Abstract:
:During mitosis chromosomes reorganise into highly compact, rod-shaped forms, thought to consist of consecutive chromatin loops around a central protein scaffold. Condensin complexes are involved in chromatin compaction, but the contribution of other chromatin proteins, DNA sequence and histone modifications is less understood. A large region of fission yeast DNA inserted into a mouse chromosome was previously observed to adopt a mitotic organisation distinct from that of surrounding mouse DNA. Here, we show that a similar distinct structure is common to a large subset of insertion events in both mouse and human cells and is coincident with the presence of high levels of heterochromatic H3 lysine nine trimethylation (H3K9me3). Hi-C and microscopy indicate that the heterochromatinised fission yeast DNA is organised into smaller chromatin loops than flanking euchromatic mouse chromatin. We conclude that heterochromatin alters chromatin loop size, thus contributing to the distinct appearance of heterochromatin on mitotic chromosomes.
journal_name
Elifejournal_title
eLifeauthors
Fitz-James MH,Tong P,Pidoux AL,Ozadam H,Yang L,White SA,Dekker J,Allshire RCdoi
10.7554/eLife.57212subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-11 00:00:00issn
2050-084Xpii
57212journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
eLife文献大全abstract::The production of action sequences is a fundamental aspect of motor skills. To examine whether primary motor cortex (M1) is involved in maintenance of sequential movements, we trained two monkeys (Cebus apella) to perform two sequential reaching tasks. In one task, sequential movements were instructed by visual cues, ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.53038
更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Sudden changes in the level of a coenzyme called NADPH might be the underlying cause of aging in cells. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.00515
更新日期:2013-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane-bound transcription factor ATF6α plays a cytoprotective role in the unfolded protein response (UPR), required for cells to survive ER stress. Activation of ATF6α promotes cell survival in cancer models. We used cell-based screens to discover and develop Ceapins, a class of pyrazole amides, that block ATF6...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11878
更新日期:2016-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Drosophila melanogaster males perform a series of courtship behaviors that, when successful, result in copulation with a female. For over a century, mutations in the yellow gene, named for its effects on pigmentation, have been known to reduce male mating success. Prior work has suggested that yellow influences mating...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.49388
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A heat exchange mechanism in the head of kissing bugs helps to prevent stress and regulate their temperature while they feed on warm blood. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.33035
更新日期:2017-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding temporal dynamics of COVID-19 symptoms could provide fine-grained resolution to guide clinical decision-making. Here, we use deep neural networks over an institution-wide platform for the augmented curation of clinical notes from 77,167 patients subjected to COVID-19 PCR testing. By contrasting Electroni...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58227
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Centrioles are microtubule-based organelles crucial for cell division, sensing and motility. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the onset of centriole formation requires notably the proteins SAS-5 and SAS-6, which have functional equivalents across eukaryotic evolution. Whereas the molecular architecture of SAS-6 and its role...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07410
更新日期:2015-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic positions underlie precise circuit connectivity. Synaptic positions can be established during embryogenesis and sustained during growth. The mechanisms that sustain synaptic specificity during allometric growth are largely unknown. We performed forward genetic screens in C. elegans for regulators of this proc...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.55890
更新日期:2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::During development, neurons form synapses with their fate-determined targets. While we begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which extracellular ligand-receptor interactions enhance synapse specificity by inhibiting synaptogenesis, our knowledge about their intracellular mechanisms remains limited. Here we show that Ra...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.38801
更新日期:2018-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Junín virus (JUNV) is one of five New World mammarenaviruses (NWMs) that causes fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans and is the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF). The pathogenesis underlying AHF is poorly understood; however, a prolonged, elevated interferon-α (IFN-α) response is associated with a ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.55352
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::We report the crystal structure of nuclear import receptor Importin-9 bound to its cargo, the histones H2A-H2B. Importin-9 wraps around the core, globular region of H2A-H2B to form an extensive interface. The nature of this interface coupled with quantitative analysis of deletion mutants of H2A-H2B suggests that the N...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.43630
更新日期:2019-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic sequencing has implicated large numbers of genes and de novo mutations as potential disease risk factors. A high throughput in vivo model system is needed to validate gene associations with pathology. We developed a Drosophila-based functional system to screen candidate disease genes identified from Congenital...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22617
更新日期:2017-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Cytoplasmic dyneins are motor proteins in the AAA+ superfamily that transport cellular cargos toward microtubule minus-ends. Recently, ciliobrevins were reported as selective cell-permeable inhibitors of cytoplasmic dyneins. As is often true for first-in-class inhibitors, the use of ciliobrevins has in part been limit...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25174
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::The phylogenetic placement of the morphologically simple placozoans is crucial to understanding the evolution of complex animal traits. Here, we examine the influence of adding new genomes from placozoans to a large dataset designed to study the deepest splits in the animal phylogeny. Using site-heterogeneous substitu...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.36278
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy complications are poorly represented in the archeological record, despite their importance in contemporary and ancient societies. While excavating a Byzantine cemetery in Troy, we discovered calcified abscesses among a woman's remains. Scanning electron microscopy of the tissue revealed 'ghost cells', result...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.20983
更新日期:2017-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer prevention is predicted to result in more positive therapeutic outcomes than post-diagnostic interventions, and so may be a viable option for future personalized medicine. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09713
更新日期:2015-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Whether somatic mutations contribute functional diversity to brain cells is a long-standing question. Single-neuron genomics enables direct measurement of somatic mutation rates in human brain and promises to answer this question. A recent study (Upton et al., 2015) reported high rates of somatic LINE-1 element (L1) r...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12966
更新日期:2016-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Contrary to dogma, evolutionarily young and dynamic genes can encode essential functions. We find that evolutionarily dynamic ZAD-ZNF genes, which encode the most abundant class of insect transcription factors, are more likely to encode essential functions in Drosophila melanogaster than ancient, conserved ZAD-ZNF gen...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63368
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pervasive expression of circular RNA is a recently discovered feature of eukaryotic gene expression programs, yet its function remains largely unknown. The presumed biogenesis of these RNAs involves a non-canonical 'backsplicing' event. Recent studies in mammalian cell culture posit that backsplicing is facilitated by...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07540
更新日期:2015-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::We previously showed in Drosophila melanogaster embryos that low-affinity Ultrabithorax (Ubx)-responsive shavenbaby (svb) enhancers drive expression using localized transcriptional environments and that active svb enhancers on different chromosomes tended to colocalize (Tsai et al., 2017). Here, we test the hypothesis...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.45325
更新日期:2019-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Strong kinetochore-microtubule attachments are essential for faithful segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. The Dam1 and Ndc80 complexes are the main microtubule binding components of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochore. Cooperation between these two complexes enhances kinetochore-microtubule coupling ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.21069
更新日期:2017-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Protein synthesis ends when a ribosome reaches an mRNA stop codon. Release factors (RFs) decode the stop codon, hydrolyze peptidyl-tRNA to release the nascent protein, and then dissociate to allow ribosome recycling. To visualize termination by RF2, we resolved a cryo-EM ensemble of E. coli 70S•RF2 structures at up to...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.46850
更新日期:2019-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent illness that can be precipitated by acute or chronic stress. Studies of patients with Wolfram syndrome and carriers have identified Wfs1 mutations as causative for MDD. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is known to be involved in depression and behavioral resilience, al...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08752
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetric disassembly of the synaptonemal complex (SC) is crucial for proper meiotic chromosome segregation. However, the signaling mechanisms that directly regulate this process are poorly understood. Here we show that the mammalian Rho GEF homolog, ECT-2, functions through the conserved RAS/ERK MAP kinase signaling...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12039
更新日期:2016-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Certain neuron types fire spontaneously at high rates, an ability that is crucial for their function in brain circuits. The spontaneously active GABAergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), a major output of the basal ganglia, provide tonic inhibition of downstream brain areas. A depolarizing 'leak...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.15271
更新日期:2016-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::The design of synthetic optogenetic tools that allow precise spatiotemporal control of biological processes previously inaccessible to optogenetic control has developed rapidly over the last years. Rational design of such tools requires detailed knowledge of allosteric light signaling in natural photoreceptors. To und...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11860
更新日期:2016-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of polarity correlates with progression of epithelial cancers, but how plasma membrane misorganization drives oncogenic transcriptional events remains unclear. The polarity regulators of the Drosophila Scribble (Scrib) module are potent tumor suppressors and provide a model for mechanistic investigation. RNA prof...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.03189
更新日期:2015-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Convenient, efficient and fast whole-brain delivery of transgenes presents a persistent experimental challenge in neuroscience. Recent advances demonstrate whole-brain gene delivery by retro-orbital injection of virus, but slow and sparse expression and the large injection volumes required make this approach cumbersom...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.53639
更新日期:2020-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Drug treatment of 3D cancer spheroids more accurately reflects in vivo therapeutic responses compared to adherent culture studies. In EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, EGFR-TKIs show enhanced efficacy in spheroid cultures. Simultaneous inhibition of multiple parallel RTKs further enhances EGFR-TKI effectiveness. We sh...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58204
更新日期:2020-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosomes are universally important in biology and their production is dysregulated by developmental disorders, cancer, and virus infection. Although presumed required for protein synthesis, how ribosome biogenesis impacts virus reproduction and cell-intrinsic immune responses remains untested. Surprisingly, we find t...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.49551
更新日期:2019-12-16 00:00:00