Abstract:
:The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs) comprise a group of four homologous and potent growth factors that includes GDNF, neurturin (NRTN), artemin (ARTN), and persephin (PSPN). The survival, growth, and mitotic activities of the GFLs are conveyed by a single receptor tyrosine kinase, Ret. The GFLs do not bind directly to Ret in order to activate it, and instead bind with high affinity to glycerophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored coreceptors called the GDNF family receptor-αs (GFRαs). Several mechanisms have recently been identified that influence the trafficking of Ret and GFRαs in and out of the plasma membrane, thereby affecting their availability for ligand binding, as well as their levels by targeting to degradative pathways. This review describes these mechanisms and their powerful effects on GFL signaling and function. We also describe the recent discovery that p75 and Ret form a signaling complex, also regulated by plasma membrane shuttling, that either enhances GFL survival signals or p75 pro-apoptotic signals, dependent on the cellular context.
journal_name
Cell Tissue Resjournal_title
Cell and tissue researchauthors
Donnelly CR,Pierchala BAdoi
10.1007/s00441-020-03235-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
57-64issue
1eissn
0302-766Xissn
1432-0878pii
10.1007/s00441-020-03235-4journal_volume
382pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) contains a biological clock that generates timing signals that drive daily rhythms in behaviors and homeostatic functions. In addition to this pacemaker function, the SCN gates its own sensitivity to incoming signals, which permits appropriate temporal adjustment to achieve synchrony ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00441-002-0576-1
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone marrow (BM) from human and rodent species contains a population of multipotential cells referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Currently, MSCs are isolated indirectly by using a culture step and then the generation of fibroblast colony-forming units (CFU-fs). Unprocessed or native BM MSCs have not yet been...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-006-0292-3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal septate junctions of Nereis sp. and Cirriformia sp. fixed with OsO4 or glutaraldehyde/OsO4 display variable structure in electron micrographs. In transverse section the septa are often indistinct and obscured by opaque material that fills the junctional cleft. Septa (spaced at 180--280 A) are more clearly de...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00222150
更新日期:1976-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::The fine structure of the kidney is studied in the sexually mature male three-spined stickleback after administration of an antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate. Under these conditions, the dedifferentiation of renal tubules is characterized by the same involutive processes as those induced by castration, with the differ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00220324
更新日期:1976-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in neurons during development of the nervous system and may also be a prominent form of neuronal death in chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Recent findings also implicate apoptosis in neuronal degeneration after is...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s004419900154
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a primary cell culture system of antennal mechanoreceptor neurons from early-stage pupal sphinx moth Manduca sexta. Dissociated neurons from the moth antennae differentiated, grew and survived for several weeks in a conditioned culture medium. Bipolar neurons with soma diameters of 10-25 microns from...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410051358
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vascular architecture of the rat testis and spermatic cord was studied by a corrosion cast technique combined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and light microscopy. The casts preserve the endothelial impressions of the vessels and enable them to be differentiated into the various vascular compon...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00217176
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light microscopy of native preparations, histology, and electron microscopy have revealed that Phlebotomus duboscqi belongs to a class of sand fly species with prompt development of the peritrophic matrix (PM). Secretion of electron-lucent fibrils, presumably chitin, starts immediately after the ingestion of a blood m...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-009-0802-1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A quantitative evaluation of putative amino acid neurotransmitters in sea pansy polyps by high-performance liquid chromatography indicates that the taurine content exceeds that of other amino acids by a 100-fold. The cellular source of this taurine was investigated by immunohistochemistry with two polyclonal antisera ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410050800
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an ultrastructural study on the spermiogenesis of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri R.) four spermatogenetic stages were identified. In young round spermatids, the nuclear chromatin was first heterogeneous (euchromatin and heterochromatin). Subsequently, it became more homogeneous and started to condense in the fo...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238295
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of a simple chordotonal organ, the presumed homologue of the noctuoid moth tympanal organ, is described in the atympanate moth, Actias luna. The organ consists of a proximal scolopidial region and a distal strand, which attaches peripherally to the membraneous cuticle ventral to the hindwing alula. The s...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00319368
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ADHs and ALDHs) may be of interest in the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD) because of their role in protection against toxins and in retinoid metabolism, which is required for growth and development of the mesencephalic dopamine system. In the present study, the spatial and te...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-005-0038-7
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organization of the system of perivascular space around the capillaries in the neurohypophysis was studied in the adult and developing laboratory mouse by the use of histological silver impregnation and electron microscopical techniques. In the median eminence short and long extensions, arising mainly from the sha...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237730
更新日期:1979-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Adenohypophysial primordia of rat embryos at 13 to 15 days gestation were cultured in Parker 199 synthetic medium for 2 to 11 days. At the end of the culture period their fine structure and the presence of immunoreactive trophic hormones using the peroxidase-labeled antibody technique were investigated. The degree of ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00224303
更新日期:1976-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::The present study continues a previous investigation on the median eminence (EM) (Krisch et al., 1978). In rats with high levels of neurohormones (LHRH, vasopressin) a limited immunohistochemical labeling of perivascular tanycyte processes can be observed surrounding capillaries in the marginal region of the organum v...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00233891
更新日期:1978-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::"White pigment cells" are derived from melanophore precursors and contain both melanophore-specific and iridophore-specific pigment organelles. Whereas melanophores differentiate in the wild type regenerating tail, white pigment cells appear in the regenerating tail in the periodic albino mutant (a(p)/a(p)) of Xenopus...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-015-2133-8
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurosecretory cells of the ventral ganglia in the adult dragonfly, Orthetrum chrysis, are classified into A, B, C1 and C2 cells. The neurosecretory material in the ventral ganglia is composed of PAS-positive material with 1-, 2-glycol groups and some proteins. The proteins rich in cystine or cysteine occur predom...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00221087
更新日期:1977-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Fixed cerebral vesicles of mouse foetuses were fractured and examined with the scanning electron microscope. This method provides a study of the three dimensional developmental features of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium up to the formation of the early cortex plate. Matrix cells are a cell population of homo...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00219466
更新日期:1975-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in intestinal function, notably impaired transit, following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are likely to derive, at least in part, from damage to the enteric nervous system. Currently, there is a lack of quantitative data and methods on which to base quantitation of changes that occur in enteric neurons. In...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-010-1126-x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the non-muscle myosin heavy chain-B (NM-MHC-B, also denoted as the embryonic smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, SMemb) was examined in rat urinary bladder during growth in response to a partial urinary outflow obstruction. Following obstruction, the weight of the urinary bladder increased more than five-f...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410000262
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using techniques for enhanced microtubular preservation (albumin pretreatment of Gray) occipital and pyriform cortices of rats were studied by electron microscopy at various stages of development. A close structural relationship was seen between microtubules (mts), focal membrane densities, synaptic vesicles, and pres...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00215777
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial localisation of insulin-like growth-factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and its mRNA was investigated during larval and post-larval developmental stages of the gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata) by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation with specific antisera and riboprobes. During larval developmen...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-004-0952-0
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Andersen's syndrome (AS) is a rare autosomal disorder that has been defined by the triad of periodic paralysis, cardiac arrhythmia, and developmental anomalies. AS has been directly linked to over 40 different autosomal dominant negative loss-of-function mutations in the KCNJ2 gene, encoding for the tetrameric strong ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-017-2696-7
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An antiserum against the octapeptide Pea-CAH-I, a member of the adipokinetic hormone/red pigment-concentrating hormone family, has been produced for immunocytochemical staining in insects and various other invertebrate species. The anti-Pea-CAH-I serum stains the glandular corpora cardiaca cells of those insect specie...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410050601
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerves containing the calcium-binding protein calretinin have been reported in several organs but not in female reproductive organs and associated ganglia. This study was undertaken to determine if nerves associated with the uterus contain calretinin and the source(s) of calretinin-synthesizing nerves in the rat (are ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004419900071
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into the left dorsal column nuclei of adult cats. Large dorsal funiculi axons of the C3, C5, C8 and L7 segments were searched for HRP-activity after 12, 24, 36 and 48h using light and electron microscopy. Accumulations of intra-axonal HRP-positive bodies occurred at nodes of R...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410050513
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regions within frog semitendinosus muscle that are rich in tonic muscle cells were identified histochemically by myosin adenosine triphosphatase- and succinic dehydrogenase-staining procedures. Bundles of cells still attached to tendinous insertions were removed from those sites, prepared for electron microscopy and s...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00213937
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibres growing from neurons of explanted dorsal root ganglia from 10 day chick embryos were transected and subsequently observed by light and electron microscopy after periods of a few to fifty minutes. Changes immediately proximal and distal to the cut together with alterations further away from the site of injury on...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00219562
更新日期:1978-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional two-dimensional cell monolayers do not provide the geometrical, biochemical and mechanical cues found in real tissues. Cells in real tissues interact through chemical and mechanical stimuli with adjacent cells and via the extracellular matrix. Such a highly interconnected communication network extends alo...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00441-013-1589-7
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinitis pigmentosa is a blinding disease in which unknown mechanisms cause the degeneration of retinal photoreceptors. The retinal degeneration (rd1) mouse is a relevant model for this condition, since it carries a mutation also found in some forms of retinitis pigmentosa. To understand the degenerative process in t...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-004-1046-8
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00