerned with their own performance and do not prioritise their teaching and supervising of junior researchers. The endorsement of well-written research policies may have little significant value for research misconduct without enforcement and awareness of the importance of research integrity. This paper is an attempt to encourage university management to promote research integrity among individuals who are directly or indirectly involved in the research process by taking action against those involved in misconduct. It also suggests rewarding researchers based on their overall performance rather than solely on their publication record.

journal_name

Dev World Bioeth

authors

Olesen AP,Amin L,Mahadi Z,Ibrahim M

doi

10.1111/dewb.12298

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-10 00:00:00

eissn

1471-8731

issn

1471-8847

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Ethical considerations in African traditional medicine: a response to Nyika.

    abstract::Like other so-called 'parallel' practices in medicine, traditional medicine (TM) does not avoid criticism or even rejection. Nyika's article 'Ethical and Regulatory Issues Surrounding African Traditional Medicine in the Context of HIV/AIDS' looks at some of the issues from a traditional Western ethical perspective and...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00184.x

    authors: van Bogaert DK

    更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00

  • Informed Consent in Health Research: Challenges and Barriers in Low-and Middle-Income Countries with Specific Reference to Nepal.

    abstract::Obtaining 'informed consent' from every individual participant involved in health research is a mandatory ethical practice. Informed consent is a process whereby potential participants are genuinely informed about their role, risk and rights before they are enrolled in the study. Thus, ethics committees in most countr...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12123

    authors: Regmi PR,Aryal N,Kurmi O,Pant PR,van Teijlingen E,Wasti SP

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Opinions of researchers based in the UK on recruiting subjects from developing countries into randomized controlled trials.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Explaining technical terms in consent forms prior to seeking informed consent to recruit into trials can be challenging in developing countries, and more so when the studies are randomized controlled trials. This study was carried out to examine the opinions of researchers on ways of dealing with these chall...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00164.x

    authors: Newton SK,Appiah-Poku J

    更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00

  • International service learning programs: ethical issues and recommendations.

    abstract::Inequities in global health are increasingly of interest to health care providers in developed countries. In response, many academic healthcare programs have begun to offer international service learning programs. Participants in these programs are motivated by ethical principles, but this type of work presents signif...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2011.00299.x

    authors: Reisch RA

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • A Scoping Study on the Ethics of Health Systems Research.

    abstract::Currently, health systems research (HSR) is reviewed by the same ethical standards as clinical research, which has recently been argued in the literature to be an inappropriate standard of evaluation. The issues unique to HSR warrant a different review by research ethics committees (RECs), as it does not impose the sa...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12117

    authors: Bachani AM,Rattani A,Hyder AA

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Four forward-looking guidance points.

    abstract::Four key guidance points in the UNAIDS guidance document, Ethical Considerations in HIV Preventive Vaccine Research, are compared with analogous statements in three other recently issued documents dealing with international research. Those documents are: the Declaration of Helsinki, as revised in 2000; the report of t...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/1471-8847.00017

    authors: Macklin R

    更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00

  • Participated without consent: Mandatory authorization of government database for secondary use.

    abstract::Compared with data that is initially collected for research purposes, the mandatory authorization of a government database for secondary use deserves greater scrutiny because it consists of information that is collected initially for administrative purposes. Using the case of Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) D...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12259

    authors: Yeh MJ

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Summary: the science of genealogy by genetics.

    abstract::This summary lays out the basic science and methodology used in genetic testing that investigates historical population migrations and the ancestry of living individuals. The genetic markers used in this testing, and the distinction between Y-chromosome, mitochondrial and autosomes analysis, are explained and the shor...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1046/j.1471-8731.2003.00064.x

    authors: Johnston J,Thomas M

    更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00

  • Place, priestly status and purity: the impact of genetic research on an Indian Jewish community.

    abstract::The Bene Israel is a Jewish community in western India whose origins are unknown from conventional sources. This paper discusses a genetic ancestry study that mapped Bene Israel genealogies and the impact of the study on the Bene Israel. ...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1046/j.1471-8731.2003.00074.x

    authors: Parfitt T

    更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00

  • A critique of the principle of 'respect for autonomy', grounded in African thought.

    abstract::I give an account how the principle of 'respect for autonomy' dominates the field of bioethics, and how it came to triumph over its competitors, 'respect for persons' and 'respect for free power of choice'. I argue that 'respect for autonomy' is unsatisfactory as a basic principle of bioethics because it is grounded i...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12145

    authors: Behrens KG

    更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical research law in Jordan: an ethical analysis.

    abstract::An ethical analysis of Jordan's Clinical Research Law, which became effective in 2001, was performed. Accordingly, this paper discusses the major components, key strengths and weaknesses of this law. As an initial effort, the Law addresses important aspects of research ethics and, hence, should serve as an example for...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00221.x

    authors: Ramahi I,Silverman H

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Considerations for stakeholder engagement and COVID-19 related clinical trials' conduct in sub-Saharan Africa.

    abstract::The aim of this study is to determine how stakeholder engagement can be adapted for the conduct of COVID-19-related clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa. Nine essential stakeholder engagement practices were reviewed: formative research; stakeholder engagement plan; communications and issues management plan; protocol ...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12283

    authors: Folayan MO,Brown B,Haire B,Babalola CP,Ndembi N

    更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00

  • Race, science and a novel: an interdisciplinary dialogue.

    abstract::In the novel Racists by Kunal Basu (2006), two competing scientists initiate an experiment that they believe will prove which race is superior. The research subjects, one white and one black infant, are sequestered on an isolated island in the care of a mute nurse. The contest must be waged in a 'natural laboratory' w...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00195.x

    authors: Burns L,Lanoix M,Melnychuk RM,Pauly B

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • Community members' engagement with and involvement in genomic research: lessons to learn from the field.

    abstract::In this paper, we describe the potential role laypersons on ethics committees can play in ensuring community concerns are addressed in the design and implementation of genomic research. We draw inferences from the outcome of an empirical study of the impact of training of laypersons to address community engagement iss...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12020

    authors: Folayan MO,Oyedeji KS,Fatusi OA

    更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00

  • A Personal View: Navigating conflicting claims of legality and women's safety at a volunteer medical clinic in Guatemala.

    abstract::This paper examines the ethical considerations in a case of a 12-year-old girl seeking an abortion in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala in early 2020. The physician denied the girl care and did not refer her to a qualified provider, citing the illegality of such actions. Though abortion is illegal in Guatemala, enforcement of...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 信件

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12276

    authors: Altshuler E

    更新日期:2020-08-02 00:00:00

  • Understanding Health Research Ethics in Nepal.

    abstract::Unlike other countries in South Asia, in Nepal research in the health sector has a relatively recent history. Most health research activities in the country are sponsored by international collaborative assemblages of aid agencies and universities. Data from Nepal Health Research Council shows that, officially, 1,212 h...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12109

    authors: Sharma JR,Khatri R,Harper I

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Stakeholder perspectives on ethical challenges in HIV vaccine trials in South Africa.

    abstract::There is little published literature on the ethical concerns of stakeholders in HIV vaccine trials. This study explored the ethical challenges identified by various stakeholders, through an open-ended, in-depth approach. While the few previous studies have been largely quantitative, respondents in this study had the o...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00254.x

    authors: Essack Z,Koen J,Barsdorf N,Slack C,Quayle M,Milford C,Lindegger G,Ranchod C,Mukuka R

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Rights of and duties to non-consenting patients--informed refusal in the developing world.

    abstract::The principle of informed refusal poses a specific problem when it is invoked by a pregnant woman who, in spite of having accepted her pregnancy, refuses the diagnostic and/or therapeutic measures that would ensure the well-being of her endangered fetus. Guidelines issued by professional bodies in the developed world ...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00132.x

    authors: van Bogaert LJ

    更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00

  • Should We Formulate an Incentivized Model Facilitating Kidney Donation from Living Donors? A Focus on Turkey's Current System.

    abstract::Kidney transplantation is a lifesaving medical treatment. However, very high demand for kidneys with low kidney donation causes a black market that exploits patients' desperation and donors' vulnerability. The current kidney donation programs fail to produce promising results to avoid illegal and unethical kidney traf...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12192

    authors: Avci E

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Animal research ethics in Africa: is Tanzania making progress?

    abstract::The significance of animals in research cannot be over-emphasized. The use of animals for research and training in research centres, hospitals and schools is progressively increasing. Advances in biotechnology to improve animal productivity require animal research. Drugs being developed and new interventions or therap...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12001

    authors: Seth M,Saguti F

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • Pandemic preparedness and cooperative justice.

    abstract::By examining the global public good nature of pandemic preparedness we can identify key social justice issues that need to be confronted to increase citizens' voluntary compliance with prevention and mitigation measures. As people tend to cooperate on a voluntary basis only with systems they consider fair, it becomes ...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12289

    authors: Timmermann C

    更新日期:2020-09-03 00:00:00

  • How to deal with neglected tropical diseases in the light of an African ethic.

    abstract::Many countries in Africa, and more generally those in the Global South with tropical areas, are plagued by illnesses that the wealthier parts of the world (mainly 'the West') neither suffer from nor put systematic effort into preventing, treating or curing. What does an ethic with a recognizably African pedigree entai...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12179

    authors: Metz T

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Systemic Negligence: Why It Is Morally Important for Developing World Bioethics.

    abstract::In the context of clinical and non-clinical biomedical practices, negligence is usually understood as a lapse of a specific professional duty by a healthcare worker or by a medical facility. This paper tries to delineate systemic negligence as another kind of negligence in the context of health systems, particularly i...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12063

    authors: Chakraborti C

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • A question of justice: assessing nurse migration from a philosophical perspective.

    abstract::The intensified nurse migration leads to severe problems for the health care systems in many developing countries. Using the Philippines as an example, this paper will address the question of global nurse migration from a philosophical perspective. John Rawls' liberal and Michael Walzer's communitarian theory of justi...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2010.00284.x

    authors: Kaelin L

    更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00

  • Cultural conundrums: the ethics of epidemiology and the problems of population in implementing pre-exposure prophylaxis.

    abstract::The impending implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has prompted complicated bioethical and public health ethics concerns regarding the moral distribution of antiretroviral medications (ARVs) to ostensibly healthy populations as a form of HIV prevention when millions of HIV-positive people still lack acces...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12034

    authors: Fiereck K

    更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00

  • Because we can: clashes of perspective over researcher obligation in the failed PrEP trials.

    abstract::This article examines the relationship between bioethics and the therapeutic standards in HIV prevention research in the developing world, focusing on the closure of the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials in the early 2000s. I situate the PrEP trials in the historical context of the vertical transmission debates o...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2010.00292.x

    authors: Haire BG

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Module six: special issues.

    abstract::The objective of this module is to cover ground that was not covered in-depth in any of the other modules, including: scientific misconduct, issues concerning the publication and ownership of research results (authorship guidelines - who is eligible to be considered an author, or contributor to a scientific paper etc....

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2005.00104.x

    authors: Schneider B,Schüklenk U

    更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00

  • Evolution of research ethics in a low resource setting: A case for Uganda.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The globalization of clinical research in the last two decades has led to a significant increase in the volume of clinical research in developing countries. As of 2016, Uganda was the third largest destination for clinical trials in Africa. This requires adequate capacity and systems to facilitate ethical pr...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/dewb.12198

    authors: Ochieng J,Mwaka E,Kwagala B,Sewankambo N

    更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00

  • The therapeutic exception: abortion, sterilization and medical necessity in Costa Rica.

    abstract::Based on the case of Rosa, a nine-year-old girl who was denied a therapeutic abortion, this article analyzes the role played by the social in medical practice. For that purpose, it compares the different application of two similar pieces of legislation in Costa Rica, where both the practice of abortion and sterilizati...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00200.x

    authors: Carranza M

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Off-shoring clinical research: exploitation and the reciprocity constraint.

    abstract::The last 20 years have seen a staggering growth in the practice of off-shoring clinical research to low-and middle-income countries (LICs and MICs), a growth that has been matched by the neoliberal policies adopted by host countries towards attracting trials to their shores. A recurring concern in this context is the ...

    journal_title:Developing world bioethics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2012.00332.x

    authors: Mitra AG

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00