Abstract:
:The COVID-19 pandemic poses an imminent threat to humanity, especially to the elderly. The molecular mechanisms underpinning the age-dependent disparity for disease progression is not clear. COVID-19 is both a respiratory and a vascular disease in severe patients. The damage endothelial system provides a good explanation for the various complications seen in COVID-19 patients. These observations lead us to suspect that endothelial cells are a barrier that must be breached before progression to severe disease. Endothelial intracellular defences are largely dependent of the activation of the interferon (IFN) system. Nevertheless, low type I and III IFNs are generally observed in COVID-19 patients suggesting that other intracellular viral defence systems are also activated to protect the young. Intriguingly, Nitric oxide (NO), which is the main intracellular antiviral defence, has been shown to inhibit a wide array of viruses, including SARS-CoV-1. Additionally, the increased risk of death with diseases that have underlying endothelial dysfunction suggest that endothelial NOS-derived nitric oxide could be the main defence mechanism. NO decreases dramatically in the elderly, the hyperglycaemic and the patients with low levels of vitamin D. However, eNOS derived NO occurs at low levels, unless it is during inflammation and co-stimulated by bradykinin. Regrettably, the bradykinin-induced vasodilation also progressively declines with age, thereby decreasing anti-viral NO production as well. Intriguingly, the inverse correlation between the percentage of WT eNOS haplotype and death per 100K population could potentially explain the disparity of COVID-19 mortality between Asian and non-Asian countries. These changes with age, low bradykinin and NO, may be the fundamental reasons that intracellular innate immunity declines with age leading to more severe COVID-19 complications.
journal_name
Ageing Res Revjournal_title
Ageing research reviewsauthors
Guan SP,Seet RCS,Kennedy BKdoi
10.1016/j.arr.2020.101201subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-01 00:00:00pages
101201eissn
1568-1637issn
1872-9649pii
S1568-1637(20)30336-6journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This is the first meta-analysis focusing on elderly patients with mobility problems, physical disability and/or multi-morbidity. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life. A broad systematic literature search was ...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2011.11.002
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are emerging as metabolic diseases in which aberrant/dysregulated glucose metabolism and bioenergetics occur, and play a key role in disease progression. Interestingly, an enhancement of glucose uptake, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway occurs in both cancer cells and am...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2019.100915
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caloric restriction (CR) causes a reduction in body temperature (T(b)) which is suggested to contribute to changes that increase lifespan. Moreover, low T(b) has been shown to improve health and longevity independent of CR. In this review we examine the connections between CR, T(b) and mechanisms that influence longev...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2010.10.001
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A healthy functioning immune system is critical to stave off infectious diseases, but as humans and other organisms age, their immune systems decline. As a result, diseases that were readily thwarted in early life pose nontrivial harm and can even be deadly in late life. Immunosenescence is defined as the general dete...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2019.01.011
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As human life expectancy rises, the aged population will increase. Aging is accompanied by changes in tissue structure, often resulting in functional decline. For example, aging within blood vessels contributes to a decrease in blood flow to important organs, potentially leading to organ atrophy and loss of function. ...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.007
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Undernutrition without malnutrition is an intervention that enhances laboratory animal life span, and is widely studied to uncover factors limiting longevity. In a search of the literature over a course of four years, we found that most protocols currently adopted as caloric restriction do not meet micronutrient stand...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2010.05.002
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurohypophyseal hormones arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) are produced in the neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nucleus and in the much smaller cells of the suprachiasmatic (SCN) nucleus. The SON is the main source of plasma AVP. Part of the AVP and OT neurons of t...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1568-1637(02)00013-2
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been well-established that the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, or sarcopenia, impairs skeletal muscle function and reduces functional performance at a more advanced age. Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SC), as precursors of new myonuclei, have been suggested to be involved in the development of s...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.05.003
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by extracellular amyloid deposits, neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic loss, inflammation and extensive oxidative stress. Polyphenols, which include resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate and curcumin, have gained considerable interest for their ability to reduce these hallmarks ...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2013.06.003
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developments in technology have facilitated quantitative examination of gaze behavior in relation to locomotion. The objective of this systematic review is to provide a critical evaluation of available evidence and to explore the role of gaze behavior among older adults during different forms of locomotion. Database s...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.12.005
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective dopaminergic cell loss in Parkinson's disease is correlated with increased levels of cellular iron. It is still hotly debated as to whether the increase in iron is an upstream event which acts to promote neurodegeneration via formation of oxidative stress or whether iron accumulates as a by-product of the ne...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2004.01.003
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to its role in movement, human skeletal muscle also plays important roles in physiological activities related to metabolism and the endocrine system. Aging and disease onset and progression can induce the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and function, thereby exacerbating skeletal muscle atrophy. Recent s...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101155
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation process and protective housekeeping mechanism to eliminate damaged organelles, long-lived misfolded proteins and invading pathogens. Autophagy functions to recycle building blocks and energy for cellular renovation and homeostasis, allowing cells to adapt to stress. Modulation of a...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.004
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the skeleton ages, the balanced formation and resorption of normal bone remodeling is lost, and bone loss predominates. The osteoclast is the specialized cell that is responsible for bone resorption. It is a highly polarized cell that must adhere to the bone surface and migrate along it while resorbing, and cytoske...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.09.005
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many transplant studies in elderly patients focus on survival and mortality rates. It was the aim of this review to evaluate publications dealing with individual patient performance and independence. METHODS:The literature search included all articles retrievable for the hit "transplantation in elderly re...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2011.06.003
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The eye and visual system are valuable in many areas of translational research such as stem cell therapy, transplantation research and gene therapy. Changes in many ocular tissues can be measured directly, easily and objectively in vivo (e.g. lens transparency; retinal blood vessel calibre; corneal endothelial cell co...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2012.11.002
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on demographic trends, the societies in many developed countries are facing an increasing number and proportion of people over the age of 65. The raise in elderly populations along with improved health-care will be concomitant with an increased prevalence of ageing-associated chronic conditions like cardiovascul...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.09.002
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy, a major catabolic pathway responsible of the elimination of damaged proteins and organelles, is now recognized as an anti-aging process. In addition to its basal role in cell homeostasis, autophagy is also a stress-responsive mechanism for survival purposes. Here, we review recent literature to highlight th...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2015.08.004
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the impact of cognitive training and general mental stimulation on the cognitive and everyday functioning of older adults without known cognitive impairment. We examine transfer and maintenance of intervention effects, and the impact of training in group versus ind...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.02.004
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is a paradox of reduced immunity and chronic inflammation. Dendritic cells are central orchestrators of the immune response with a key role in the generation of immunity and maintenance of tolerance. The functions of DCs are compromised with age. There is no major effect on the numbers and phenotype of DC subset...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2010.06.004
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Influenza vaccination is a simple strategy recommended for the prevention of influenza infection and its complications. This meta-analysis aimed to provide current supportive evidence for the breadth and validity of the observed protective effects of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular and respiratory ad...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101124
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and their specific footprints reflect disease conditions. Over the last few years, several primary reports have described the deregulation of cell-free miRNAs in Parkinson's disease (PD), however, results have been rather inconsistent due...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101023
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sarcopenia, an age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass coupled with functional deterioration, may be exacerbated by obesity leading to higher disability, frailty, morbidity and mortality rates. In the combination of sarcopenia and obesity, the state called sarcopenic obesity (SOB), some key age- and obesity-med...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.008
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is associated with progressive changes in total and regional fat distribution that have negative health consequences. Indeed, a preferential increase in abdominal fat, in particular visceral fat, combined with a decrease in lower body subcutaneous fat are commonly cited in the literature. These age-related chang...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.06.001
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 is a major element of synapses. PSD-95 is involved in aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and numerous psychiatric disorders. However, contradictory data about PSD-95 expression in aging and AD have been reported. Indeed in AD versus control brains PSD-95 varies according to regions...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.09.004
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease with clinical characteristics of memory loss, dementia and cognitive impairment. Although the pathophysiologic mechanism is not fully understood, inflammation has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD. ...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2013.12.007
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is a major cause of many degenerative diseases. The most intuitive consequence of aging is mainly manifested on the skin, resulting in cumulative changes in skin structure, function and appearance, such as increased wrinkles, laxity, elastosis, telangiectasia, and aberrant pigmentation of the skin. Unlike other ...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101036
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As our world's population ages, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) will become an increasingly urgent public health problem. A key antecedent to clinical CVD and many other chronic disorders of aging is age-related arterial dysfunction, characterized by increased arterial stiffness and impaired arterial endothelial functio...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.002
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::White matter (WM) occupies a large volume of the human cerebrum and is mainly composed of myelinated axons and myelin-producing glial cells. The myelinated axons within WM are the structural foundation for efficient neurotransmission between cortical and subcortical areas. Similar to neuron-enriched gray matter areas,...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.11.006
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that atherosclerosis prevails in elderly populations as ageing acts as a recognized risk factor for this disease. Although the pathogenic factors leading to atherosclerosis are highly heterogeneous, traditionally speaking, the causative risk factors include hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes melli...
journal_title:Ageing research reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arr.2007.01.001
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00