Reducing Carbohydrate from Individual Sources Has Differential Effects on Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Moderate Low-Carbohydrate Diets.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:We evaluated decreases in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) achieved by reducing carbohydrate from various sources in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS:We followed up 138 male and 107 female outpatients on a moderate low-carbohydrate diet without diabetic medication for 6 months. Changes in carbohydrate sources (Δcarbohydrate) were assessed from 3-day dietary records at baseline and 6 months, and associations with changes in HbA1c (ΔHbA1c) were examined with Spearman's correlation coefficients (rs) and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS:ΔHbA1c was -1.5%±1.6% in men and -0.9%±1.3% in women, while Δtotal carbohydrate was -115.3±103.7 g/day in men and -63.6±71.1 g/day in women. Positive associations with ΔHbA1c were found for Δtotal carbohydrate (r s=0.584), Δcarbohydrate from soft drinks (0.368), confectionery (0.361), rice (0.325), bread (0.221), Chinese soup noodles (0.199) in men, and Δtotal carbohydrate (0.547) and Δcarbohydrate from rice (0.376) and confectionery (0.195) in women. Reducing carbohydrate sources by 50 g achieved decreases in HbA1c of 0.43% for total carbohydrate, 1.33% for soft drinks, 0.88% for confectionery, 0.63% for bread, 0.82% for Chinese soup noodles and 0.34% for rice in men and 0.45% for total carbohydrate, 0.67% for confectionery and 0.34% for rice in women, although mean reductions in carbohydrate from these sources were much smaller than that from rice. CONCLUSION:Decreases in HbA1c achieved by reducing carbohydrate from soft drinks, confectionery, bread and Chinese soup noodles were 2- to 4-fold greater than that for rice. Our results will enable patients to decrease HbA1c efficiently (UMIN000009866).

journal_name

Diabetes Metab J

authors

Haimoto H,Watanabe S,Maeda K,Murase T,Wakai K

doi

10.4093/dmj.2020.0033

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-07-21 00:00:00

eissn

2233-6079

issn

2233-6087

pii

44.e41

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Emerging Burden in Cardiometabolic and Renal Diseases.

    abstract::As the number of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased, the influence of NAFLD on other metabolic diseases has been highlighted. Accumulating epidemiologic evidence indicates that NAFLD not only affects the liver but also increases the risk of extra-hepatic diseases such as type 2 di...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.6.430

    authors: Han E,Lee YH

    更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00

  • Status of Diabetic Neuropathy in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort Analysis (2006 to 2015).

    abstract::This report presents the status of diabetic neuropathy (DN) in Korea as determined using a National Health Insurance ServiceNational Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC). Annual prevalences of DN were estimated by age and gender using descriptive statistics. Pharmacological treatments for DN were also analyzed. The annual prevale...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2020.0120

    authors: Moon SS,Kim CH,Kang SM,Kim ES,Oh TJ,Yun JS,Cho HC,Kim DJ,Park TS

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Risk Factors for the Development and Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Advanced Diabetic Retinopathy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) do not develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD) despite the presence of advanced diabetic retinopathy (DR). We aimed to investigate the presence of DKD and its risk factors in patients with T2DM and advanced DR. METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study in ...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2016.40.6.473

    authors: Yun KJ,Kim HJ,Kim MK,Kwon HS,Baek KH,Roh YJ,Song KH

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Subjective Assessment of Diabetes Self-Care Correlates with Perceived Glycemic Control but not with Actual Glycemic Control.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:We investigated whether patients' perceived glycemic control and self-reported diabetes self-care correlated with their actual glycemic control. METHODS:A survey was administered among patients with diabetes mellitus at an outpatient clinic with structured self-report questionnaires regarding perceived glyc...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.1.31

    authors: Ohn JH,Lee JH,Hong ES,Koo BK,Kim SW,Yi KH,Moon MK

    更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00

  • Dietary oleate has beneficial effects on every step of non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease progression in a methionine- and choline-deficient diet-fed animal model.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanisms of disease progression remain poorly understood, and primary therapy of NAFLD is not yet established. We investigated the effects of dietary oleate on the ...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.489

    authors: Lee JY,Moon JH,Park JS,Lee BW,Kang ES,Ahn CW,Lee HC,Cha BS

    更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00

  • Role of CRTC2 in Metabolic Homeostasis: Key Regulator of Whole-Body Energy Metabolism?

    abstract::Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling is critical for regulating metabolic homeostasis in mammals. In particular, transcriptional regulation by cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and its coactivator, CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC), is essential for controlling the expression of cri...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2019.0200

    authors: Han HS,Kwon Y,Koo SH

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Factor structure of indices of the second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram with metabolic components and other cardiovascular risk indicators.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) is an indicator of arterial stiffness. The present study was conducted to clarify the factor structure of indices of the SDPTG in combination with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), to elucidate the significance of the SDPTG among vario...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2013.37.1.40

    authors: Kawada T,Otsuka T

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • An In Vitro Model to Probe the Regulation of Adipocyte Differentiation under Hyperglycemia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was an in vitro investigation of the effect of high glucose concentration on adipogenesis, as prolonged hyperglycemia alters adipocyte differentiation. METHODS:3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiated in the presence of varying concentrations of glucose (25, 45, 65, 85, and 105 mM) were ass...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2013.37.3.176

    authors: Shilpa K,Dinesh T,Lakshmi BS

    更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • The Relationship between Thyroid Function and Different Obesity Phenotypes in Korean Euthyroid Adults.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Thyroid disease and metabolic syndrome are both associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between thyroid hormones and obesity sub-phenotypes using nationwide data from Korea, a country known to be iodine replete. METHODS:This study was based on data ob...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2018.0130

    authors: Kim JM,Kim BH,Lee H,Kim EH,Kim M,Kim JH,Jeon YK,Kim SS,Kim IJ,Kim YK

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00

  • Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of End-Stage Kidney Disease in South Korea.

    abstract::Knowledge of the epidemiologic characteristics of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients is essential. The trends in the prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates of ESKD were analyzed retrospectively using the Korean National Health Insurance ServiceNational Sample Cohort database between 2006 and 2015. From 2006 ...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2020.0156

    authors: Lee MJ,Ha KH,Kim DJ,Park I

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Effect on Glycemic, Blood Pressure, and Lipid Control according to Education Types.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetes self-management education and reinforcement are important for effective management of the disease. We investigated the effectiveness of interactive small-group education on glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid levels. METHODS:For this study, 207 type 2 diabetes patients with suboptimal glycemic cont...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2011.35.6.580

    authors: Choi MJ,Yoo SH,Kim KR,Bae YM,Ahn SH,Kim SS,Min SA,Choi JS,Lee SE,Moon YJ,Rhee EJ,Park CY,Lee WY,Oh KW,Park SW,Kim SW

    更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • Retrospective analysis on the efficacy, safety and treatment failure group of sitagliptin for mean 10-month duration.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:To investigate the clinical results of sitagliptin (SITA) and the characteristics of the treatment failure group or of low responders to SITA. METHODS:A retrospective study of type 2 diabetic patients reviewed 99 cases, including 12 treatment failure cases, who stopped SITA because of worsening patients' co...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2011.35.3.290

    authors: Kim WJ,Park CY,Jeong EH,Seo JY,Seol JS,Park SE,Rhee EJ,Lee WY,Oh KW,Park SW,Kim SW

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • The Level of Autoantibodies Targeting Eukaryote Translation Elongation Factor 1 α1 and Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme 2L3 in Nondiabetic Young Adults.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of novel type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) antibodies targeting eukaryote translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 autoantibody (EEF1A1-AAb) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2L3 autoantibody (UBE2L3-AAb) has been shown to be negatively correlated with age in T1DM subjects. Therefore, we aimed to ...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2016.40.2.154

    authors: Kim EG,Kwak SH,Hwang D,Yi EC,Park KS,Koo BK,Kim KM

    更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00

  • Addition of Ipragliflozin to Metformin Treatment in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Subgroup Analysis of a Phase 3 Trial.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This is a subgroup analysis of Korean patients from a phase 3 clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ipragliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with metformin. METHODS:This multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study was carried o...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.2.135

    authors: Min KW,Ku BJ,Lee JH,Kim MS,Ahn KJ,Lee MK,Kokubo S,Yoshida S,Cho HJ,Cha BS

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • My Sweetheart Is Broken: Role of Glucose in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

    abstract::Despite overall reductions in heart disease prevalence, the risk of developing heart failure has remained 2-fold greater among people with diabetes. Growing evidence has supported that fluctuations in glucose level and uptake contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) by modifying proteins, DNA, and gene expression. I...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.1

    authors: Brahma MK,Pepin ME,Wende AR

    更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00

  • Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.

    abstract::Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in adults and children worldwide. NAFLD has become a severe health issue and it can progress towards a more severe form of the disease, the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A combination of environmental factors, h...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.1

    authors: Povero D,Feldstein AE

    更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00

  • Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Review on Clinical Implications and Management.

    abstract::Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a less intensive autoimmune process and a broad clinical phenotype compared to classical type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), sharing features with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T1DM. Since patients affected by LADA are init...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2018.0190

    authors: Pieralice S,Pozzilli P

    更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00

  • The Preventive Effects of 8 Weeks of Resistance Training on Glucose Tolerance and Muscle Fiber Type Composition in Zucker Rats.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:We investigated the therapeutic effects of resistance training on Zucker rats before and after the onset of diabetes to understand the importance of the timing of exercise intervention. We assessed whether 8 weeks of resistance training ameliorated impaired glucose tolerance and altered muscle fiber type com...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.5.424

    authors: Kim JY,Choi MJ,So B,Kim HJ,Seong JK,Song W

    更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00

  • Differences in Clinical Outcomes between Patients with and without Hypoglycemia during Hospitalization: A Retrospective Study Using Real-World Evidence.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Some patients admitted to hospitals for glycemic control experience hypoglycemia despite regular meals and despite adhering to standard blood glucose control protocols. Different factors can have a negative impact on blood glucose control and prognosis after discharge. This study investigated risk factors fo...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2019.0064

    authors: Lee J,Kim TM,Kim H,Lee SH,Cho JH,Lee H,Yim HW,Yoon KH,Kim HS

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Glucose Effectiveness from Short Insulin-Modified IVGTT and Its Application to the Study of Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to design a simple surrogate marker (i.e., predictor) of the minimal model glucose effectiveness (SG), namely calculated SG (CSG), from a short insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IM-IVGTT), and then to apply it to study women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGD...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2019.0016

    authors: Morettini M,Castriota C,Göbl C,Kautzky-Willer A,Pacini G,Burattini L,Tura A

    更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00

  • FGF21 as a Stress Hormone: The Roles of FGF21 in Stress Adaptation and the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases.

    abstract::Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine hormone that is primarily expressed in the liver and exerts beneficial effects on obesity and related metabolic diseases. In addition to its remarkable pharmacologic actions, the physiological roles of FGF21 include the maintenance of energy homeostasis in the body i...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2014.38.4.245

    authors: Kim KH,Lee MS

    更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00

  • Statin Discontinuation after Achieving a Target Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level in Type 2 Diabetic Patients without Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Controlled Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This study investigated the rate of relapse of dyslipidemia and the factors which could predict relapse following a short-term statin discontinuation after achieving a target low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in type 2 diabetic patients without cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS:Ninety-ni...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2014.38.1.64

    authors: Lee SH,Kwon HS,Park YM,Ko SH,Choi YH,Yoon KH,Ahn YB

    更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00

  • A systematic review of oxidative stress and safety of antioxidants in diabetes: focus on islets and their defense.

    abstract::A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic complications, especially β-cell dysfunction and failure. Under physiological conditions, reactive oxygen species serve as second messengers that facilitate signal transduction and gene expression in pan...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2013.37.2.106

    authors: Karunakaran U,Park KG

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • Hypoglycemia and Dementia Risk in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis of a Population-Based Cohort Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk for dementia. The effects of hypoglycemia on dementia are controversial. Thus, we evaluated whether hypoglycemia increases the risk for dementia in senior patients with T2DM. METHODS:We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service Sen...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2018.0260

    authors: Kim YG,Park DG,Moon SY,Jeon JY,Kim HJ,Kim DJ,Lee KW,Han SJ

    更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00

  • A survey of diabetic educators and patients for the revision of korean food exchange lists.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Food exchange lists are one of the main methods of nutritional education. However, Korean food exchange lists have not been revised since 1994. Therefore, we surveyed the opinions of diabetes educators and patients with diabetes regarding the need for revision of the current food exchange lists. METHODS:For...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2011.35.2.173

    authors: Cho JW,Kweon MR,Park YM,Woo MH,Yoo HS,Lim JH,Koo BK,Kim CH,Kim HJ,Park JS,Shin CH,Won KC,Lim S,Jang HC

    更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00

  • Probiotics as Complementary Treatment for Metabolic Disorders.

    abstract::Over the past decade, growing evidence has established the gut microbiota as one of the most important determinants of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, obesogenic diet can drastically alter bacterial populations (i.e., dysbiosis) leading to activation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms and ...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.4.291

    authors: Le Barz M,Anhê FF,Varin TV,Desjardins Y,Levy E,Roy D,Urdaci MC,Marette A

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • Intensive individualized reinforcement education is important for the prevention of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:We investigated whether an intensive individualized reinforcement education program could influence the prevention of hypoglycemic events in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:From March 2013 to September 2013, patients aged 35 to 75 years with type 2 diabetes who had not previously participated in diab...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.2.154

    authors: Yong YM,Shin KM,Lee KM,Cho JY,Ko SH,Yoon MH,Kim TW,Jeong JH,Park YM,Ko SH,Ahn YB

    更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00

  • Metformin Ameliorates Lipotoxic β-Cell Dysfunction through a Concentration-Dependent Dual Mechanism of Action.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic exposure to elevated levels of free fatty acids contributes to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Although it is well known that metformin induces cellular energy depletion and a concomitant activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) through inhibition of the respiratory chain, previous studies ha...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2018.0179

    authors: Kim HI,Lee JS,Kwak BK,Hwang WM,Kim MJ,Kim YB,Chung SS,Park KS

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00

  • Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetes. Part I: Epidemiology and Diagnosis.

    abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are common metabolic disorders whose prevalence rates are expected to rise worldwide, corresponding to aging and increasingly obese populations. Compared to the general population (around 25%), 50% to 70% of people with diabetes have NAFLD, and NAFLD severity (incl...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2019.0011

    authors: Lee YH,Cho Y,Lee BW,Park CY,Lee DH,Cha BS,Rhee EJ

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Impact of Cytomegalovirus Disease on New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Population-Based Matched Case-Control Cohort Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) cause chronic inflammation through undesirable inflation of cell-mediated immune response. CMV immunoglobulin G has been associated with cardiovascular disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated impact of CMV diseases on new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHO...

    journal_title:Diabetes & metabolism journal

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4093/dmj.2018.0167

    authors: Yoo SG,Han KD,Lee KH,La Y,Kwon DE,Han SH

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00