Biomechanical comparisons of back and front squats with a straight bar and four squats with a transformer bar.

Abstract:

:The purpose was to quantify trunk and lower extremity biomechanics among back and front squats with a straight bar and four squats with different anterior-posterior load placements imposed by a transformer bar. Ten males and eight females performed six squat conditions: back and front squats with a straight bar, back and front squats with a transformer bar, and squats with more posteriorly or anteriorly placed loads with a transformer bar. A constant load of 70% of the participant's one-repetition maximum in the straight-bar front squat was used. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected to quantify joint biomechanics at an estimated parallel squat position in the descending and ascending phases. Squats with more anteriorly placed load significantly decreased trunk flexion and pelvis anterior tilt angles with large effect sizes but increased low-back extension moments with medium to large effect sizes. Hip, knee, and ankle extension moments were generally similar among most conditions. Participants adjusted their trunk and pelvis to mediate the effects of load placements on low-back and lower extremity moments. While lower extremity loading was similar among different squats, the different trunk and pelvis angles and low-back moments should be taken into consideration for people with low-back impairment.

journal_name

Sports Biomech

journal_title

Sports biomechanics

authors

Goršič M,Rochelle LE,Layer JS,Smith DT,Novak D,Dai B

doi

10.1080/14763141.2020.1832563

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-09 00:00:00

pages

1-16

eissn

1476-3141

issn

1752-6116

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Comment on "Use of deterministic models in sports and exercise biomechanics research" by Chow and Knudson (2011).

    abstract::Although deterministic models may provide a useful starting point for sports biomechanists examining the mechanical aspects of athletic performance, they have inherent weaknesses that limit their proctical application. Specifically, their inability to provide substantive information about coordinative movement pattern...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 评论,信件

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2011.650189

    authors: Glazier PS,Robins MT

    更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of weighted vests and sled towing on sprint kinematics.

    abstract::In this study, we compared sprint kinematics of sled towing and vest sprinting with the same relative loads. Twenty athletes performed 30-m sprints in three different conditions: (a) un-resisted, (b) sled towing, and (c) vest sprinting. During sled towing and vest sprinting, external loads of 15% and 20% of body mass ...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140701841381

    authors: Cronin J,Hansen K,Kawamori N,McNair P

    更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00

  • The collision forces and lower-extremity inter-joint coordination during running.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare the lower extremity inter-joint coordination of different collision forces runners during running braking phase. A dynamical system approach was used to analyse the inter-joint coordination parameters. Data were collected with six infra-red cameras and two force plates. Accordi...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2016.1249938

    authors: Wang LI,Gu CY,Wang IL,Siao SW,Chen ST

    更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00

  • Biomechanics teachers can be animals.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to determine whether a constructivist approach, in particular a visit to a zoo, could be effective in consolidating mechanical concepts and applying those concepts to coaching and teaching. Ten students in their final year of their Bachelor of Physical Education at the University of Edinburgh...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140508522866

    authors: Sanders R,Sanders L

    更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of different types of cricket batting pads on the running and turning speed in cricket batting.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to compare a batsman's running and turning speed during three runs while wearing either traditional batting pads or one of two models of newly designed cricket batting pads. Fifteen cricketers participated. The running and turning speeds were measured on three different days with players usin...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2006.9628222

    authors: Loock N,Du Toit DE,Ventner DJ,Stretch RA

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Sprint start performance: the potential influence of triceps surae electromechanical delay.

    abstract::In the sprint start, a defined sequence of distinct response delays occurs before the athlete produces a movement response. Excitation of lower limb muscles occurs prior to force production against the blocks, culminating in a movement response. The time delay between muscle excitation and movement, electromechanical ...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2019.1657932

    authors: Crotty ED,Hayes K,Harrison AJ

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Reliability of horizontal force-velocity-power profiling during short sprint-running accelerations using radar technology.

    abstract::Radar technology can be used to perform horizontal force-velocity-power profiling during sprint-running. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of radar-derived profiling results from short sprint accelerations. Twenty-seven participants completed three 30 m sprints (intra-day analysis), and nine parti...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2017.1386707

    authors: Simperingham KD,Cronin JB,Pearson SN,Ross A

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • An observational model for biomechanical assessment of sprint kayaking technique.

    abstract::Sprint kayaking stroke phase descriptions for biomechanical analysis of technique vary among kayaking literature, with inconsistencies not conducive for the advancement of biomechanics applied service or research. We aimed to provide a consistent basis for the categorisation and analysis of sprint kayak technique by p...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2012.724701

    authors: McDonnell LK,Hume PA,Nolte V

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Relationships between clubshaft motions and clubface orientation during the golf swing.

    abstract::Since clubface orientation at impact affects ball direction and ball spin, the ability to control clubface orientation is one of the most important skills for golfers. This study presents a new method to describe clubface orientation as a function of the clubshaft motions (i.e., swing plane orientation, clubshaft angl...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2017.1328528

    authors: Takagi T,Yokozawa T,Inaba Y,Matsuda Y,Shiraki H

    更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00

  • Consistency of performances in the Tkatchev release and re-grasp on high bar.

    abstract::The Tkatchev on the high bar is a release and re-grasp skill in which the gymnast rotates in a direction during flight opposite to that of the preceding swing. Since the release window is defined as the time during which the gymnast has appropriate linear and angular momentum to ensure the bar can be re-grasped, it wa...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140701324511

    authors: Hiley MJ,Yeadon MR,Buxton E

    更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of the strain rate on mechanical properties of tendon structures in knee extensors and plantar flexors in vivo.

    abstract::The purpose of present study was to investigate site differences in the effects of strain rate on tendon properties between knee extensors and plantar flexors. Elongation of tendon structures (L) in vastus lateralis and medial gastrocnemius muscles was measured by ultrasonography while participants performed ramp and ...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2019.1615541

    authors: Kouno M,Ishigaki T,Ikebukuro T,Yata H,Kubo K

    更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00

  • Comparison of running kinematics between elite and national-standard 1500-m runners.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to determine whether elite 1500-m runners differ in their running kinematics from national-standard 1500-m runners. Six national-standard male runners (seasonal best: 3 min 49.2 s +/- 3.2 s) were assessed during the second lap of a 1500-m race. Their running kinematics was then compared with ...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140802632382

    authors: Leskinen A,Häkkinen K,Virmavirta M,Isolehto J,Kyröläinen H

    更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00

  • Foot force production and asymmetries in elite rowers.

    abstract::The rowing stroke is a leg-driven action, in which forces developed by the lower limbs provide a large proportion of power delivered to the oars. In terms of both performance and injury, it is important to initiate each stroke with powerful and symmetrical loading of the foot stretchers. The aims of this study were to...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2013.861013

    authors: Buckeridge EM,Bull AM,McGregor AH

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Relative shank to thigh length is associated with different mechanisms of power production during elite male ergometer rowing.

    abstract::The effect of anthropometric differences in shank to thigh length ratio upon timing and magnitude of joint power production during the drive phase of the rowing stroke was investigated in 14 elite male rowers. Rowers were tested on the RowPerfect ergometer which was instrumented at the handle and foot stretcher to mea...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140903414391

    authors: Greene AJ,Sinclair PJ,Dickson MH,Colloud F,Smith RM

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • The RowPerfect ergometer: a training aid for on-water single scull rowing.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare rowing technique on the dynamic RowPerfect ergometer with a single scull. Eight national-level rowers performed on both the RowPerfect ergometer and in a single scull over 500 m, at rates of 24, 26, and 28 strokes/minute. Blade force and oar angle (on-water) and handle force an...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140208522791

    authors: Elliott B,Lyttle A,Birkett O

    更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00

  • Changes in technique within a sprint hurdle run.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to understand changes in technique within an athlete's own performance during a sprint hurdles run. Four athletes performed a training session containing four trials each over 10 hurdles. Clearances at hurdles three and nine were videotaped from a side view and manually digitised. All athlete...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140608522871

    authors: Salo AI,Scarborough S

    更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00

  • Three-dimensional kinematics analysis of blind football kicking.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to identify critical technical points that lead to increased ball speed in a maximal toe kick with no run-up (a 'static kick') in blind football. Six visually impaired male players and eight sighted male players participated in the experiment. All participants wore a blindfold to fully re...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1787499

    authors: Sakuma T,Kobayashi M,Kinoshita H,Matsui Y,Kobayashi Y,Watanabe M

    更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00

  • Contribution of the tibialis posterior and peroneus longus to inter-segment coordination of the foot during single-leg drop jump.

    abstract::Abnormal foot motion is considered to be related to sports related injuries. This study aimed to identify the relationship between calf muscle activity and inter-segment coordination of the foot during single-leg drop jumps. Eleven healthy men participated and performed single-leg drop jumps from a 30-cm box. Muscle a...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1806347

    authors: Akuzawa H,Imai A,Iizuka S,Matsunaga N,Kaneoka K

    更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00

  • Resistance characteristics of innovative eco-fitness equipment: a water buoyancy muscular machine.

    abstract::This paper propose innovative eco-fitness equipment-a water buoyancy muscular machine (WBM machine) in which resistance is generated by buoyancy and fluid resistance. The resistance characteristics during resistance adjustment and under isometric, concentric, eccentric and isokinetic conditions were investigated and c...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2017.1357746

    authors: Chen WH,Liu YC,Tai HH,Liu C

    更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00

  • Three-dimensional kinematics in healthy older adult males during golf swings.

    abstract::The biomechanics of the golf swing have received considerable attention in previous research. However, existing studies have focused on young athletes, while the kinematics of older golfers remain poorly documented. This study presents kinematic data for healthy senior golfers during swings performed with a driver and...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2019.1649452

    authors: Severin AC,Tackett SA,Barnes CL,Mannen EM

    更新日期:2019-08-27 00:00:00

  • The relationship between single-limb squat and jump-cut kinematics.

    abstract::No objective criteria exist for progressing athletes into cutting manoeuvres following ACL reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between a jump-cut task (JC) and the single-limb squat (SLS) in both ACLR and healthy controls. Case-control, laboratory based. Twenty-three parti...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2019.1674913

    authors: Scarneo-Miller SE,Sorge JE,Beltz EM,Martinez JC,Root HJ,Burland JP,Trojian TH,DiStefano LJ

    更新日期:2019-11-11 00:00:00

  • Validity of a device designed to measure braking power in bicycle disc brakes.

    abstract::Real-world cycling performance depends not only on exercise capacities, but also on efficiently traversing the bicycle through the terrain. The aim of this study was to determine if it was possible to quantify the braking done by a cyclist in the field. One cyclist performed 408 braking trials (348 on a flat road; 60 ...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2017.1338744

    authors: Miller MC,Fink PW,Macdermid PW,Perry BG,Stannard SR

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Biomechanical analysis of volleyball overhead pass.

    abstract::In volleyball, the overhead pass is an important skill for passing a ball and making a set to attackers. In the present study, we analysed the overhead pass motion and involved muscle activity with special attention to the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). Electromyogram was recorded from the wrist and elbow joint flexo...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2019.1609072

    authors: Ozawa Y,Uchiyama S,Ogawara K,Kanosue K,Yamada H

    更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00

  • Choice of sprint start performance measure affects the performance-based ranking within a group of sprinters: which is the most appropriate measure?

    abstract::Sprint start performance has previously been quantified using several different measures. This study aimed to identify whether different measures could influence the performance-based ranking within a group of 12 sprinters, and if so, to identify the most appropriate measure. None of the 10 performance measures ranked...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2010.538713

    authors: Bezodis NE,Salo AI,Trewartha G

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of moment of inertia on restricted motion swing speed.

    abstract::In many sports, the maximum swing speed of a racket, club, or bat is a key performance parameter. Previous research in multiple sports supports the hypothesis of an inverse association between the swing speed and moment of inertia of an implement. The aim of this study was to rigorously test and quantify this relation...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2015.1027949

    authors: Schorah D,Choppin S,James D

    更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • The influence of club-head kinematics on early ball flight characteristics in the golf drive.

    abstract::Despite many coaching and biomechanical texts describing how the kinematics of the club-head at impact lead to distance and accuracy of the ball flight, there is limited quantitative evidence supporting these assertions. The purpose of this study was to quantify the relationships between club-head kinematics and subse...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2013.772225

    authors: Sweeney M,Mills P,Alderson J,Elliott B

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of upper and lower body wearable resistance on spatio-temporal and kinetic parameters during running.

    abstract::Wearable resistance training involves added load attached directly to the body during sporting movements. The effects of load position during running are not yet fully established. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine spatio-temporal and kinetic characteristics during submaximal running using upper...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2018.1508490

    authors: Couture GA,Simperingham KD,Cronin JB,Lorimer AV,Kilding AE,Macadam P

    更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00

  • Is soccer kick performance better after a "faking" (cutting) maneuver task?

    abstract::Cutting in soccer is a common skill used to avoid the opponent's pressure but the potential effects of such a skill on instep kicking performance have not been previously investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in lower limb biomechanics between straight approach soccer kicks and kicks p...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2010.547594

    authors: Katis A,Kellis E

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Adductor longus mechanics during the maximal effort soccer kick.

    abstract::Groin pain is a common cause of athletic disability and often involves the adductor longus. A common complaint of patients with groin problems is pain while preparing to kick the ball. The purpose of this study was to examine muscle length and activation of the adductor longus while kicking a soccer ball. Three-dimens...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763140903229500

    authors: Charnock BL,Lewis CL,Garrett WE Jr,Queen RM

    更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of treadmill running and fatigue on impact acceleration in distance running.

    abstract::The effects of treadmill running on impact acceleration were examined together with the interaction between running surface and runner's fatigue state. Twenty recreational runners (11 men and 9 women) ran overground and on a treadmill (at 4.0 m/s) before and after a fatigue protocol consisting of a 30-minute run at 85...

    journal_title:Sports biomechanics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14763141.2014.909527

    authors: García-Pérez JA,Pérez-Soriano P,Llana Belloch S,Lucas-Cuevas AG,Sánchez-Zuriaga D

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00