Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this brief review, we highlight studies that have contributed to our current understanding of glucose homeostasis by the central nervous system (CNS) leptin-melanocortin system, particularly proopiomelanocortin neurons and melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4R). RECENT FINDINGS:Leptin deficiency is associated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism whereas leptin administration improves tissue glucose uptake/oxidation and reduces hepatic glucose output. These antidiabetic effects of leptin have been demonstrated in experimental animals and humans, even when circulating insulin levels are barely detectable. Recent evidence suggests that these antidiabetic actions of leptin are mediated, in large part, by stimulation of leptin receptors (LRs) in the CNS and require activation of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and MC4R. These chronic antidiabetic effects of the CNS leptin-melanocortin system appear to be independent of autonomic nervous system and pituitary-thyroid-adrenal (PTA) axis mechanisms. The powerful antidiabetic actions of the CNS leptin-melanocortin system are capable of normalizing plasma glucose even in the absence of insulin and involve interactions of multiple neuronal populations and intracellular signaling pathways. Although the links between the CNS leptin-melanocortin system and its chronic effects on peripheral tissue glucose metabolism are still uncertain, they are independent of insulin action, activation of the autonomic nervous system, or the PTA axis. Unraveling the pathways that contribute to the powerful antidiabetic effects of the CNS leptin-melanocortin system may provide novel therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus.
journal_name
Curr Diab Repjournal_title
Current diabetes reportsauthors
da Silva AA,do Carmo JM,Hall JEdoi
10.1007/s11892-020-01311-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-26 00:00:00pages
29issue
7eissn
1534-4827issn
1539-0829pii
10.1007/s11892-020-01311-1journal_volume
20pub_type
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journal_title：Current diabetes reports
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Current diabetes reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
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