Abstract：
:A growing body of evidence suggests that the mode of movement selection is relevant for the readiness potential, namely, internal (or free) selection of movements is associated with increased readiness potential amplitudes compared to predetermined or externally guided selection. It is little acknowledged, however, that this finding may be ascribed to the different expression of volition (i.e., conscious experience of choice) rather than to the mode of movement selection per se. To probe this issue, we conducted two experiments: in Experiment 1, a mental task was employed to distract sixteen volunteers from the selection and performance of incidental movements, which consisted of pressing one of two buttons according to either free or externally guided modes of movement selection; in Experiment 2, another sixteen individuals performed the same motor task, however, they were encouraged to attend to their intention to act. As result, the increased readiness potential amplitude before freely selected movements was found exclusively in Experiment 2. More detailed analysis suggested that the attention to the initiation of movements was associated with greater readiness potential in its medial and late portion, while the attention to the movement selection, with more global increase of the component. The study suggests that much of the higher demands on motor preparatory activities ascribed to the internal selection of movements in previous studies actually depends on individual's attention and, thus, probably corresponds to volitional processes.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Takashima S,Ogawa CY,Najman FA,Ramos RTdoi
10.1007/s00221-020-05878-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
2113-2123issue
10eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106pii
10.1007/s00221-020-05878-9journal_volume
238pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The nature of spontaneous unitary activity of rat neocortex was investigated during slow wave sleep and urethane anaesthesia. Neurones in layer IV and V locations fired in a burst-pause pattern at a low burst repetition rate (0.5-4 per second) during both stage 3/4 sleep and urethane anaesthesia. Occasionally an alter...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237474
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A strong subjective tendency exists for simultaneous sound frequencies forming an harmonic series (integer multiples of the fundamental) to "group" together into a unified auditory percept whose pitch is similar to that of the fundamental. The aim of the study was to determine whether cortical auditory evoked potentia...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1482-9
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effect of correlation in background noise on the ability of participants to detect a kinaesthetic target on the index fingers of their hands. Participants had to judge whether the target (a smoothed ramp with quarter-sine onset and offset), was on the left or right finger (experiments 1 and 2). The...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-2273-2
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual information regarding limb location can override proprioceptive information when there is conflict between the two-a phenomenon referred to as visual capture. In three experiments, we employed the "mirror illusion," in which the perceived location of one's hand is influenced by the visual information specified ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2445-6
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main belly of the macaque's flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) is divided by a dissectible plane into radial and ulnar regions. The present report describes three findings which suggest that the radial and ulnar regions represent separate functional subdivisions of the FDP. First, electromyographic (EMG) recordings ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229783
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stronger anatomo-functional connections of the supplementary motor area (SMA), as compared with premotor area (PM), with regions of the limbic system, suggest that SMA could play a role in the control of movements triggered by visual stimuli with emotional content. We addressed this issue by analysing the modifica...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1346-8
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using different tracer substances the pathways connecting the superior colliculus with the diencephalon were studied in the Madagascan hedgehog tenrec (Echinops telfairi), a nocturnal insectivore with tiny eyes, a small and little differentiated superior colliculus and a visual cortex with no obvious fourth granular l...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228725
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gap effect refers to the finding that saccadic latencies are typically reduced when a fixation point is removed prior to the appearance of a peripheral target. This reduction in saccadic reaction time (SacRT) is thought to be due to a general warning effect and an oculomotor specific fixation offset that occur whe...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002219900243
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of perceptual and neurophysiological studies have investigated the effects of delivering unilateral versus bilateral tactile sensory stimulation. While a number of studies indicate that perceptual discrimination degrades with opposite-hand stimulation, there have been no reports that examined the digit specif...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-4045-3
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In our study we examined, in the rabbit, the interactions between temperature regulation and the state of increased vigilance and emotional arousal induced by a Classical Aversive Conditioning Procedure. A Delay Conditioning Procedure was used. The Conditioned Stimulus (CS) was a 1350 Hz, 85 dB tone, the Unconditioned...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00238813
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perception of whether a given behavior is possible typically reflects a person's action capabilities even before the behavior is performed and even when the person has undergone recent changes to their action capabilities. Importantly, perception of affordances for a given behavior also reflects impending changes to a...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3104-x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the effects of morphine injected either systemically or into the dorsal periaqueductal gray (DPAG) or nucleus accumbens (NA) using conventional and ethological analyses of behavior of rats submitted to the elevated plus-maze test with transparent walls. Intraperitoneal morphine (0.1 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg) inc...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050896
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Morphometric changes have been studied at the mouse neuromuscular junction (NMJ) as a function of the frequency of stimulation. In vivo stimulation was made at either 10, 25, 50 or 100 Hz. No significant change in the area of NMJ profiles is observed after stimulation. This indicates that stimulation does not change t...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237590
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Migraine affects the autonomous nervous system and a recent investigation has also proposed a severe disturbance of dynamic cerebral blood flow regulation in the middle cerebral artery during spontaneous blood pressure oscillations. This study investigates whether dynamic cerebral autoregulation is impaired in persons...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-0879-2
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a consequence of the fragility of various neural structures, preterm infants born at a low gestation and/or birthweight are at an increased risk of developing motor abnormalities. The lack of a reliable means of assessing motor integrity prevents early therapeutic intervention. In this paper, we propose a new metho...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002219900227
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of a cutaneous imperative stimulus trigger cue (sural nerve stimulation) versus visual cuing of rapid step initiation were assessed in young, healthy subjects (n = 18). Two sets of experiments were conducted in which the vertical ground reaction force and EMG in tibialis anterior (TA) and gluteus medius (G...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1566-7
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the metadata of the original publication of the article. ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s00221-019-05476-4
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Albino mammals show very characteristic deficits in their optokinetic system, and albino ferrets are even optokinetically blind. To investigate the neuronal causes for this defect we compared the morphology of retinal slip cells in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and the dorsal terminal nucleus of the accesso...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210100832
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pieces of the developing cerebellar anlage were prepared from 13-15 day old rat embryos and transplanted to the cerebellar region of 5-7 and 13-14 day old rat pups. Approximately two months later, sections showed most grafts to consist of both cerebellar cortex, with a typical trilaminar organization, and white matter...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237288
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the development of information-movement couplings in a ball-bouncing task with a special interest in how space- and time-related information is used by people of different ages. Participants from four age groups (children aged 7-8, 9-10 and 11-12 years, and adults) performed a virtual ball-bouncing task in ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4443-1
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The survival of grafts of dissociated allogeneic fetal neural dopamine (DA) rich tissue in the striatum has been studied after transplantation between inbred strains of mice differing at defined immunogenetical loci between donor and recipient. Six to 7 weeks and 15 weeks after grafting, surviving grafted DA neurons w...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00253636
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to precisely time events is essential for both perception and action. There is evidence that the cerebellum is important for the neural representation of time in a variety of behaviors including time perception, the tapping of specific time intervals, and eye-blink conditioning. It has been difficult to as...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-0857-8
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to test the principle of motor abundance, which has been hypothesized as the principle by which the central nervous system controls the excessive degrees of freedom of the human movements, in contrast to the traditional negative view of motor redundancy. This study investigated the change...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2486-x
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebellar cell suspensions were prepared from normal mouse embryos and implanted into the cerebellum of Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) mutant mice, which are characterized by a virtually complete degeneration of Purkinje cells between postnatal day (P) 17 and P45. The expression of immunoreactivity for PEP-19, a de...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00248919
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nystagmic eye movements in response to selective optokinetic stimulation of different parts of the retina were studied in normal human subjects by two methods: 1. a digital computer controlled by the eye movement signal was used to generate an optokinetic display which stimulated only the peripheral retina, simulating...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235455
更新日期：1975-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of alteration of thyroid state on neurochemical maturation have been studied in rats made hypothyroid by daily injections of methimazole or hyperthyroid by daily supplementation with thyroid hormone (T3) from postnatal days 1 to 27. Biochemical assays on seven brain regions plus the spinal cord were carrie...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229834
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous investigations have revealed that perceived spatial frequency of gratings rises as contrast is lowered. In order to account for this finding it has been postulated that the spatial frequency which produces the maximum response from cortical neurones decreases with contrast. We have examined this hypothesis by...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236862
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(1) The responses of CA1 pyramidal cells to short glutamate pulses (10-50 ms) delivered at sensitive spots in the apical dendrites have been analysed by intracellular recording. (2) The glutamate pulses elicited stable depolarizing responses in a dose- and frequency-dependent manner. (3) When a single action potential...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228178
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ageing affects many visual functions. Here, we investigated the effects of ageing on vernier acuity and backward masking using the shine-through paradigm. We divided healthy older adults (>60 years) into two groups depending on whether vernier duration was comparable to younger adults (Older Adults 1) or not (Older Ad...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4314-9
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two rhesus monkeys were trained to make saccadic eye movements from a central fixation point towards a peripheral target. Saccadic reaction times (SRTs) were measured in the gap paradigm (200 ms pause between offset of fixation point and onset of peripheral target). Target position for extensive training (SRTs of 150 ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230109
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
