Abstract:
:Intraosseous T1-weighted (T1W) and short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity changes-so-called bone marrow edema-may be able to differentiate antemortem and postmortem fractures in human forensic imaging. The primary objective of this study was to investigate this hypothesis using an animal model. Three juvenile Landrace pigs were anesthetized and underwent MRI of both tibiae and both radii using a 1.5 T magnet. T1W, T2-weighted (T2W), STIR, and T2* sequences were included. Antemortem fractures were induced in both tibiae and postmortem fractures in both radii, and MRI was repeated. Two board-certified radiologists blinded to fracture group jointly evaluated the images for intraosseous and soft tissue signal intensity changes. Sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) in identifying antemortem fractures were calculated based on intraosseous, soft tissue, and combined intraosseous and soft tissue signal intensity changes. Intraosseous and soft tissue signal intensity changes, when present, were hyperintense in all sequences. Intraosseous hyperintensity in T1W and T2W sequences yielded Sp of 100% for antemortem fractures. Regardless of sequence, soft tissue hyperintensity was comparatively more sensitive than intraosseous hyperintensity. Sensitivity for each sequence could be maximized by assessment of soft tissue and intraosseous hyperintense signals together; for the T1W sequence, such assessment optimized diagnostic utility yielding a Se of 100% and Sp of 83%. In summary, MRI-particularly the T1W sequence-can differentiate antemortem and postmortem fractures and may be a useful adjunct to the forensic analyses of fractures.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Oetelaar G,Heng HG,Lim CK,Cox A,Weng HYdoi
10.1111/1556-4029.14475subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-01 00:00:00pages
1524-1529issue
5eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It is thought that, in a consignment of discrete units, a certain proportion of the units contain illegal material. A sample of the consignment is to be inspected. Various methods for the determination of the sample size are compared. The consignment will be considered as a random sample from some super-population of ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In general, hanging cases are the result of suicide, and accidental and homicidal hanging cases are rarely seen. This study retrospectively investigated 4571 death examinations and autopsies that were performed at The Konya Branch of the Forensic Medicine Council (Turkey) between 1998 and 2007; hanging was involved in...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01320.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the genetic identification of James "Earthquake McGoon" McGovern, a WWII fighter ace who perished in Laos while providing supplies to French troops during the French Indochina war. Because reference samples were unavailable for all of the potential casualties, testing of the entire mitochondrial ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00506.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::As drug overdose deaths across the United States continue to rise, there is increasing interest in field testing of illicit substances. This work discusses a paper-based analytical device (idPAD) that can run a library of 12 colorimetric tests at the same time, each detecting different chemical functional groups and m...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14318
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To prevent image forgeries, a number of forensic techniques for digital image have been developed that can detect an image's origin, trace its processing history, and can also locate the position of tampering. Especially, the statistical footprint left by JPEG compression operation can be a valuable source of informat...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12618
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The documentation of dental materials used in the USA during the WWII era is readily available, while references for the Japanese are minimal. It was therefore important to build a photographic database of Japanese restorative care which could be utilized as a comparison tool for the deployed odontologist. The dental ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13446
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis was performed on a prehistoric human vertebral column recovered during an archaeological excavation in the Sierra of northern California. Fifteen burials believed to represent the Maidu culture of 400 to 700 years ago were recovered. The vertebral column from one of the individuals is particularly signific...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent decline in the incidence of the SIDS in the District of Columbia has permitted identification of what appears to be two separate groups of cases within the generic SIDS population. While deaths of bed-sharing victims remained relatively constant throughout the study period, a greater than fourfold decrease ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 48-year-old woman was found dead on a chair in her living room. She had received dialysis every day because of chronic renal failure for the past 15 years. On a table beside her, there was a mirror and 10-mL syringe on a napkin. A stopper was out of place in a portion of a three-way blood access tube established in ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01471.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malingering by proxy (MAL-BP) is a form of maltreatment that involves a caregiver who fabricates or induces signs or symptoms in a child, dependent adult, or pet in pursuit of external, tangible incentives. Rarely studied, MAL-BP has an unknown prevalence, and is a challenging diagnosis for healthcare professionals. T...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12977
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internal standards are commonly used for the quantitative determination of drugs of abuse and their metabolites (drug/metabolite) in biological fluids and tissues by the selective ion monitoring (SIM) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) procedure. Analogs of drugs/metabolites that are labeled with three or mo...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three new color/screening tests for flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) are reported. The two-step tests are simple, sensitive, highly specific, and effective for both cut and uncut flunitrazepam and standard over-the-counter preparations of flunitrazepam (i.e., Rohypnol tablets). ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Graze gunshot wounds of internal organs produce injuries similar to those seen on the skin surface. Careful examination of the distribution of lacerations on the tissue tags along the margins of the graze trough may permit a determination of the direction of fire. ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluates the accuracy and precision of a skeletal age estimation method, using the acetabulum of 100 male ossa coxae from the Grant Collection (GRO) at the University of Toronto, Canada. Age at death was obtained using Bayesian inference and a computational application (IDADE2) that requires a reference po...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01700.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitreous humor chemistry profiles were reviewed on 133 autopsied cases in which death occurred outdoors during a six-year period, to determine whether environmental temperature at the time of death influenced chemistry values obtained at autopsy. The glucose concentration and total carbon dioxide content varied invers...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A basilar skull fracture that extends along both petrous bones is generally considered to be a response to impacts to the lateral aspects of the head. This generalization is not warranted as such a fracture often results from impacts to any point around the base of the skull or to the chin. These facts were appreciate...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of both cocaine and benzoylecgonine in postmortem fluid and tissue samples has been developed by using computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography using a nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) detector. Both methods are accurate and sensitive ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Slimming cactus (Hoodia), found only in southwestern Africa, is a well-known herbal product for losing weight. Consequently, Hoodia extracts are sought-after worldwide despite a CITES Appendix II status. The failure to eradicate illegal trade is due to problems with detecting and identifying Hoodia using morphological...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12184
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hae III has been selected by our laboratories as the restriction endonuclease of choice for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of forensic science samples. The enzyme is compatible with the D2S44 probe system and generates relatively small DNA fragments for that marker system. Similarly, Hae III is comp...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the relationship between hyoid bone shape and fracture pattern figures prominently in forensic investigations of strangulation, few quantitative data exist on age and sex differences in hyoid morphology. An image analysis system was used to take a series of 30 measurements on digitized radiographs of 315 hyoi...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::When determining an age estimate from adult skeletal remains, forensic anthropologists face a series of methodological choices. These decisions, such as which skeletal region to evaluate, which methods to apply, what statistical information to use, and how to combine information from multiple methods, ultimately impac...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01979.x
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated female experiences of stalking by former partners following the dissolution of heterosexual romantic relationships. It aimed to identify those characteristics of former partners that were associated with stalking as opposed to other post-relationship experiences of minor harassment or no-harass...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular immune response is accompanied by the release of neopterin. Increased neopterin levels in urine and serum are observed in patients during viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and allograft rejections and certain malignant diseases. We investigated postmortem neopterin concentrations in urine and serum sampl...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::At a recent bushland gravesite that contained a deceased male, a clod of soil displaying a striated toolmark was collected during the excavation of the grave. This clod was preserved, and the mark was cast using Mikrosil™. Shovels and a mattock, which had been discarded by the suspects, were subsequently found at anot...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01537.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous pneumothorax is present in 1 to 2% of healthy full-term newborn infants. Virtually all cases have resolution of the pneumothorax without sequelae and in fact without the condition being diagnosed. Two fatal cases are presented. Anyone doing medicolegal autopsies should be aware of this entity so that X-ray...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to follow the postmortem ethanol production phenomenon under controlled experimental conditions (temperature, time interval) in different tissues. Specimens of blood, liver, skeletal muscle and kidney were taken from 30 corpses and no chemical preservatives were used in the specimens collecte...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimating time since death is especially difficult in the examination of poorly preserved cadavers and depends on the experience of the examiner and comparison with previously documented cases showing similar characteristics. The present study reports on information obtained over the past ten years through the work o...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Owing to the scanty evidence on usefulness of information of appearance of gray hair for age estimation, this study was conducted to estimate age based on the appearance of gray hair on different body sites in a sample of autopsy cases in Sri Lanka. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Teaching Hospita...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13375
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A standardized removal and dissection procedure is presented for human infant brain. A previously unreported cistern of the pineal gland must be severed at autopsy in order to preserve the gland's anatomic integrity during brain removal. Utilization of these methods to investigate Sudden Infant Death Syndrome brain ti...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three Southwest European populations: Galicia (NW Spain), a mixed Spanish population from the rest of Spain (outside Galicia), and a population sample from the Coimbra area (Centre of Portugal) have been studied for the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR), Glycophorin A (GYPA), Hemoglobin G Gammaglobin (HBGG), D7S...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00