Rare earth elements in umbilical cord and risk for orofacial clefts.

Abstract:

:Questions remain about the effects of rare earth elements (REEs) on reproductive health, and no study has explored in utero exposure to REEs and risk of orofacial clefts (OFCs). We recruited subjects from a case-control study conducted in Shanxi Province, China. Concentrations of fifteen REEs were quantified in umbilical cord samples by means of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry measurements. We employed logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to estimate the association between REEs exposures and OFCs. Of 226 subjects included in our study, 34 were cleft lip only, 44 were cleft lip with cleft palate and 6 were cleft palate only. In the logistic regression model, concentrations above the median of all subjects were associated with an increased OFCs risk of 2.35-fold (95% CI: 1.22, 4.53) for Lanthanum and 2.12-fold for Neodymium (95% CI: 1.10, 4.10) adjusting for maternal age, BMI, gestational weeks, sex of infants and passive smoking. In WQS model, a quartile increase in the index resulting in an increase of 3.10 (95% CI: 1.38, 6.96) in the odds of OFC. Lanthanum and Neodymium were suggested to be important factors. The results were largely consistent for OFC subtypes. In conclusion, in utero exposure to mixtures of REEs increased the risk of OFCs. Lanthanum and Neodymium were likely to be important factors in the development of OFCs.

journal_name

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

authors

Liu L,Wang L,Ni W,Pan Y,Chen Y,Xie Q,Liu Y,Ren A

doi

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111284

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2021-01-01 00:00:00

pages

111284

eissn

0147-6513

issn

1090-2414

pii

S0147-6513(20)31122-2

journal_volume

207

pub_type

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