Gut Microbiota-targeted Interventions for Reducing the Incidence, Duration, and Severity of Respiratory Tract Infections in Healthy Non-elderly Adults.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Respiratory tract infections (RTI), such as those caused by influenza viruses and, more recently, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, pose a significant burden to military health care systems and force readiness. The gut microbiota influences immune function, is malleable, and may provide a target for interventions aiming to reduce RTI burden. This narrative review summarizes existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, all of which are gut microbiota-targeted interventions, for reducing the burden of RTI in military-relevant populations (i.e., healthy non-elderly adults). MATERIALS AND METHODS:A systematic search strategy was used to identify recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials conducted in healthy non-elderly adults which examined effects of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics on the incidence, duration, and/or severity of RTI, or on immune responses to vaccinations against viruses that cause RTI. Relevant randomized controlled clinical trials not included in those reports were also identified. RESULTS:Meta-analyses and multiple randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that certain probiotic strains may reduce the incidence, duration, and/or severity of RTI and improve immune responses to vaccination against RTI-causing pathogens in various populations including healthy non-elderly adults. Fewer randomized controlled trials have examined the effects of prebiotics or synbiotics on RTI-related outcomes in healthy non-elderly adults. Nevertheless, some studies conducted within that population and other populations have observed that certain prebiotics and synbiotics reduce the incidence, duration, and/or severity of RTI or improve immune responses to vaccinations against RTI-causing viruses. However, across all product classes, not all product formulations have shown benefit, and most have not been tested in multiple randomized controlled trials in military-relevant populations. CONCLUSION:Dietary supplementation with certain gut microbiota-targeted interventions, and certain probiotics in particular, may provide viable strategies for reducing RTI-related illness in military personnel. Research in military populations is warranted to fully understand the magnitude of any military health and cost benefits, and to establish definitive recommendations for use.

journal_name

Mil Med

journal_title

Military medicine

authors

Karl JP

doi

10.1093/milmed/usaa261

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-02 00:00:00

eissn

0026-4075

issn

1930-613X

pii

5909704

pub_type

杂志文章
  • En Route Resuscitation - Utilization of CCATT to Transport and Stabilize Critically Injured and Unstable Casualties.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:The U.S. Air Force utilizes specialized Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATT) for transporting "stabilized" patients. Given the drawdown of military forces from various areas of operation, recent CCATT operations have increasingly involved the evacuation of unstable and incompletely resuscitated patien...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usy371

    authors: Maddry JK,Ball EM,Cox DB,Flarity KM,Bebarta VS

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • Reason for referrals among military primary care physicians.

    abstract::In order to assess the reasons for high referral rates to secondary medical care services in the Israel Defence Force-Medical Corps, we conducted a study in which 28 physicians in five primary care clinics took part. Seven hundred thirty-seven patients were referred to specialists. The referral reasons were learned fr...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Zvieli S,Steinherz R

    更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00

  • Helping High School-Aged Military Dependents With Autism Gain Employment Through Project SEARCH + ASD Supports.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face high rates of unemployment, with unique challenges for military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD. This paper reports preliminary findings from Year One of a randomized waitlist controlled trial investigating the efficacy of the Project SEARCH + ASD Supp...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usz224

    authors: Whittenburg HN,Schall CM,Wehman P,McDonough J,DuBois T

    更新日期:2020-01-07 00:00:00

  • Crossover Assessment of Intraoral and Cuffed Ventilation by Emergency Responders.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:A cuffed bag valve mask (BVM) is the most common device used by emergency medical responders to ventilate patients. The BVM can be difficult for users to seal around the patient's mouth and nose. An intraoral mask (IOM) with snorkel-like design may facilitate quicker and better ventilation particularly under...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usy304

    authors: McCrory B,Lowndes BR,Thompson DL,Wadman MC,Sztajnkrycer MD,Walker R,Lomneth CS,Hallbeck MS

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • "Road Rash" and Dizziness: A Case of Hemodynamically Significant Topical Clonidine Toxicity.

    abstract::Clonidine is a central alpha-2 agonist well known to produce a syndrome of bradycardia and hypotension in overdose. However, few examples of overt clinical clonidine toxicity secondary to cutaneous absorption have been reported. We report a case of unintentional systemic clonidine toxicity in an adult because of a com...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usaa284

    authors: Downs JW,Cumpston KL

    更新日期:2020-10-02 00:00:00

  • Specialty Choices, Practice Characteristics, and Long-term Outcomes of Two Cohorts of USUHS Medical School Graduates Compared with National Data.

    abstract:Introduction:The education of health professionals and the assessment of their long-term goals are essential. Additionally, in the military health system (MHS), such programs also have the goals of improving readiness, providing high-quality care and meeting the needs and challenges of the MHS. The Uniformed Services U...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usy158

    authors: Torre D,Schreiber-Gregory D,Boulet JR,Cervero RM,Hemmer P,Pangaro LN,Durning SJ

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • "March fractures" on a female military recruit.

    abstract::Stress fractures are caused by repetitive low-impact activities. It is important to have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing and treating stress fractures early for remodeling to occur. This is a case report of a 19-year-old female military recruit with stress fractures of the right foot. The patient had an extend...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/milmed-d-10-00087

    authors: Duran-Stanton AM,Kirk KL

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment for Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in French Soldiers Deployed in Sub-Saharan Africa: Gaps Between Policy and Field Practice.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Malaria prevention and treatment are big challenges for the French forces deployed in sub-Saharan Africa. Since December 2013, 1,800 French soldiers have been deployed at any one time in the Central African Republic in the framework of "Operation Sangaris" and European Union Force (EUFOR). Over the 2014-2015...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usx117

    authors: Perisse A,Velut G,Javelle E,Loarer G,Michel R,Simon F

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Damage Control Resuscitation.

    abstract::Damage control resuscitation (DCR) is a strategy for resuscitating patients from hemorrhagic shock to rapidly restore homeostasis. Efforts are focused on blood product transfusion with whole blood or component therapy closely approximating whole blood, limited use of crystalloid to avoid dilutional coagulopathy, hypot...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usy112

    authors: Cap AP,Pidcoke HF,Spinella P,Strandenes G,Borgman MA,Schreiber M,Holcomb J,Tien HC,Beckett AN,Doughty H,Woolley T,Rappold J,Ward K,Reade M,Prat N,Ausset S,Kheirabadi B,Benov A,Griffin EP,Corley JB,Simon CD,Fahie

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of threshold amounts for reporting malpractice payments to the National Practitioner Data Bank: analysis using the closed claims data base of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs).

    abstract::The study determines the extent to which payment thresholds for reporting malpractice claims to the National Practitioner Data Bank identifies substandard health care delivery in the Department of Defense. Relevant data were available on 2,291 of 2,576 medical malpractice claims reported to the closed medical malpract...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Metter EJ,Granville RL,Kussman MJ

    更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00

  • Military free fall training injuries.

    abstract::Military free fall or HALO (high altitude-low opening) is a distinct form of tactical parachuting used by the elite forces of the U.S. military. This study was undertaken to examine the type, location, and mechanism of injuries sustained by the military HALO parachutist during training. A retrospective study identifie...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Glorioso JE Jr,Batts KB,Ward WS

    更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00

  • The quantitative analysis of depleted uranium isotopes in British, Canadian, and U.S. Gulf War veterans.

    abstract::The purpose of this work was to determine the concentration and ratio of uranium isotopes in allied forces Gulf War veterans. The 27 patients had their 24-hour urine samples analyzed for 234U, 235U, 236U, and 238U by mass spectrometry. The urine samples were evaporated and separated into isotopic dilution and concentr...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Horan P,Dietz L,Durakovic A

    更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of personal and occupational stress on injuries in a young, physically active population: a survey of military personnel.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to document risk factors for any injury and sports- and exercise-related injuries, including personal and occupational stress among active duty service members (SMs) in the Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, and Navy. A total of 10,692 SMs completed the April 2008 Status of Forces Survey of Activ...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00080

    authors: Bedno S,Hauret K,Loringer K,Kao TC,Mallon T,Jones B

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • Goodpasture's syndrome: a case of delayed appearance of autoantibodies and renal disease.

    abstract::Goodpasture's syndrome, or anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease, is a rare pulmonary-renal syndrome that results from autoantibody-mediated destruction of alveolar and glomerular basement membranes. It is defined by the triad of pulmonary hemorrhage (hemoptysis), glomerulonephritis (hematuria), and cir...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Lettieri C,Pina J

    更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00

  • Psychological assessment for security clearances, special access, and sensitive positions.

    abstract::This paper describes issues in the psychological assessment of individuals for security clearances, special duty, and sensitive positions. Using assessment for access to sensitive compartmented information as an example, the paper identifies, and explicates problems in criterion validity (the NEXUS issue), practical a...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Bloom RW

    更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00

  • "Ecstasy"-induced hepatitis in an active duty soldier.

    abstract::3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or "Ecstasy," is a drug commonly used at "rave" parties to heighten energy and intimacy. Although its complications have been well described in Europe, including less common side effects such as hepatic failure and rhabdomyolysis, physicians in the United States have less experience ...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hwang I,Daniels AM,Holtzmuller KC

    更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00

  • Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection among Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL (BUD/S) candidates, Coronado, California, July 2008.

    abstract::Community-acquired pneumonia can compromise readiness of recruits and service members operating in confined spaces. Often respiratory pathogens are implicated in outbreaks. In July 2008, 5 Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL students entering an intense period of training at Naval Amphibious Base Coronado reported with c...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/milmed-d-10-00370

    authors: Coon RG,Balansay MS,Faix DJ,Hawksworth AW,Patterson MB,Blair PJ

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Chemical-biological warfare: medical logistics and defense.

    abstract::In this article, the authors discuss some of the hard realities of chemical and biological warfare defense in terms of the medical and medical logistics implications. In the opinion of the authors, there are no adequate defensive measures at present which would protect troops and sailors from the effects of either che...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Hayes DP,Marrese M

    更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00

  • Joint civilian/national guard mass casualty exercise provides model for preparedness training.

    abstract::After-action reports on the 2005 hurricane relief efforts pointed to the need for effective and efficient civilian/military operational cooperation. Cited for particular attention was the interface with National Guard units. This article describes an exercise conducted with National Guard units and members of the Cent...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/milmed.172.8.806

    authors: Grant WD,Secreti L

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Positive and negative consequences of a military deployment.

    abstract::This study determined the perception by 951 U.S. Army soldiers of positive and negative consequences of a peacekeeping deployment to Bosnia. Seventy-seven percent reported some positive consequences, 63% reported a negative consequence, and 47% reported both. Written comments were also provided. Of the 951 soldiers, 4...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/milmed.170.10.815

    authors: Newby JH,McCarroll JE,Ursano RJ,Fan Z,Shigemura J,Tucker-Harris Y

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00

  • Marine recruit adherence in a skin and soft tissue infection prevention trial: implications for recruit research and public health application.

    abstract::A cluster-randomized trial evaluating the effectiveness of chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated wipes against skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was conducted among military recruits attending Officer Candidate School at Marine Corps Base Qua...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.7205/milmed-d-12-00145

    authors: Schlett CD,Grandits GA,Millar EV,Whitman TJ,Tribble DR

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Development of a Methodology for Simulating Complex Head Impacts With the Advanced Combat Helmet.

    abstract::Blunt impact assessment of the Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) is currently based on the linear head response. The current study presents a methodology for testing the ACH under complex loading that generates linear and rotational head motion. Experiments were performed on a guided, free-fall drop tower using an instrume...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usy282

    authors: Begonia M,Rooks T,Pintar FA,Yoganandan N

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • Case report: corpus cavernosum thrombosis occurring during a long-range aviation mission initially diagnosed as lymphoma.

    abstract::A 23-year-old active duty United States Air Force air crew male presented to the flight medicine clinic in Germany after experiencing sudden onset penile pain while flying as part of a long-range operational mission. He was admitted to the German hospital and empirically treated for infection with antibiotics, which d...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00506

    authors: Eovaldi B,Dunn DP

    更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00

  • Unnecessary mastectomy for gynecomastia in testicular cancer patient.

    abstract::A young man presented with a 4-month history of progressive, bilateral tender gynecomastia and underwent a bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy without regard for a possible occult testicular tumor. Following the mastectomy, metastatic testicular cancer was discovered; the patient had an overlooked scrotal mass and a ver...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Moul JW,Moellman JR

    更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00

  • Completion of a Veteran-Focused Civic Service Program Improves Health and Psychosocial Outcomes in Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans With a History of Traumatic Brain Injury.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Volunteering as a health promotion intervention is positively related to improved health and well-being in civilians and older adults. Yet, the impacts of participating in a community-based volunteering program on returning military veterans have not been studied, nor have the outcomes for veterans who hav...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00150

    authors: Lawrence KA,Matthieu MM,Robertson-Blackmore E

    更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • Input of a Multi-Disciplinary Meeting in the Treatment of Osteoarticular Infections in French War Casualties.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Extremity war-wounds present an elevated risk of infection and compromise reconstructive procedures. In a French military hospital, a multi-disciplinary meeting (MDM) was created to standardize the care given to soldiers with osteoarticular infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usy369

    authors: Grosset A,Mangin P,MacNab C,Pfister G,de l'Escalopier N,Cournac JM,Aletti M,Samson T,Rigal S,Mathieu L

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • Analysis of U.S. Pacific Command Area of Operations Military Medical Transportations of Adult Patients, 2008 to 2018.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:With more than 370,000 military and civilian personnel stationed across Pacific Command (PACOM), medical evacuation in this largest command presents unique challenges. The authors describe medical evacuations analyzed from the U.S. Air Force Transportation Command Regulating and Command & Control Evacuatio...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usaa289

    authors: Pawlukiewicz AJ,Bridwell RE,Carius BM,Schauer SG,Maddry JK,Davis WT

    更新日期:2020-11-21 00:00:00

  • Utility of Intraoperative Fluoroscopic Positioning of Total Hip Arthroplasty Components Using a Posterior and Direct Anterior Approach.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Positioning of implant components for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is important for polyethylene liner wear, prosthesis joint stability, and range of motion. The introduction of fluoroscopy for the direct anterior approach has been shown to improve physician accuracy for component positioning. Few studies ...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/milmed/usaa415

    authors: Belyea CM,Lansford JL,Yim DG

    更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00

  • Do residents benefit from participating in internal medicine interest groups? A study of resident perceptions from two institutions.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:For more than a decade, primary care residency training programs have struggled to attract graduates of U.S. medical schools. Internal medicine (IM) interest groups (IMIGs) have been widely instituted to foster student interest in careers in IM. Residents can participate in many IMIG activities. Studies have...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.7205/milmed.172.2.210

    authors: Durning SJ,Dorrance K,Denton D,Poremba J,Roy M

    更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00

  • Avian influenza: potential impact on sub-Saharan military populations with high rates of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

    abstract::Several sub-Saharan militaries have large percentages of troops with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. With the arrival of avian influenza in Africa, the potential exists that some of those soldiers might also become infected with H5N1, the virus responsible for the disease. Two po...

    journal_title:Military medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.7205/milmed.172.7.753

    authors: Feldman RL,Nickell K

    更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00