Abstract:
:A hallmark of CRISPR-Cas immunity systems is the CRISPR array, a genomic locus consisting of short, repeated sequences ('repeats') interspersed with short, variable sequences ('spacers'). CRISPR arrays are transcribed and processed into individual CRISPR RNAs that each include a single spacer, and direct Cas proteins to complementary sequences in invading nucleic acid. Most bacterial CRISPR array transcripts are unusually long for untranslated RNA, suggesting the existence of mechanisms to prevent premature transcription termination by Rho, a conserved bacterial transcription termination factor that rapidly terminates untranslated RNA. We show that Rho can prematurely terminate transcription of bacterial CRISPR arrays, and we identify a widespread antitermination mechanism that antagonizes Rho to facilitate complete transcription of CRISPR arrays. Thus, our data highlight the importance of transcription termination and antitermination in the evolution of bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems.
journal_name
Elifejournal_title
eLifeauthors
Stringer AM,Baniulyte G,Lasek-Nesselquist E,Seed KD,Wade JTdoi
10.7554/eLife.58182subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-30 00:00:00issn
2050-084Xpii
58182journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
eLife文献大全abstract::As part of the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology, we published a Registered Report (Blum et al., 2015), that described how we intended to replicate selected experiments from the paper 'Transcriptional amplification in tumor cells with elevated c-Myc' (Lin et al., 2012). Here we report the results. We found overe...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.30274
更新日期:2018-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the polycystin genes, PKD1 or PKD2, results in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD). Although a genetic basis of ADPKD is established, we lack a clear understanding of polycystin proteins' functions as ion channels. This question remains unsolved largely because polycystins localize to the...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.33183
更新日期:2018-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Despite their importance in sexual differentiation and reproduction, Y chromosome genes are rarely described because they reside in repeat-rich regions that are difficult to study. Here, we show that Guy1, a unique Y chromosome gene of a major urban malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi, confers 100% female lethality w...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.19281
更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Vertebrate embryonic patterning depends on signaling from Nodal, a TGFβ superfamily member. There are three Nodal orthologs in zebrafish; southpaw directs left-right asymmetries, while squint and cyclops function earlier to pattern mesendoderm. TGFβ member Vg1 is implicated in mesoderm formation but the role of the ze...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.28635
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Protein synthesis ends when a ribosome reaches an mRNA stop codon. Release factors (RFs) decode the stop codon, hydrolyze peptidyl-tRNA to release the nascent protein, and then dissociate to allow ribosome recycling. To visualize termination by RF2, we resolved a cryo-EM ensemble of E. coli 70S•RF2 structures at up to...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.46850
更新日期:2019-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Visual perception and imagery rely on similar representations in the visual cortex. During perception, visual activity is characterized by distinct processing stages, but the temporal dynamics underlying imagery remain unclear. Here, we investigated the dynamics of visual imagery in human participants using magnetoenc...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.33904
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Genome-wide association studies identified the BIN1 locus as a leading modulator of genetic risk in Alzheimer's disease (AD). One limitation in understanding BIN1's contribution to AD is its unknown function in the brain. AD-associated BIN1 variants are generally noncoding and likely change expression. Here, we determ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.57354
更新日期:2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::We collated contact tracing data from COVID-19 clusters in Singapore and Tianjin, China and estimated the extent of pre-symptomatic transmission by estimating incubation periods and serial intervals. The mean incubation periods accounting for intermediate cases were 4.91 days (95%CI 4.35, 5.69) and 7.54 (95%CI 6.76, 8...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.57149
更新日期:2020-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The neural control of transition between posture and movement encompasses the regulation of reflex-stabilizing mechanisms to enable motion. Optimal feedback theory suggests that such transitions require the disengagement of one motor control policy before the implementation of another. To test this possibility, we inv...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.36123
更新日期:2018-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic sequencing has implicated large numbers of genes and de novo mutations as potential disease risk factors. A high throughput in vivo model system is needed to validate gene associations with pathology. We developed a Drosophila-based functional system to screen candidate disease genes identified from Congenital...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22617
更新日期:2017-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::In eukaryotes, intra-chromosomal recombination generates DNA circles, but little is known about how cells react to them. In yeast, partitioning of such circles to the mother cell at mitosis ensures their loss from the population but promotes replicative ageing. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of partitioning are debated....
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.03790
更新日期:2014-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::The piriform cortex (PCx) receives direct input from the olfactory bulb (OB) and is the brain's main station for odor recognition and memory. The transformation of the odor code from OB to PCx is profound: mitral and tufted cells in olfactory glomeruli respond to individual odorant molecules, whereas pyramidal neurons...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.38446
更新日期:2018-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Hippo signalling integrates diverse stimuli related to epithelial architecture to regulate tissue growth and cell fate decisions. The Hippo kinase cascade represses the growth-promoting transcription co-activator Yorkie. The FERM protein Expanded is one of the main upstream Hippo signalling regulators in Drosophila as...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.46592
更新日期:2019-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) is a critical negative regulator of androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity, prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth, and androgen sensitivity. We have now uncovered that the AR directly interacts with CHK2 and ionizing radiation (IR) increases this int...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.51378
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of invasive bacterial neonatal infections. Late-onset diseases (LOD) occur between 7 and 89 days of life and are largely due to the CC17 GBS hypervirulent clone. We studied the impact of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), which impregnate the fetus during pregnancy, ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.48772
更新日期:2019-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial and temporal cues are required to specify neuronal diversity, but how these cues are integrated in neural progenitors remains unknown. Drosophila progenitors (neuroblasts) are a good model: they are individually identifiable with relevant spatial and temporal transcription factors known. Here we test whether s...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44036
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Ten countries have reported pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deletions since the first observation of pfhrp2-deleted parasites in 2012. In a previous study (Watson et al., 2017), we characterised the drivers selecting for pfhrp2/3 deletions and mapped the regions in Africa with the greatest selection pressure. In February 2018, the...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40339
更新日期:2019-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::The pressure for every research article to tell a clear story often leads researchers in the life sciences to exclude experiments that 'did not work' when they write up their results. However, this practice can lead to reporting bias if the decisions about which experiments to exclude are taken after data have been co...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.56626
更新日期:2020-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Early mouse development is accompanied by dynamic changes in chromatin modifications, including G9a-mediated histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2), which is essential for embryonic development. Here we show that genome-wide accumulation of H3K9me2 is crucial for postimplantation development, and coincides with r...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09571
更新日期:2015-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::The vertebral column or spine assembles around the notochord rod which contains a core made of large vacuolated cells. Each vacuolated cell possesses a single fluid-filled vacuole, and loss or fragmentation of these vacuoles in zebrafish leads to spine kinking. Here, we identified a mutation in the kinase gene dstyk tha...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.51221
更新日期:2020-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Struggling to get her research project up and running in a new country, a mother gets inspiration from her young daughter. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59587
更新日期:2020-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::A mathematical model shows how the shape of early multicellular organisms may have helped cells evolve specialized roles. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63328
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::The contribution of insular cortex to speech production remains unclear and controversial given diverse findings from functional neuroimaging and lesional data. To create a precise spatiotemporal map of insular activity, we performed a series of experiments: single-word articulations of varying complexity, non-speech ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.53086
更新日期:2019-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Recent epidemiological and laboratory-based studies suggest that the anti-diabetic drug metformin prevents cancer progression. How metformin diminishes tumor growth is not fully understood. In this study, we report that in human cancer cells, metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) activity and...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.02242
更新日期:2014-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::High-altitude environments require that animals meet the metabolic O2 demands for locomotion and thermogenesis in O2-thin air, but the degree to which convergent metabolic changes have arisen across independent high-altitude lineages or the speed at which such changes arise is unclear. We examined seven high-altitude ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.56259
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Context-dependent memories may guide adaptive behavior relaying in previous experience while updating stored information through reconsolidation. Retrieval can be triggered by partial and shared cues. When the cue is presented, the most relevant memory should be updated. In a contextual version of the object recogniti...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.33746
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::The incubation period for typhoid, polio, measles, leukemia and many other diseases follows a right-skewed, approximately lognormal distribution. Although this pattern was discovered more than sixty years ago, it remains an open question to explain its ubiquity. Here, we propose an explanation based on evolutionary dy...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.30212
更新日期:2017-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve tissue contains a high density of chemical synapses, about 1 per µm3 in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Thus, even for small blocks of nerve tissue, dense connectomic mapping requires the identification of millions to billions of synapses. While the focus of connectomic data analysis has been on neurite reconstru...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.26414
更新日期:2017-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Over 80% of multiple-tested siRNAs and shRNAs targeting CD95 or CD95 ligand (CD95L) induce a form of cell death characterized by simultaneous activation of multiple cell death pathways preferentially killing transformed and cancer stem cells. We now show these si/shRNAs kill cancer cells through canonical RNAi by targ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.29702
更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::In hypoxic stress conditions, glycolysis enzymes assemble into singular cytoplasmic granules called glycolytic (G) bodies. G body formation in yeast correlates with increased glucose consumption and cell survival. However, the physical properties and organizing principles that define G body formation are unclear. We d...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.48480
更新日期:2020-04-16 00:00:00