Super-spreading events initiated the exponential growth phase of COVID-19 with ℛ0 higher than initially estimated.

abstract：:This paper presents simplified finite-element analysis procedures based on geometrical nonlinearity and ductile Mohr-Coulomb-Davis plasticity for analysis of bending behaviour of steel pipes subjected to lateral soil loading. A simple, and easy to implement, user-defined subroutine to represent soil stiffness using th...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Almahakeri M,Moore ID,Fam A

更新日期：2019-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Bears produce the most altricial neonates of any placental mammal. We hypothesized that the transition from colostrum to mature milk in bears reflects a temporal and biochemical adaptation for altricial development and immune protection. Comparison of bear milks with milks of other eutherians yielded distinctive prote...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Griffiths K,Hou R,Wang H,Zhang Z,Zhang L,Zhang T,Watson DG,Burchmore RJ,Loeffler IK,Kennedy MW

更新日期：2015-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:MCM-41 was prepared through the sol-gel method and encapsulated by polydopamine (PDA) before being coordinated with metal ions to form a highly efficient sustained release system (M-PDA-MCM-41) for triazolone delivery. The characterization results confirmed the existence of the coordination bond between the PDA layer ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Chen H,Huang G,Zhou H,Zhou X,Xu H

更新日期：2018-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Waptia fieldensis Walcott, 1912 is one of the iconic animals from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale biota that had lacked a formal description since its discovery at the beginning of the twentieth century. This study, based on over 1800 specimens, finds that W. fieldensis shares general characteristics with pancrustac...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Vannier J,Aria C,Taylor RS,Caron JB

更新日期：2018-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180687.]. ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Dvurecenska K,Graham S,Patelli E,Patterson EA

更新日期：2019-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan disease; it mainly originates from the bite of sandfly and initiated when parasite is transmitted to human at metacyclic flagellated promastigote form. In the current study, a synthesis of a series of 4-substituted benzophenone ethers 1-20 was carried out in good yields and th...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Arshia.,Ahad F,Ghouri N,Kanwal.,Khan KM,Perveen S,Choudhary MI

更新日期：2018-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:When mothers continue to support their offspring beyond infancy, they can influence the fitness of those offspring, the strength of social relationships within their groups, and the life-history traits of their species. Using up to 30 years of demographic data from 58 groups of gorillas in two study sites, this study ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Robbins AM,Gray M,Breuer T,Manguette M,Stokes EJ,Uwingeli P,Mburanumwe I,Kagoda E,Robbins MM

更新日期：2016-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Patient-specific modelling of haemodynamics in arterial networks has so far relied on parameter estimation for inexpensive or small-scale models. We describe here a Bayesian uncertainty quantification framework which makes two major advances: an efficient parallel implementation, allowing parameter estimation for more...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Larson K,Bowman C,Papadimitriou C,Koumoutsakos P,Matzavinos A

更新日期：2019-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a severe complication of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. There is a growing understanding of cGVHD, and several effective therapies for cGVHD have been reported. However, pancreatic cGVHD is a potentially untapped study field. Our thought-provoking stud...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Mukai S,Ogawa Y,Urano F,Kawakami Y,Tsubota K

更新日期：2018-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Current demographic trends in the UK include a fast-growing elderly population and dropping birth rates, and demand for social care among the aged is rising. The UK depends on informal social care-family members or friends providing care-for some 50% of care provision. However, lower birth rates and a greying populati...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Gostoli U,Silverman E

更新日期：2019-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Declines in pollinator abundance and diversity are not only a conservation issue, but also a threat to crop pollination. Maintained infrastructure corridors, such as those containing electricity transmission lines, are potentially important wild pollinator habitat. However, there is a lack of evidence comparing the ab...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Hill B,Bartomeus I

更新日期：2016-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The past 5 years have witnessed claims that infants as young as six months of age understand the meaning of several words. To reach this conclusion, researchers presented infants with pairs of pictures from distinct semantic domains and observed longer looks at an object upon hearing its name as compared with the name...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Kartushina N,Mayor J

更新日期：2019-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent decades, the world has experienced rates of urban growth unparalleled in any other period of history and this growth is shaping the environment in which an increasing proportion of us live. In this paper, we use a longitudinal dataset from Foursquare, a location-based social network, to analyse urban growth ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Daggitt ML,Noulas A,Shaw B,Mascolo C

更新日期：2016-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:By 2040, roughly two-thirds of humanity are expected to live in urban areas. As cities expand, humans irreversibly transform natural ecosystems, creating both opportunities and challenges for wildlife. Here, we investigate how the Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) is adjusting to urban environments. We measured a ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Merling de Chapa M,Courtiol A,Engler M,Giese L,Rutz C,Lakermann M,Müskens G,van der Horst Y,Zollinger R,Wirth H,Kenntner N,Krüger O,Chakarov N,Müller AK,Looft V,Grünkorn T,Hallau A,Altenkamp R,Krone O

更新日期：2020-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing evidence that whale and dolphin watching activities have detrimental effects on targeted cetacean populations. In Egypt, spinner dolphins regularly occur in the resting areas of Samadai, Satayah and Qubbat'Isa reefs. In-water human interactions with dolphins are regulated with a time-area closure s...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Fumagalli M,Cesario A,Costa M,Harraway J,Notarbartolo di Sciara G,Slooten E

更新日期：2018-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Strategic microhabitat selection allows animals in seasonally cold environments to reduce homeostatic energy costs, particularly overnight when thermoregulatory demands are greatest. Suitable sleeping areas may therefore represent important resources for winter survival. Knowledge of microhabitat use and potential imp...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Campbell LAD,Tkaczynski PJ,Mouna M,Derrou A,Oukannou L,Majolo B,van Lavieren E

更新日期：2018-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The shapes of vertebrate teeth are often used as hallmarks of diet. Here, however, we demonstrate evidence of frequent piscivory by cartilaginous fishes with pebble-like teeth that are typically associated with durophagy, the eating of hard-shelled prey. High-resolution micro-computed tomography observation of a jaw s...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Dean MN,Bizzarro JJ,Clark B,Underwood CJ,Johanson Z

更新日期：2017-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Food quality control is a mandatory task in the food industry and relies on the availability of simple, cost-effective and stable sensing platforms. In the present work, the applicability of bare glassy carbon electrodes for routine analysis of food samples was evaluated as a valid alternative to chromatographic techn...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Redivo L,Stredanský M,De Angelis E,Navarini L,Resmini M,Švorc Ĺ

更新日期：2018-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The great amount of solid particles contained in a weighting agent is a major cause of the problems in both rheology properties and damage control mechanism of an oil-based drilling fluid (OBM). Therefore, a proper type of weighting agent can be a solution for the application of OBM. In this study, three weighting age...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Xu P,Xu M,Tao Z,Wang Z,Huang T

更新日期：2018-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Online evolution of behavioural control on real robots is an open-ended approach to autonomous learning and adaptation: robots have the potential to automatically learn new tasks and to adapt to changes in environmental conditions, or to failures in sensors and/or actuators. However, studies have so far almost exclusi...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Silva F,Correia L,Christensen AL

更新日期：2017-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans commonly engage in a variety of search behaviours, for example when looking for an object, a partner, information or a solution to a complex problem. The success or failure of a search strategy crucially depends on the structure of the environment and the constraints it imposes on the individuals. Here, we focu...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Yahosseini KS,Moussaïd M

更新日期：2019-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The exceptional reactivity of animal collectives to predatory attacks is thought to be owing to rapid, but local, transfer of information between group members. These groups turn together in unison and produce escape waves. However, it is not clear how escape waves are created from local interactions, nor is it unders...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Herbert-Read JE,Buhl J,Hu F,Ward AJ,Sumpter DJ

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191444.]. ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Ahmed F,Awada C,Ansari SA,Aljaafari A,Alshoaibi A

更新日期：2020-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Social information use is common in a wide range of group-living animals, notably in humans. The role it plays in decision-making could be a key to understanding how social groups make collective decisions. The observation of road-crossing behaviours in the presence of other individuals is an ideal means to study the ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Pelé M,Bellut C,Debergue E,Gauvin C,Jeanneret A,Leclere T,Nicolas L,Pontier F,Zausa D,Sueur C

更新日期：2017-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a study of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films hydrothermally grown on a dome-shaped titanium diaphragm. Few articles in the literature address the implementation of hydrothermal PZT films on curved-diaphragm substrates for resonators. In this study, a 50-μm-thick titanium sheet is embossed using b...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Feng GH,Lee KY

更新日期：2017-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Answer selection is one of the key steps in many question answering (QA) applications. In this paper, a new deep model with two kinds of attention is proposed for answer selection: the double attention recurrent convolution neural network (DARCNN). Double attention means self-attention and cross-attention. The design ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Bao G,Wei Y,Sun X,Zhang H

更新日期：2020-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, plays an important role in microbial biogeography. The distance-decay relationship is thought to be weak in habitats where dispersal is high, such as in the pelagic environment, where ocean currents facilitate microbial dispersal. Most studies of microbial commun...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Djurhuus A,Boersch-Supan PH,Mikalsen SO,Rogers AD

更新日期：2017-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dinosaur skeletal remains are almost unknown from northern South America. One of the few exceptions comes from a small outcrop in the northernmost extension of the Andes, along the western border of Venezuela, where strata of the La Quinta Formation have yielded the ornithischian Laquintasaura venezuelae and other din...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Langer MC,Rincón AD,Ramezani J,Solórzano A,Rauhut OW

更新日期：2014-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:This multi-wave study examined the extent that both preference and motivation for time alone shapes ill-being during self-isolation. Individuals in the USA and the UK are self-isolating in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Different motivations may drive their self-isolation: some might see value in it (understood as...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Weinstein N,Nguyen TV

更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:This article studies correlated two-person games constructed from games with independent players as proposed in Iqbal et al. (2016 R. Soc. open sci.3, 150477. (doi:10.1098/rsos.150477)). The games are played in a collective manner, both in a two-dimensional lattice where the players interact with their neighbours, and...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Alonso-Sanz R

更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00